Ohio Academic Content Standards, Social Studies, Benchmarks and Indicators (Grade 6) Grade Six History Students use materials drawn from the diversity of human experience to analyze and interpret significant events, patterns and themes in the history of Ohio, the United States and the world. Grade-Level Indicators Chronology 1. Construct a multiple-tier time line from a list of events and interpret the relationships between the events. 2. Arrange dates in order on a time line using the conventions of B.C. and A.D. or B.C.E. and C.E. SE/TE: 14-15, 30 TE: 44, 215, 231 Opportunities to Address: 78, 190-191, 199, 213, 237, 243 SE/TE: 14-15, 30 TE: 44, 215, 231 Opportunities to Address: 78, 190-191, 199, 213, 237, 243 Early Civilizations 3. Describe the early cultural development of humankind from the Paleolithic Era to the revolution of agriculture including: SE/TE: 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 29, 30 TE: 8f a. Hunting and gathering SE/TE: 17, 19, 21, 22, 23, 25, 30 b. Tool making SE/TE: 17, 18, 19, 22, 23 c. Use of fire SE/TE: 17, 23, 30 d. Domestication of plants and animals SE/TE: 18, 19, 20, 21, 25 TE: 8f e. Organizing societies SE/TE: 25, 26, 27, 29, 30 TE: 8f f. Governance SE/TE: 27, 29, 30 4. Compare the geographic, political, economic and social characteristics of the river civilizations in the Tigris and Euphrates (Mesopotamia), Nile (Egypt), Huang Ho and Indus valleys before 1000 B.C. including: SE/TE: 3, 5, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 55, 56, 57, 60-64, 65, 66, 67, 72, 73, 75, 76-81, 82-87, 88-89, 90-95, 103, 104, 107, 109, 110-113, 114-115, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 244 TE: 68h - 1 -
a. Location SE/TE: 3, 26, 31, 33, 34, 39, 55, 56, 57, 67, 107, 109, 139 b. Government SE/TE: 27, 29, 37, 42, 43, 46, 48, 49, 51, 76-81, 103, 141, 244 c. Religion SE/TE: 26, 38, 39, 55, 56, 57, 60-64, 65, 66, 67, 82-87 d. Agriculture SE/TE: 5, 36, 37, 40, 41, 72, 73, 75, 112, 140, 141 e. Cultural and scientific contributions SE/TE: 26, 27, 28, 34, 37, 44, 45, 46, 49, 50, 51, 85, 86, 88-89, 90-95, 103, 104, 110-113, 114-115, 141, 142, 143, 244 TE: 68h The First Global Age 5. Describe the characteristics of Maya, Inca, Aztec and Mississippian civilizations including: SE/TE: M14 a. Location b. Government c. Religion d. Agriculture e. Cultural and scientific contributions SE/TE: M14 People in Societies Students use knowledge of perspectives, practices and products of cultural, ethnic and social groups to analyze the impact of their commonality and diversity within local, national, regional and global settings. Cultures 1. Compare the cultural practices and products of the societies studied including: SE/TE: M14, M15, 19, 28, 34, 38, 39, 55, 56, 57, 60-64, 65, 66, 67, 85, 86, 88-89, 90-95, 98-102, 103, 110-113, 114-115, 133, 142, 143, 146-150, 153, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 168, 170, 171, 172, 173, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 190, 195, 196-200, 201, 202, 204-207, 212, 219, 220, 224-228, 229-233, 241, 241, 242, 244 TE: 32h, 68h, 106h, 166h, 208h - 2 -
a. Class structure SE/TE: 28, 91, 92, 113, 133, 184, 185, 212, 219, 225, 226, 228, 242 b. Gender roles SE/TE: 19, 34, 62, 92, 142, 173, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 190, 227 TE: 106h c. Beliefs SE/TE: 38, 39, 55, 56, 57, 60-64, 65, 66, 67, 103, 149, 176, 177, 201, 202, 220, 229-233, 241, 244 TE: 32h, 68h, 106h d. Customs and traditions SE/TE: M14, M15, 34, 85, 86, 88-89, 90-95, 98-102, 103, 110-113, 114-115, 142, 143, 146-150, 153, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 168, 170, 171, 172, 175, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 