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INSTRUCTION: This section consists of SIX (6) structured questions. Answer FOUR (4) questions only. ARAHAN : Bahagian ini mengandungi ENAM (6) soalan struktur. Jawab EMPAT (4) soalan sahaja. QUESTION 1 SOALAN 1 C1 (a) Define and give an example for each of the following terms: Takrifkan dan beri satu contoh bagi setiap terma berikut: i) Base quantity Kuantiti asas Derived quantity Kuantiti terbitan C2 (b) Random errors in experimental measurements are caused by unknown and unpredictable changes in an experiment: Ralat rawak dalam ukuran eksperimen adalah disebabkan oleh perubahan yang tidak diketahui dan tidak dapat diramalkan dalam sesuatu eksperimen: i) Give FOUR (4) examples of cause of random errors. Berikan EMPAT (4) contoh yang menyebabkan ralat rawak. Give TWO (2) approaches to minimize random errors. Berikan DUA (2) cara untuk mengurangkan ralat rawak. 2 SULIT

(c) Convert the following units: Tukarkan unit yang berikut: i). i 1539mm kepada km. 12.3m 3 kepada cm 3. 5000kg/m 3 kepada cm 3. 3 SULIT

(d) Determine the readings for the following tools in mm. Tentukan nilai bacaan bagi peralatan di bawah dalam mm. i) Without an object With an object 4 SULIT

QUESTION 2 SOALAN 2 C1 (a) State the definition of the following terms and its SI unit : Berikan takrifan beserta unit SI bagi terma-terma berikut : C2 i) Displacement Sesaran Acceleration Pecutan (b) State THREE (3) differences between : Nyatakan TIGA (3) perbezaan di antara : i) Speed and velocity Laju dan halaju Acceleration and deceleration Pecutan dan nyahpecutan 5 SULIT

(b) An aircraft accelerates uniformly from rest at 3.1 m/s 2 to reach its take-off velocity of 100 m/s. Sebuah kapal terbang mula bergerak daripada landasan dengan pecutan seragam 3.1 m/s 2 untuk berlepas sehingga mencapai halaju 100 m/s. i) How long does it take for the aircraft to leave the ground? Berapa lamakah tempoh yang diambil oleh kapal terbang ini untuk meninggalkan landasan? How far does it travel during the take-off? Berapakah jarak kapal terbang ini semasa berlepas? 6 SULIT

(d) v (m/s) 50 40 B A 25 0 20 40 t (s) Figure 2 Rajah 2 Figure 2 shows a velocity-time graph for two cars, A and B, which are moving in the same direction over a 40 s time period. Car A, travelling at a constant velocity of 40 m/s, overtakes car B at time, t = 0. In order to catch up with car A, car B immediately accelerates uniformly for 20 s to reach a constant velocity of 50 m/s. Rajah 2 menunjukkan graf halaju-masa dua buah kereta, A dan B, yang bergerak pada arah yang sama dalam tempoh 40 saat. Kereta A bergerak dengan halaju 40 m/s, memintas kereta B pada masa t = 0. Untuk mengejar kereta A, kereta B terus memecut dengan halaju seragam selama 20 saat sehingga mencapai halaju 50 m/s. 7 SULIT

Calculate : Kirakan: i) The distance travelled by car A during the first 20 s. Jarak yang dilalui oleh kereta A pada 20 saat yang pertama. Car B s acceleration during the first 20 s. Pecutan kereta B dalam tempoh 20 saat yang pertama. i The distance travelled by car B during the first 20 s. Jarak yang dilalui oleh kereta B pada 20 saat yang pertama. iv) The additional time taken for car B to catch up with car A. Masa tambahan yang diperlukan oleh kereta B untuk mengejar kereta A. v) The total distance travelled by each car. Jumlah jarak yang dilalui oleh setiap kereta. 8 SULIT

QUESTION 3 SOALAN 3 C1 (a) State TWO (2) differences between weight and mass. Nyatakan DUA (2) perbezaan antara berat dan jisim. C2 (b) A worker pushes a box with a mass of 80 kg on a horizontal floor with constant acceleration of 2.0 ms -2. Calculate: Seorang pekerja menolak sebuah kotak yang berjisim 80 kg di atas lantai yang mendatar dengan pecutan seragam 2.0 ms -2. Kirakan: i) The force applied by the worker. Daya yang dikenakan oleh pekerja. The acceleration if 70 kg is released from the box. Pecutan jika 70 kg dibebaskan daripada kotak. 9 SULIT

(c) Based on Figure 3 (a), calculate the centre of gravity using Resultant Moment of Force method. Berdasarkan Rajah 3 (a), kirakan pusat graviti dengan menggunakan kaedah Daya Paduan Momen. 12 N 10 N 8 N 1 m 2 m 2 m Figure 3 (a) / Rajah 3(a) [5 marks] [5 markah] (d) Based on Figure 3 (b), calculate the magnitude and direction of the resultant force. Berdasarkan Rajah 3 (b), kirakan magnitud dan arah bagi daya paduan. 8 kn 10 kn 50 65 60 Figure 3 (b) / Rajah 3(b) 15 kn [10 marks] [10 markah] 10 SULIT

