0 T -: UY TUTU TUT TY T T T TW TW 0 W W TT TW W W TT TW > W W TT W < W > W < W W > T W TW W T T TT T WT Y U U TY T T TY T imitations apply in each case. efer to Table - and the standard for each structure for details. refers to inspection shafts. refers to maintenance shafts. refers to maintenance chambers. refers to maintenance holes. ll of them are collectively referred to as maintenance structures. * These structures may be used where there are base connections or larger shaft connections (as per Table 0-) into a permanent dead end. aintenance tructure ocation nd election uide: When selecting the location and type of maintenance structures, utilize the following process:. elect all the locations where a maintenance structure will be required.. elect the smallest possible maintenance structure for each location in accordance with Table - and.. heck compliance to the maximum spacing limits as per Table -.. dd in extra structures as required to meet maximum spacings. ocate to remove bends and locate centrally if practical.. heck that there are no s in private property if WW or. hange the maintenance structure type or location if required.. lter maintenance structure type to meet the max spacing limit. hange structures to s with the following order of preference:.. argest number of sewer main inflows... argest number of inflows (property service or retic). TUTU * * * Y T 0-, W-- to 0 T - T - T - T W--0 T 0- & T 0-, U 0- T 0-, U 0- U 0- T 0- W -0 W--0 T 0-, W-0 to 0 T -: T TUTU X UT TUTU WT TUTU TY / W TY X, or VT TY 0m or or, or, or, or or or U VT TY U VT TY U 00m 00m 0m 00m 0m or (+TT TUTU) < W m > W m s are not allowed in private property for WW or.. arger inflow mains... eeper structures... reater inflow angles... uture etic or property connections are likely... Where greater network storage might be required (rather than building storage downstream).. Where possible, shallow structures should be s or s to avoid the need for squat or truncated maintenance holes.. aintenance structures larger than the minimum (which is typically specified in the design) are allowed provided:.. There is no interference with other assets, adequate clearances are obtained and the structure will be entirely contained within the easement or allocated space... oncrete corrosion risks are assessed and covered by the designer (where concrete maintenance holes are to be used) as per W--0 and Table 0-. T - T TUTU TT T T T T T T T. T. T. T. VT W W--0 T 0 W--0 W--0 W--0 T W--0 T W--0 T T Z 0 T 0 >0 & <000 >000 ~00 00 00 X T T WT m m m m f UT g UT g UT g X Z UTW X. TT W 0 h 0 0 00 a b b d d X 0 a T W T W (X x 0 (X x 0 (X x (X x.t T W T W T W + x ) + x ) + x ) + x 0) W T W T W T W T W T W 00 T W (X 0 T W x 00 + x 0) (X x 0 + (X x ) (X x 0 T W (TT TU Y) x ) + x ) (X x X T W T W (TT TU Y) + x ) (X x. T W T W T W T W T W + x 0) W 00 / 0 T W T W T W T W T W 00 / T W T W T W T W T W T W 00 00 / 0 T W T W T W T W T W T W T W T W T W T W T W T W (TT TU Y) T egarding Table -: a. nly property service connections may connect into the shafts of s. b. There is a risk that shaft inflows may deposit solids on to the base that will not be removed by base inflows (which will eventually block the sewer). haft inflows shall therefore only be installed where there is a base inflow with > equivalent lots connected. c. o two adjoining s or s shall both contain internal bends >0 (as the line in between would not be able to be TV'd). nstead, install a straight base / at one of the /s and fix to it an external long radius bend. roperty onnections to aintenance tructures:. aximise the number of properties connected to maintenance structures, especially where property connection jump ups (the section of riser pipe) would be > m tall.. Typically, aintenance tructures will connect to at least one property.. "where practicable" in the following