186, 187, 188, 190, 195, 196-200, 201, 202, 204-207, 224-228, 241, 244 TE: 32h, 68h, 166h, 208h 2. Compare world religions and belief systems focusing on geographic origins, founding leaders and teachings including: SE/TE: 55, 56, 57, 60-64, 65, 66, 116-120, 121-125, 131, 132, 133, 134, 160, 229-233, 236, 239, 241, 242, 283 TE: 106g, 106h Interaction a. Buddhism SE/TE: 121-125, 131, 132, 133, 134, 160 TE: 106h, 124 b. Christianity SE/TE: 64, 229-233, 236, 239, 241, 242 TE: 231, 232 c. Judaism SE/TE: 55, 56, 57, 60-64, 65, 66 TE: 63 d. Hinduism SE/TE: 116-120, 133, 134 TE: 106g, 118, 119 e. Islam SE/TE: 64, 283 3. Explain factors that foster conflict or cooperation among countries: SE/TE: M13, 39, 44, 45, 57, 63, 64, 189, 191, 192, 213, 273 TE: 56 a. Language SE/TE: M13 b. Religion SE/TE: 57, 63, 64 TE: 56 c. Types of government SE/TE: 189, 191, 192-3 -
Geography d. Historic relationships SE/TE: 57, 273 e. Economic interests SE/TE: 39, 44, 45, 191, 213 Students use knowledge of geographic locations, patterns and processes to show the interrelationship between the physical environment and human activity, and to explain the interactions that occur in an increasingly interdependent world. Location 1. Place countries, cities, deserts, mountain ranges and bodies of water on the continents on which they are located. 2. Use coordinates of latitude and longitude to locate points on a world map. SE/TE: M6, M7, M8, M9, M10, M11, M12, M13, M14, M16, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 19, 30, 33, 35, 43, 53, 55, 63, 66, 69, 79, 97, 100, 104, 107, 109, 124, 130, 134, 137, 154, 157, 159, 164, 167, 192, 198, 202, 209, 211, 232, 238, 242, 246, 248, 250, 251, 252, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261 SE/TE: M4, M5, 246-247, 248-249 Places and Regions 3. Explain the distribution patterns of economic activities and how changes in technology, transportation, communication and resources affect those patterns including: SE/TE: M16, M17, 27, 28, 52, 73, 75, 79, 97, 159, 160, 219 TE: 136h a. Agriculture SE/TE: M16, M17 b. Mining c. Fishing d. Manufacturing TE: M17 4. Identify and describe a variety of physical and human regions by analyzing maps, charts and graphs that show patterns of characteristics that define regions. SE/TE: M12, M13, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 33, 35, 43, 55, 63, 69, 79, 107, 130, 137, 154, 167, 192, 198, 209, 211-4 -
Human Environmental Interaction 5. Describe ways human settlements and activities are influenced by environmental factors and processes in different places and regions including: SE/TE: 9, 13, 33, 35, 40, 41, 66, 73, 74, 75, 107, 108, 109, 139, 163, 164, 169, 173, 211, 244 a. Bodies of water SE/TE: 13, 33, 35, 40, 41, 66, 74, 75, 107, 139, 163, 164, 169, 173, 211 b. Landforms SE/TE: 9, 13, 73, 74, 108, 109, 139, 163, 164, 169, 173, 211, 244 c. Climates d. Vegetation e. Weathering f. Seismic activity 6. Describe ways in which human migration has an impact on the physical and human characteristics of places including: SE/TE: M14-M15, 9, 19, 110, 112, 141 a. Urbanization b. Desertification c. Deforestation 7. Describe ways humans depend on and modify the environment and the positive and negative consequences of the modifications including: SE/TE: M1, M16, M17, 19, 21, 24, 40, 41, 74, 112, 139, 140, 141, 221, 222, 280 TE: 68h Movement a. Dam building SE/TE: M1, 24, 74 TE: 68h b. Energy production/usage c. Agriculture SE/TE: M16, M17, 19, 21, 40, 41, 74, 112, 139 d. Urban growth 8. Explain push and pull factors that cause people to migrate from place to place including: SE/TE: M14-M15, 55, 56, 57, 141-5 -