QUESTION 4 SOALAN 4 C1 (a) i) Briefly discuss the differences between energy and work. Bincangkan secara ringkas perbezaan antara tenaga dan kerja. Give the definition of efficiency in a mechanical system. Berikan takrif kecekapan dalam sistem mekanikal. C2 (b) i) Describe FOUR (4) principles of conservation of energy. Huraikan EMPAT ( 4 ) prinsip keabadian tenaga. If an engine has 100 000 Joules of work in 10 seconds, how much power does it used? Jika enjin mempunyai 100 000 Joule kerja dalam masa 10 saat, berapa banyak kuasa yang digunakan? 11 SULIT

(c) At the Lagoon playground, Khairiyah who has a mass of 35 kg climbs up a 5.3 m height of slide. She slides down the slope that has 5 m length. At the end of the slope, which is 0.3 m above the ground, her velocity is 1ms -1. Determine: Di taman permainan Lagoon, Khairiyah yang mempunyai jisim 35 kg, memanjat papan gelungsur dengan ketinggian 5.3 m. Dia menggelungsur di atas cerun yang sepanjang 5 m. Di hujung cerun, iaitu 0.3 m di atas tanah, halajunya adalah 1ms -1. Tentukan: i) The change of potential energy. Perubahan tenaga keupayaan. The change of kinetic energy at the end of the slope. Perubahan tenaga kinetik di hujung cerun. i The work done by the girl at the slope. Kerja yang dilakukan oleh budak perempuan itu pada cerun tersebut. d) If a machine takes in 50 kj for 50 seconds, what is its energy output if the efficiency of the machine is 80 %? Jika sebuah mesin menggunakan 50 kj dalam masa 50 saat, apakah tenaga output jika kecekapan mesin ialah 80 %? [5 marks] [5 markah] 12 SULIT

QUESTION 5 SOALAN 5 C1 (a) Define each of the following terms and state the SI unit. Berikan takrifan setiap yang berikut dan nyatakan unit SI. i) Density Ketumpatan Pressure Tekanan C2 (b) State THREE (3) differences between solid and gas. Nyatakan TIGA (3) perbezaan antara pepejal dan gas. [6 marks] [6 markah] 13 SULIT

(c) Figure 5(a) shows a simple hydraulic system. Rajah 5(a) menunjukkan sistem hidraulik mudah. 2.5 kg Load P 0.52 m 2 4.35 m 2 Piston A Piston B Figure 5(a) / Rajah 5(a) i) Determine the force that will be applied at piston B. Tentukan daya yang akan dikenakan pada omboh B. [5 marks] [5 markah] If piston A moves down by 3.12 m when force is applied, calculate the distance of piston B when it moves upward. Sekiranya omboh A bergerak ke bawah sebanyak 3.12 m setelah dikenakan daya, kirakan jarak omboh B apabila ia bergerak ke atas. i If load P is replaced with 230 kg of mass, determine the force that should be applied on piston A in order to support the weights on piston B. Jika beban P digantikan dengan jisim 230 kg, tentukan daya yang akan digunakan di omboh A untuk menyokong berat pada omboh B. [6 marks] [6 markah] 14 SULIT

QUESTION 6 SOALAN 6 CLO 1 C1 (a) List and explain TWO (2) ways of heat transfer. Senaraikan dan terangkan DUA (2) cara pemindahan haba. CLO 1 C2 (b) Faris is cooling down a bowl of water with a mass, m (kg) from 90 C to 45 C. If the quantity of heat released from the water is 9.6kJ, calculate the mass, m (kg) of the water. (Specific Heat Capacity of water is 4200 J/kg C). Faris menyejukkan semangkuk air berjisim m (kg) daripada suhu 90 C kepada 45 C. Jika kuantiti haba yang dibebaskan oleh air adalah 9.6kJ, kirakan jisim, m (kg) air tersebut. (Muatan Haba Tentu bagi air ialah 4200 J/kg C). [6 marks] [6 markah] 15 SULIT

CLO 3 (c) An aluminium plate with a mass of 500g has been heated from 31 C to 80 C. Then the aluminium plate was placed into a container that has 700g of Liquid Y at a temperature of 15 C. Calculate: Sebuah plat aluminium berjisim 500g telah dipanaskan dari 31 C kepada 80 C. Selepas itu, plat aluminium dimasukkan ke dalam bekas yang mengandungi 700g Liquid Y pada suhu 15 C. Kirakan: i) The quantity of heat that is used to heat an aluminium plate (Specific Heat Capacity of aluminium is 950 J/kg C). Kuantiti haba yang digunakan untuk memanaskan plat aluminium. (Muatan Haba Tentu bagi aluminium ialah 950 J/kg C). [5 marks] [5 markah] The final temperature of the mixture (Specific Heat Capacity of liquid Y is 450 J/kg C). Suhu akhir campuran tersebut (Muatan Haba Tentu bagi cecair Y ialah 450 J/kg C). [10 marks] [10 marks] SOALAN TAMAT 16 SULIT