means that it can be done without the sewer main having to be lowered.. Where a maintenance structure is within a lot or adjacent to a lot, that lot shall connect to the aintenance tructure where practicable.. Where a lot is within m of a aintenance tructure, the vertical clearance between the property connection pipe and sewer main > 000 and where practicable, the lot shall connect to the aintenance tructure. efer igures - and. d. xternal drop inflows are considered to be base inflows. e. ll listed structures may be installed in trafficable and non trafficable locations.the limits of maintenance holes of different sizes has been estimated on the basis of common scenarios. The size of a maintenance hole required for a situation may need to be confirmed through a detailed design as per W--0. f. epth limitations apply to prefabricated s. efer manufacture's installation instructions for details. g. aintenance holes have a minimum depth, refer to Table -. h. inspection shafts are only to be used at end of line in industrial commercial areas. onnections to xisting aintenance tructures Where a reticulation connection is to be made to an existing, or plastic, the designer must verify by as-constructed records that the base arrangement is able to receive a connection. Where as-constructed details are unavailable, the structure must be inspected as part of the design to confirm its suitability. nstructions for connection must be shown on the design drawings. f the base arrangement of an existing, or plastic does not allow for a new connection, the structure must be replaced or the connection must be made at a different point along the sewer. efer to W--0 for connections to existing concrete s.. therwise, the lot may connect to the sewer main. efer igures -, and.. Where the property connection pipework is located above the sewerage main, compacted granular backfill / may be used between the two mains. mbedment is not required around the upper property connection.. oth ends of property connections shall be located outside of driveways where practicable.. ocate maintenance structures outside of the driveway where practicable, otherwise, locate in the center of the driveway.. ocate on the side of the driveway which minimises the angle of any road crossing sewerage pipe (where a road crossing is required). U -: T TUTU T T TY U U T T T T TUTU 00 or 000 TY T T T TUTU W U U WU V > 000 T U -: Y T WT TY T T W W U U < 000 T U -: T Y T WT W T TY T T T TUTU W U U WU V > 000 T U -: T Y T WT T TT 000 000 <m TY T T W W T > m T TUTU U -: T TT WT U T T 00 TT ~000 U -: T T TT WT U T T T >0 W T TUTU TY T ("U U")- U. TY T TUT T mm U TT TW W 0 T T T 0/0/ / / T U T U 0/0/ / T / / V -U T T 0/0/ / T / / T V : W: : WW W.... X. W T T: T: V: WW W U 0 V. UT. T UY 0 UY 0. 'V T U T WT W W T T TUTU T, T T T T T T W-- lanning esign onstruction 0
T 0-: TY T TY, TT TUT U TY TY UT T T WT T UT (rawing W--0) TY (rawing W--0) TY (rawing W--0) TY (rawing W--0) TY (rawing W--0) T (U U). 0 T UT. T T T T T W ' TUT U T nly for connections which control (or almost control) the sewer main's level. roperty connection may drown (flood) in wet weather. ay or may not be an obstruction above property connection aximum depth of connection's point shall be 00. or connections where: i) the connection's point is on the other side of an obstruction from the sewer main. ii) the obstruction controls (or almost controls) the sewer main's level. iii) the lot's control level permits a riser pipe to be fitted on the lot's side of the obstruction. 