Correlation of STARLAB Cylinders to the National Science Education Standards Grades K-4

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1 Correlation of STARLAB Cylinders to the National Science Education Standards Grades K- - - The National Science Education Standards establish a series of goals designed to improve the scientific literacy of American students. In developing the standards, one of the main goals was to focus on the inquiry aspects of science education rather than just the content that is taught. Since its inception more than 5 years ago, the main focus of the STARLAB Planetarium system has been just that. Instead of simply being a place where students can see the sky, the various STARLAB cylinders that are used with the analog Standard and FiberArc STARLAB projectors were developed with the concept of student participation as a central theme. Since many state education departments and school districts use the National Science Education Standards as a framework for creating their core curricula in science, we offer the following correlation between the STARLAB cylinders and the standards. The following pages show which STARLAB cylinders can be used to help students meet each of the National Science Education Standards. We have included the correlations with the Content Standards including Science as Inquiry, Physical Science, Life Science, Earth and Space Science, Science and Technology, Science in Personal and Social Perspectives, and History and Nature of Science. K- Science As Inquiry Cylinder Key: = Milky Way Starfield = Deep Sky Objects 5 = Solar System/Galaxy 7 = Radio Sky 8 = Moon = Plate Tectonics = Ocean Currents = Weather OS = Biological Cell K- Science As Inquiry Standards and the corresponding STARLAB Cylinders that help meet those standards Understandings About Scientific Inquiry OS Scientific investigations involve asking and answering a question and comparing the answer with what scientists already know about the world. Scientists use different kinds of investigations depending on the questions they are trying to answer. Types of investigations include describing objects, events, and organisms; classifying them; and doing a fair test (experimenting). Scientists develop explanations using observations (evidence) and what they already know about the world (scientific knowledge). Good explanations are based on evidence from investigations.

2 K- Physical Science Cylinder Key: - - = Milky Way Starfield = Deep Sky Objects 5 = Solar System/Galaxy 6 = Celestial Coordinates 7 = Radio Sky 8 = Moon K- Physical Science Standards and the corresponding STARLAB Cylinders that help meet those standards Properties of Objects and Materials Objects have many observable properties, including size, weight, shape, color, temperature, and the ability to react with other substances. Those properties can be measured using tools, such as rulers, balances, and thermometers. Position and Motion of Objects The position of an object can be described by locating it relative to another object or the background. An object's motion can be described by tracing and measuring its position over time. Light, Heat, Electricity, and Magnetism Light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object. Light can be reflected by a mirror, refracted by a lens, or absorbed by the object. K- Life Science Cylinder Key: OS = Biological Cell OS = Bird Migration = Lewis & Clark Celestial Navigation K- Life Science Standards and the corresponding STARLAB Cylinders that help meet those standards The Characteristics of Organisms OS OS Organisms have basic needs. For example, animals need air, water, and food; plants require air, water, nutrients, and light. Organisms can survive only in environments in which their needs can be met. The world has many different environments, and distinct environments support the life of different types of organisms. The behavior of individual organisms is influenced by internal cues (such as hunger) and by external cues (such as a change in the environment). Humans and other organisms have senses that help them detect internal and external cues. Life Cycles of Organisms Plants and animals have life cycles that include being born, developing into adults, reproducing, and eventually dying. The details of this life cycle are different for different organisms. Plants and animals closely resemble their parents. Organisms and Their Environment An organism's patterns of behavior are related to the nature of that organism's environment, including the kinds and numbers of other organisms present, the availability of food and resources, and the physical characteristics of the environment. When the environment changes, some plants and animals survive and reproduce, and others die or move to new locations.