a. Oppression/Freedom SE/TE: M14-M15, 57 b. Poverty/Economic opportunity SE/TE: M14-M15, 56, 141 c. Cultural ties SE/TE: M14-M15, 55 d. Political conflicts SE/TE: M14-M15 e. Environmental factors SE/TE: 56 9. Identify and explain primary geographic causes for world trade including the uneven distribution of natural resources. SE/TE: 28, 44, 75, 96, 97, 158, 159, 160 Economics Students use economic reasoning skills and knowledge of major economic concepts, issues and systems in order to make informed choices as producers, consumers, savers, investors, workers and citizens in an interdependent world. Scarcity and Resource Allocation 1. Explain how the availability of productive resources and entrepreneurship affects the production of goods and services in different world regions. SE/TE: 27, 44, 52, 75, 159, 161, 162 2. Explain that most decisions involve trade-offs and give examples. Markets 3. Explain why trade occurs when individuals, regions and countries specialize in what they can produce at the lowest opportunity cost and how this causes both production and consumption to increase. 4. Identify goods and services that are imported and exported and explain how this trade makes countries interdependent. SE/TE: 25, 52 SE/TE: 27, 52, 75, 159 5. Describe how supply and demand help to set the market clearing price for goods and services and how prices reflect the relative scarcity of goods and services. - 6 -
Government and the Economy 6. Distinguish between goods and services typically produced by the private sector and the public sector. Government Students use knowledge of the purposes, structures and processes of political systems at the local, state, national and international levels to understand that people create systems of government as structures of power and authority to provide order, maintain stability and promote the general welfare. Role of Government 1. Explain reasons for the creation of governments such as: SE/TE: 173, 175, 212, 220 a. Protecting lives, liberty and property SE/TE: 173, 212 b. Providing services that individuals cannot provide for themselves 2. Describe how the world is divided into countries that claim sovereignty over territory, and countries may be further divided into states or provinces that contain cities and towns. 3. Explain the ways that countries interact with each other including: SE/TE: 175, 212, 220 SE/TE: 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269 SE/TE: 191, 192, 193, 213, 214, 219, 240 a. Diplomacy SE/TE: 219 b. Treaties c. International meetings and exchanges (e.g., United Nations) d. Military conflict SE/TE: 191, 192, 193, 213, 214, 240 Systems of Government 4. Describe the defining characteristics of democracies, monarchies and dictatorships. SE/TE: 173, 174, 175, 213, 214-7 -
Citizenship Rights and Responsibilities Students use knowledge of the rights and responsibilities of citizenship in order to examine and evaluate civic ideals and to participate in community life and the American democratic system. Participation 1. Explain how opportunities for citizens to participate in and influence the political process differ under various systems of government. SE/TE: 91, 173, 191, 212, 213, 241 Rights and Responsibilities 2. Compare the rights and responsibilities of citizens living under various systems of government. SE/TE: 91, 173, 174, 175, 212, 241 Social Studies Skills and Methods Students collect, organize, evaluate and synthesize information from multiple sources to draw logical conclusions. Students communicate this information using appropriate social studies terminology in oral, written or multimedia form and apply what they have learned to societal issues in simulated or real-world settings. Obtaining Information 1. Use