00 0 0 T T TZ U & UU VT T V T T U % T X / 00 T T TU T UT TV V WV. T T W T WT 00 T V ~0 TUT Y T V 0 T W U, -TT V W' T 0 0 00 X deg 0 / T T 00 0 0 0 X 00 X 00 X 00 X 0 X 0. T: UY 0. W: : T: UY 0 : T V: WW. WW U T U 0/0/ / T / / W. X W -U T 0/0/ / T / /. W T TZ T + 0 deg VT T 0-: T TZ T T 0 0 0 W V TZ T 00 0 0 00 T 00 0 00 T T 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 U 0-: T UT (T VW) 00 0 0 00 0 00 0 to 0 0 00 T 0-: T T T T TT 0 T T T TT 00 or connections where: i) the connection's point is on the other side of an obstruction from the sewer main. ii) the obstruction's level enables a higher connection to the sewer main (to prevent flooding / drowning of the connection). iii) the lot's control level permits a riser pipe on the lot's side of the obstruction. or connections where: i) the lot is at the end of the sewer main. ii) the lot's control level permits connection to a riser at the end of the sewer main. m of property connection pipe work. T T TT 0 0 T U 0-: TY T 00 otation example: (main size) x 00 (connection size). hould the property connection be longer than m, an ises include a provision of 0 for the fall required for up to additional fall shall be taken into account. ewerage main's invert at connection shall be < 000 deep. Trafficable refers to all paved areas. tem. standard bag cement (kg) to wheel barrow of (0.m) required per inspection shaft cover. ix thoroughly prior to placement. o cement shall be visible once mixed. tem. ocate top of shroud inside surround within 0 to 00 of. ocate screw cap within shroud / cover within 0 to 0 of. tem. n nature strips, set cover above surrounding ground. n backyards and open reserves, set cover 0 above surrounding ground. n paved areas, set cover flush with pavement. tem. or, refer to cover for as per igure 0-. or connections where the lot's control level permits a riser pipe to be fitted. T egarding Table 0-: onnection's point shall be < 00 deep where possible. T egarding igure 0- items: 0 to 0 or connections where: i) the lot's control level enables a higher connection (to prevent flooding / drowning of the connection). ii) the lot's control level is not high enough for a riser. ay or may not be an obstruction above the property connection. 0 X 00 > X 00 > 0 X 00 > 0 X 0 > 0 X 0 > 0 X 00 > 0 X 00 > X 00 > X 0 > X 0 > 0 0 X 00 > 0 X 00. T TT X 00. T TT X 0 > 0 X 0. T TT T (U U). T UT. 0 0 X 00 = 0 to X 00 = to 00 X 00 = 0 to 0 X 0 = 0 to X 0 = 0 to 00 0 X 00 = to 0 T WT X 00 = to 0 X 00 = 0 to 0 0 T X 0 = to 0 UT X 0 = 00 to 0 0 X 00 > 0 (U U) X 00 > T X 00 > 0 X 0 > 00 X 0 > 0 U 0- : T T U T (T VW) V U 0 U T WT UT VU 0 0. m (/ W W) 00 0. m ( W W) 00 0. m ( W W) T kg (/ ) 0 kg (/ ) 0 kg ( ) ix % cement to embedment material thoroughly prior to placement. o cement shall be visible once mixed. lace under and behind bend. ot required above the bend. T T W W T TY T T W. UT. 'V. T TUT T 0 T egarding igure 0-: T V W--0 lanning esign onstruction
0 U 0-: TY TY T T T T TT U 0-.m or m U 0-: T TT X T = m U 0-: TY TY T (T VW) <.m T. X T =.m T 0-: TY T T TUT (T VW) TY. T VT TY T (T T T UT) TUT W VT T TY. WT T T TY T(), T VT TY T (T T T UT) TUT W T. 0 00 UY.m or m VT T T UT ( ) VT T T UT ( ) U 0-: T T TT U 0- W-- TT.m or m.m U 0-: Y T T 0-: T (in pproximate rder of onstruction) T T T T T V T W--0 TUT TYY V WV W--0 U UT V WV / W--0 deg 0 deg V WV. V WV. TYY - TYY - TY T T () V WV. V WV. Y T 0. Z, T T 0- WT Y T W V WV. T T U deg deg V WV. V WV. - - T UT. Z T T TUT TYY -. Z T T TUT UT U T TZ V WV. V WV. U 0- Z T T TUT Z T T TUT W T V WV. T T U W U T T / UT U 0- T W. T. Y VTY T U dditional otes egarding Table 0- items: tem. ties and ffsets, refer Table 0- and Table 0-. U 0-: Y T (T VW).m U 0-: T Y T.m TUT W T T (T U) TY T T mm U TT TW U T U 0/0/ / T / / V -U T T 0/0/ / T / / T V : W: : WW W.... X. W T T: T: V: WW W U 0 V. UT. T UY 0 UY 0. 'V T U T WT W W T (TY ) TY T T W. T T T T W--0 lanning esign onstruction 0