3 K- Earth and Space Science Cylinder Key: - - = Milky Way Starfield = Urban Starfield = Constellations 5 = Solar System/Galaxy 6 = Celestial Coordinates 8 = Moon = Greek Mythology = African Mythology = Ancient Egyptian Mythology = Native American Mythology 5 = Navajo Skies 6 = Ancient Chinese Legends 7 = Ancient Chinese Seasons 8 = Lapp/Samí Mythology 9 = Hindu Mythology 0 = Inuit Starlore = Maya Skies = Lewis & Clark Celestial Navigation = Polynesian Voyaging = Plate Tectonics = Ocean Currents = Weather K- Earth and Space Science Standards and the corresponding STARLAB Cylinders that help meet those standards Properties of Earth Materials Fossils provide evidence about the plants and animals that lived long ago and the nature of the environment at that time. Objects in the Sky The sun, moon, stars, clouds, birds, and airplanes all have properties, locations, and movements that can be observed and described. The sun provides the light and heat necessary to maintain the temperature of the earth. Changes in the Earth and Sky The surface of the earth changes. Some changes are due to slow processes, such as erosion and weathering, and some changes are due to rapid processes, such as landslides, volcanic eruptions, and earthquakes. Weather changes from day to day and over the seasons. Weather can be described by measurable quantities, such as temperature, wind direction and speed, and precipitation. Objects in the sky have patterns of movement. The sun, for example, appears to move across the sky in the same way every day, but its path changes slowly over the seasons. The moon moves across the sky on a daily basis much like the sun. The observable shape of the moon changes from day to day in a cycle that lasts about a month

4 K- Science and Technology Cylinder Key: - - = Milky Way Starfield = Urban Starfield = Constellations = Deep Sky Objects 5 = Solar System/Galaxy 6 = Celestial Coordinates 7 = Radio Sky 8 = Moon = Greek Mythology = African Mythology = Ancient Egyptian Mythology = Native American Mythology 5 = Navajo Skies 6 = Ancient Chinese Legends 7 = Ancient Chinese Seasons 8 = Lapp/Samí Mythology 9 = Hindu Mythology 0 = Inuit Starlore = Maya Skies = Lewis & Clark Celestial Navigation = Polynesian Voyaging OS = Biological Cell K- Science and Technology Standards and the corresponding STARLAB Cylinders that help meet those standards Understanding About Science and Technology People have always had questions about their world. Science is one way of answering questions and explaining the natural world. Tools help scientists make better observations, measurements, and equipment for investigations. They help scientists see, measure, and do things that they could not otherwise see, measure, and do OS K- History and Nature of Science Cylinder Key: = Milky Way Starfield = Deep Sky Objects 5 = Solar System/Galaxy 7 = Radio Sky 8 = Moon 7 = Ancient Chinese Seasons = Plate Tectonics = Ocean Currents = Weather = Lewis & Clark Celestial Navigation = Polynesian Voyaging OS = Biological Cell K- History and Nature of Science Standards and the corresponding STARLAB Cylinders that help meet those standards Science as a Human Endeavor OS Science and technology have been practiced by people for a long time. Although men and women using scientific inquiry have learned much about the objects, events, and phenomena in nature, much more remains to be understood. Science will never be finished. Many people choose science as a career and devote their entire lives to studying it. Many people derive great pleasure from doing science.

5 K- Science in Personal and Social Perspectives Cylinder Key: = Earth = Plate Tectonics 5 = Geocentric Earth = Lewis and Clark Celestial Navigation = The Civil War Sky OS = Bird Migration K- Science in Personal and Social Perspectives Standards and the corresponding STARLAB Cylinders that help meet those standards Types of Resources 5 OS Resources are things that we get from the living and nonliving environment to meet the needs and wants of a population. Some resources are basic materials, such as air, water, and soil; some are produced from basic resources, such as food, fuel, and building materials; and some resources are nonmaterial, such as quiet places, beauty, security, and safety. The supply of many resources is limited. If used, resources can be extended through recycling and decreased use. Changes in Environments Environments are the space, conditions, and factors that affect an individual's and a population's ability to survive and their quality of life. Changes in environments can be natural or influenced by humans. Some changes are good, some are bad, and some are neither good nor bad. Pollution is a change in the environment that can influence the health, survival, or activities of organisms, including humans. Some environmental changes occur slowly, and others occur rapidly. Students should understand the different consequences of changing environments in small increments over long periods as compared with changing environments in large increments over short periods.