multiple sources to define essential vocabulary and obtain information for a research project including: SE/TE: 10, 13, 16, 23, 24, 28, 29, 34, 41, 42, 46, 47, 51, 52, 57, 60, 64, 65, 70, 75, 76, 81, 82, 89, 90, 95, 98, 102, 103, 108, 115, 116, 120, 121, 125, 128, 132, 133, 138, 143, 146, 150, 151, 157, 158, 162, 163, 168, 173, 174, 180, 181, 187, 188, 193, 196, 200, 201, 210, 217, 218, 223, 224, 228, 229, 233, 236, 240, 241, 244, 280-287 TE: 11, 12, 15, 17, 19, 22, 25, 26, 27, 35, 38, 40, 43, 45, 48, 49, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 77, 78, 79, 80, 83, 84, 86, 91, 93, 97, 99, 100, 109, 110, 117, 118, 122, 124, 129, 130, 131, 139, 141, 147, 148, 149, 152, 153, 159, 160, 161, 169, 170, 175, 176, 182, 184, 189, 191, 192, 197, 198, 211, 214, 215, 219, 220, 222, 225, 230, 232, 237 a. Almanacs b. Gazetteers SE/TE: 272-273 - 8 -
c. Trade books SE/TE: 204-207 TE: 64, 119, 124, 131, 153, 171, 238 d. Periodicals TE: 79 e. Video tapes SE/TE: 18, 26, 37, 71, 131, 152, 192, 228 f. Electronic sources SE/TE: 13, 21, 39, 51, 75, 87, 125, 132, 150, 162, 173, 193, 223, 240 TE: 40, 79, 97, 120, 127, 131, 132, 143, 153 Thinking and Organizing 2. Analyze information from primary and secondary sources in order to summarize, make generalizations and draw conclusions. 3. Organize information using outlines and graphic organizers. 4. Read and interpret pictographs, bar graphs, line graphs, circle graphs, tables and flow charts. SE/TE: 12, 13, 25, 28, 30, 35, 41, 43, 46, 49, 51, 53, 61, 66, 69, 75, 81, 92, 95, 99, 104, 112, 113, 115, 120, 125, 132, 134, 143, 144-145, 155, 162, 164, 173, 180, 185, 193, 194-195, 200, 202, 215, 217, 223, 233, 235, 240, 242 TE: 50, 64, 119, 124, 153, 161, 192, 222 SE/TE: RW3, RW4, 10, 16, 24, 34, 42, 47, 52, 60, 70, 76, 82, 90, 98, 108, 116, 121, 128, 138, 146, 151, 153, 158, 168, 174, 181, 188, 196, 210, 218, 224, 229, 236, 242 TE: 11, 12, 18, 20, 25, 27, 36, 37, 38, 43, 44, 45, 48, 50, 53, 54, 56, 62, 63, 73, 74, 77, 79, 80, 83, 84, 86, 92, 99, 100, 110, 111, 112, 117, 118, 123, 124, 131, 140, 141, 142, 147, 148, 149, 152, 154, 159, 160, 161, 169, 171, 172, 175, 176, 177, 179, 182, 183, 184, 185, 190, 191, 192, 197, 199, 211, 213, 214, 219, 220, 222, 226, 227, 231 SE/TE: RW4, RW5, 10, 15, 16, 24, 25, 26, 42, 47, 49, 51, 54, 60, 70, 76, 78, 82, 90, 93, 98, 116, 121, 127, 128, 134, 138, 146, 151, 153, 168, 176, 181, 188, 190-191, 196, 199, 210, 213, 224, 229, 234-235, 236, 237 TE: 14, 39, 88, 94, 101, 174, 218, 232, 238, 239 Communicating Information 5. Complete a research project that includes a bibliography. 6. Communicate a position on a topic orally or in writing and support the position with evidence. SE/TE: 13, 21, 39, 51, 75, 87, 125, 132, 150, 162, 173, 193, 223, 240, 244 TE: 15, 40, 63, 79, 97, 100, 102, 120, 127, 131, 132, 143, 153, 215, 220, 232 SE/TE: 13, 23, 28, 30, 41, 46, 51, 57, 64, 66, 75, 81, 89, 95, 102, 104, 115, 120, 125, 132, 134, 143, 150, 157, 162, 164, 173, 180, 187, 193, 200, 202, 217, 223, 228, 233, 240, 242 TE: 221-9 -
Problem Solving 7. Work effectively to achieve group goals: TE: 10, 39, 41, 51, 59, 72, 73, 75, 86, 92, 100, a. Engage in active listening TE: 10, 39, 41, 51, 59, 72, 73, 75, 86, 92, 100, b. Provide feedback in a constructive manner TE: 10, 39, 41, 51, 59, 72, 73, 75, 86, 92, 100, c. Help establish group goals TE: 10, 39, 41, 51, 59, 72, 73, 75, 86, 92, 100, d. Take various roles within the group TE: 10, 39, 41, 51, 59, 72, 73, 75, 86, 92, 100, e. Recognize contributions of others TE: 10, 39, 41, 51, 59, 72, 73, 75, 86, 92, 100, Reference: http://www.ode.state.oh.us/academic_content_standards/acssocialstudies.asp#social_studies_academic_content_st andards - 10 -