0 U 0-: TY TY T T T T 00 UY TT.m or m X T = m U 0-: TY TY T (T VW) <.m T. X T =.m Type roperty onnection ptions: ew connections to existing or jump up shafts are permitted provided: a. There are no more than connections to the shaft in total. b. The new connection's length is extended by less than m to get to the shaft (compared to the length it could be if it were to connect to a sewer). c. onnection to the shaft is as per W--0. roperty connections may cross over an obstruction only when: a. The obvert of the obstruction is low enough, and b. The obstruction is or will be too low to enable a connection below the obstruction (while achieving minimum clearance), or c. The property connection is to cross over an existing obstruction to connect to an existing sewer. U 0- : U U X U (T VW) mm U TT TW U T U 0/0/ / T / / V U 0-: T TT U 0-: T T TT U 0-: Y T W-- -U T TT.m or m T.m or m.m U 0- U 0- U 0-: T Y T 0/0/ / T / / T.m or m.m V : W: : WW W T 0-: U0- T (in pproximate rder of onstruction) T T T T T TUT V T TYY V WV W--0 W--0 U UT V WV / W--0 0 deg deg TY T deg W T V WV. V WV / V WV. V WV. TYY -. Z T T TY T -. Z T T TY T Y VT T 0 ( T) T V WV. WT Y T W V WV. deg deg UT T T U W T V WV. V WV. T TZ V WV. V WV. V WV. / - - T UT. Z T T TUT TYY -. Z T T TUT W T U U. U 0- Z T T TUT Z T T TUT T T U W U T T / UT U 0- T W. T. Y VTY T U.... X. W TUT W T T (T U) TY T ("U U". U) TY T T T T: T: V: WW W U 0 V TY '' T + 0,. UT. T UY 0 UY 0. 'V T U T WT W W T "U U" (TY ) TY T T W & T T T T W--0 lanning esign onstruction 0 TY T dditional otes egarding Table 0- items: tem. ize as per Table 0-. tem. ties and offsets as per Table 0- and 0- T T egarding Table 0- tems: lexible arrangement required when riser of 00 property service is greater than 000 high. tem. tem T. U 0- : U T U T 0-: U 0- T T T T 00 X U 000 00 T TYY V, V WV U WV + 0 X U TYY V, et expansion coupling at maximum length et swivel at 0 deg and expansion at minimum length T egarding igure 0-: o pipework required in the vertical jump up, ie: fittings directly connect. tem. Use a - 0 bend instead of the - bend typically required when pipe is installed in the jump up.
0 U 0-: TY TY T T T T U 0- TT.m or m U 0-: TY T (T VW) U 0-: Y T WT (T VW).m or m <.m T. X T =.m U 0-: T TT TT U 0-: T T TT U 0-: Y T W-- 00 UY.m or m.m.m U 0-.m U 0-: T Y T.m or m.m TUT W T T (T U) TY T ("U U". U) TY T TUT T TY '' T > U or dditional otes egarding Table 0- items: tem /. Use tem and orientate as per igure 0-, unless the lot is setting the level of the sewer main, in which case use tem. tem. ize as per Table 0-. tem. or ties and offsets, refer Table 0- and 0-. > U > U Type roperty onnection ptions: ully construct Type property connection to the point of connection unless the conditions described in W-- allow otherwise. ew connections to existing or jump up shafts are permitted provided: a. There are no more than connections to the shaft in total. b. The new connection's length is extended by less than m to get to the shaft (compared to the length it could be if it were to connect to a sewer). c. onnection to the shaft is as per W--0. roperty connections may cross over an obstruction only when: a. The obvert of the obstruction is low enough, and b. The obstruction is or will be too low to enable a connection below the obstruction (while achieving minimum clearance), or c. The property connection is to cross over an existing obstruction to connect to an existing sewer. T 0-: T (in pproximate rder of onstruction) T T T T T V T W--0 TUT TYY V WV,, W--0 U UT 0 V WV / V WV. V WV. V WV. W--0 TYY -. TY U T.. TYY -. TY U 0 T.. TYY -. Z T T TY T TY T deg W T V WV. V WV. Y VT T 0 ( T) TT T 0 deg TUT T V WV. Z T T TY T W V WV. Z T T TY T deg deg V WV. V WV. - - T UT. Z T T TUT TYY -. Z T T TUT UT T TZ U 0- U W T V WV. V WV. Z T T TUT T T U W U T T / UT U 0- T T eg:,, WT T T UTT UT T W. T. Y VTY T U mm U TT TW U T U 0/0/ / T / / V -U T T 0/0/ / T / / T V : W: : WW W.... X. W T T: T: V: WW W U 0 V. UT. T UY 0 UY 0. 'V T U T WT W W T T "U U" (TY ) TY T T W & T T T T W--0 lanning esign onstruction 0
