Zimmerman AP Biology CBHS South Name Chapter 7&8 Guided Reading Assignment 1) What is resolving power and why is it important in biology? 2) How does an electron microscope work and what is the difference between a scanning and transmission electron microscope? 3) Describe the process and purpose of cell fractionation. 4) Label the prokaryotic cell below list structure and function. 5) Why is surface area to volume such an important concept as it applies to the size of a cell? 6) For each of the structures below note the specific structure and the function of the organelle or part of the organelle. The important concept is to note how the specific structure allows for the specific function to be accomplished. Nucleus 1
Nuclear envelope Nuclear lamina Chromosomes Chromatin Nucleolus Ribosomes Endoplasmic reticulum Smooth ER Rough ER Golgi Apparatus Lysosomes Vacuoles Food Contractile 2
Central w/tonoplast Endomembrane system overall Mitochondria Mitochondrial matrix Cristae Plastids Amyloplast Chromoplast Chloroplast thylakoids stroma peroxisomes 3
cytoskeleton pay careful attention to the details in this section microtubules centrosomes and centrioles cilia and flagella include basal body dynein walking 4
microfilaments actin myosin pseudopodia cytoplasmic streaming intermediate filaments Cell walls Primary cell wall Middle lamella Secondary cell wall 5
Chapter 8 Cell Memranes 1. Extracellular matrix 2. Collagen 3. Proteoglycans 4. Integrins 5. What are intercellular junctions and why are they important? 6. Contrast plasmodesmata, tight junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions. 7. What does selective permeability mean and why is that important to cells? 8. What is an amphipathic molecule? 11) Describe the freeze fracture technique and why is it useful in cell biology. 6
12) How is the fluidity of cell membrane s maintained? 13) Label the diagram below for each structure briefly list its function: 14) List AND EXPLAIN the six broad functions of membrane proteins. 15) How do glycolipids and glycoproteins help in cell to cell recognition? 16) Why is membrane sidedness an important concept in cell biology? 7
17) How has our understanding of membrane permeability changed since the discovery of aquaporins?!8) What is diffusion and how does a concentration gradient relate to passive transport? 19) Why is free water concentration the driving force in osmosis? 20) Why is water balance different for cells that have walls as compared to cells without walls? 21) Label the diagram below: 22) What is the relationship between ion channels, gated channels and facilitated diffusion write 1-2 sentences using those terms correctly. 23) How is ATP specifically used in active transport? 24) Define and contrast the following terms: membrane potential, electrochemical gradient, electrogenic pump and proton pump. 8
25) What is cotransport and why is an advantage in living systems? 26) What is a ligand? 27) Contrast the following terms: phagocytosis, pinocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis. 9