0 T 0-: T T T T T T T W T T T () ( ') < m 000 / 00 00 00 0 (0) 0 (0) 00 00 00 TW m & m 000 / 00 00 00 00 00 00 election and pecification. ll acceptable options (ie:, plastic, concrete) which are suitable shall be specified for in the design template.. ach shall be specified in accordance with the schedule (standard W--00).. lan view designs shall be provided in the design in accordance with standard W--0.. ef column Table 0-. Wall thickness to be 0 if concrete is not reinforced. Wall thickness to be > than the larger quoted thickness if reinforced concrete (value in brackets). This is to ensure clear cover can be achieved.. refabricated s may be subject to depth limitations. efer to products portal for all limitations of use.. ituations of use of s are described in W--.. ll quoted depths are to outflow pipe invert. 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 0 0 0 0 0 T 0-: T TT T T W X T T T a c 000 / 00 00 00 00 00 00 0 0.m m m.m.m.m mm/ m T mm/ m T 0 mm/ m T mm/ m T 0 mm/ m T mm/ m T 0 oncrete einforcement (if required):. s shall be concrete cast in situ with shaft reinforcement only where the Water gency advises that the is subject to surcharge conditions. therwise, reinforcement is not required.. einforcement shall be specified in the schedule of the design template (refer standard W--00) and as per Table 0-. 0. einforcement shall be placed as per standard W--0 (ie: horizontal hoops at 00 spacing, vertical bars at spacing).. Undertake specialized structural design for s deeper than m or s greater than 00 in diameter to determine what reinforcement (if any) is required. T egarding Table 0-: ouyancy ontrol a. lotation mitigation shall be provided when the depth to invert of the outflow pipe exceeds the value specified in column of Table 0-. b. lotation shall be mitigated by extending the base diameter. c. or every meter in depth below the depth limit, increase the base diameter by the value given in Table 0-. d. s, s and prefabricated s do not require flotation mitigation unless the manufacturer's installation instructions or the product web portal specifies it. ouyancy ontrol xamples xample a: m deep00 diameter requires no flotation mitigation. xample b: m deep 00 diameter requires a x 0 = 0 addition to the base diameter. xample c:.m deep 00 diameter requires no flotation mitigation. xample d:.m deep 00 diameter requires a x 0 = 0 addition to the base diameter. U 0-: T V UTW VT T T TT W UTW VT (T ) W VT X : W, UTW. UT T V Y T. T (0) XU Z (ie: ( - ) V X U UTT 0)- UTW VT UTW VT UTW VT UTW VT U VT T X : T W. X T (0) & T T T T X : W & UTW. UT T V T < 0. 0. T W X : X, XT T T 0. W UT T V T > 0 W VT W VT X : X, XT UTW T U W WT T (0)- T VT T U T VT- VT T egarding igure 0-. Where possible, projected obvert levels of inflow and outflow pipes to match (to restrict flooding of upstream pipes). rop through chase shall be < 0 + (outflow Ø - inflow Ø). g: (from eg ): 0 drop. 0-(-) = 0. rop. Where outflow sewers <, provide adequate fall through the chase: in 0 change in invert for bends < 0 & straight through. in 0 change in invert for bends > 0. Where outflow sewer >, maintain lowest connecting sewer grade through the chase. VT 0 0 0 W VT 0 T 0-: T TY V W < >0 (W) TY UT T WT V W T WT W W-- WT Y >0 (WW TT T TW WT Y. or ) T XT W--. T egarding Table 0-: drops are required where the difference in invert level between the incoming and outgoing sewer mains is greater than the minimum height of a drop (refer Table 0-). Where the required drop is less than the minimum, evenly grade the sewer back to the nearest upstream maintenance structure. f this leads to the maximum grade being exceeded or the line has already been constructed, contact the Water gency for advice. T 0-: T, T & T (m) YT YT W VTX Z () Z () (m) + + U + U + 00 00 0. to 0 0 to 0 >0 0 00 0. to.. to. >. 0 0. to to >. to.. to. >. 0 00.... to to. T - to 0. to to to >0 > > > 0. to > 0 0. to > >0 UT WT Y V T egarding Table 0-. Whether a system is open or closed shall be determined in accordance with W--0.. or an example of a plain drop with bottom bend, refer W-- & igure -.. or an example of a plunge pool, refer igure - &. lunge pools may also be designed with internal drops. ontact the Water gency for advice on any such structure.. ontact the Water gency for requirements of vortex drops.. lunge pool depth = min + (drop height - min drop required for plunge pool) x rate of depth increase. eg: m drop of an open incoming 0 sewer = 0 + ((-.) x 0) =. or drops to bends (rather than to plunge pools), care must be taken to avoid high velocity sewage jumping out of the chase and over the table. This risk is diminished where:.. ends direct sewage to the outlet... The drop flow has a minor change in direction within the... The drop flow intersects a relatively large flow.. lunge pool depth shall be from the W of the outflow sewer. T 0-: T T W (< T) U ( T T) T YU ( X & T Y), or U XY V VY T ( T). UT WT Y W T U T UT. ost comparison between internal and external drop can be based on the difference in concrete volume between the two different drop types which depends largely on the depth and diameter of the two different types. The water agency will decide the optimum type based on cost and operational risk factors. to 0 to to to to T - VTX + U >0 > > > > > > > > > = U T (> T) T TU TT T T / T T egarding Table 0-: The Water gency will indicate the risk level to be applied to concrete s. ydrogen sulphide risk assessments may be calculated in accordance with W--0. atural ventilation shall be implemented as per drawings W--0 & 0. oatings and linings shall be prepared, applied and tested as per the W 0- election and pplication of rotective oatings anual. alcium luminate cement mortar, whilst an effective rehabilitation system, is not suitable on new concrete surfaces (which are too smooth). + 0mm / m + 0mm / m 0 + 0mm / m 0 + 0mm / m 00 + 0mm / m 0 + 0mm / m 0 + 0mm / m 00 + 0mm / m TT WT Y mm U TT TW U T U 0/0/ / T / / V -U T T 0/0/ / T / / T V : W: : WW W.... X. W T T: T: V: WW W U 0 V. UT. T UY 0 UY 0. 'V T U T WT W W T T UT T T W--0 lanning esign onstruction 0
0 etailed aintenance ole esigns equired When: The designer is required to produce a scale plan view drawing for concrete s with the following:. iameter >00, or. or more incoming sewers, or. or more drops, or. drop >, or. ewer intersection offset from centre, or. landing, or T 0-: T T VW UT: UT UT UT T T T ( : T Z) U TWY VT W Y VT WT m T V T & UT T T T T T T UT T W-- W-- T T T, Z W Y WT UT U T T + x W T T W U, XT T T UTT TT VT TT W U. T VT V T VT & T T X 0 T T T T U Y, X 0 T W W T U Y T / T V X 00 V T U T T T > m ( or WW) >m (W) T T T U W VT V TY W >.m V T V TT. T W-- W T (XT) T TT XT T UT TY TT V T T T TT W VT T ' W T T T TT T W T W W TV T UTW W U TT T T T T T T T T TT. T T TT (V T ' T) V UT ( W) T U. > W W T > W UT ( ) TT X UT XT T TT XT T TY T. Y T T T XT ' U T Z XT T T T T U XT T T egarding Table 0- items: tem. Where practicable, ensure that neck of lies either completely inside or completely outside of a paved surface. aintain min 00 clearance between outline of neck and any pavement edge. ocate ladder / step irons where neck and shaft internal diameters intersect. tem. efer Table 0- for details. tem. ne standing area shall be directly in front of the ladder / step irons. tem. Where possible, ladder shall be located to allow standing plank access to all high level sewers. standing plank spans a ladder's rung to a step iron on the other side of shaft. efer mrwa-s-. tem. ominate level & position. efer standard W-- for details. tem. ocate 00 below centre line of high level entry into shaft. tanding plank position shall be indicated. 0 wide. ot a permanent fixture. rought on site as required. pans from a ladder / step iron rung to a step iron on the other side of the.. ew connections are being made to an existing. n the case of, the scale plan shall show existing details and the proposed modifications necessary to ensure structural integrity while achieving the requirements outlined below. xisting s should be inspected as part of the design process to ensure that they are suitable for connection. tem. ocate opposite and at the same level as a ladder / step iron rung. tem T. ax anglular deflection within a chase is 0. aximum angle of incidence of a high level sewer to the shaft wall shall be from perpendicular. ny greater angular deflection shall be accommodated using a bend external to the. tem V. uter radius shall be inner radius + inflow pipe. ll curves shall be tangential to both the inflow and outflow sewers. Tangent curves shall be contained within the inner shaft circumference. ngular deflection of a chase is limited to 0. xternal bends are preferred to increasing a 's size to provide for more angular deflection within the. tem W. referred that a chase from a drop pipe be at > to the outflow. tem X. tem Y. : T T T T W TT xternal bends shall be as per W--0. learance equal to the diameter of the drop pipe is required from a drop pipe to any ladder, other drop pipe or other fixture. = W (ie: ) : T T T T =00 T UT T >000 = W =.0 > T T =00 U 0-: X. WT T XTT TT T UT T >000 =.0 T UT T >00 0 =.00 =.00 =.0 0 > =. 0 =.00 =.0 0 =.0 0 0 =.0 T >00 T T =00 =.0 XTT. V =. : T T XTU T U 0-: X. WT U T 0 0 XTT TT U 0-: X. WT XT XT T TT Y W T + T 0 0 U T T W =.0 XT + =.0 : T T : T T XTT TT 00 T V = ~. XTU T. >00 > XTU T. T V = ~. & ~0. mm U TT TW U T U 0/0/ / T / / V -U T T 0/0/ / T / / T V : W: : WW W.... X. W T T: T: V: WW W U 0 V. UT. T UY 0 UY 0. 'V T U T WT W W T T T T T T W--0 lanning esign onstruction 0
0 T. TUT. : W-- T T : W-- & W-- : : W-- T oncrete:. ll concrete shall be unless stated otherwise.. concrete shall be normal class as per W.. 0 concrete shall be special class with exposure classification to W- 00.. oncrete aggregate shall be < 0mm.. The wall thickness(s) specified in Table 0- is the minimum.. Where required, slump testing shall be undertaken by the Water gency as per 0. lump shall be 0 to 0mm.. oncrete cure heat shall be controlled to prevent early age shrinkage cracks. This shall be done by:.. imiting the thickness of concrete (at base etc) to < 00 thick,.. imiting the temperature of the concrete to < c,.. ontrol the risk of early age cracking for concrete sections > thick by:... urchasing a low heat mix from the concrete supplier, &... Use water curing to ensure a humid atmosphere and avoid drying of concrete, &... cheduling thick additions of concrete for early in the morning... n addition, control the risk of early age cracking for concrete sections > thick by:... onitoring the temperature of a placement of each configuration of thick concrete and confirming the temperature rise is acceptable, &... Using chilled water / aggregate where temperature will likely be excessive. oncrete lacement:. oncrete ormwork to 0.. ll concrete shall be placed within 0 minutes of being mixed. 0. nce mixed, additional water shall not be added.. oncrete shall not free drop >.m.. alling concrete shall not contact reinforcement (this is required to prevent segregation).. xposed concrete shall be kept wet (ie: cover in plastic / wet hessian) for > days.. xternal formwork not required (unless specified otherwise) but wall & base concrete thickness shall not exceed 00.. oncrete must be free of voids. vibration probe shall be inserted to 00 below the underlying layer surface at intervals < or of zone of influence of the probe, whichever is less. ess than 00 high of concrete shall be added between vibration events. oncrete ost lacement:. nternal finish to class finish (0).. ackfill only after 0% of nominal concrete strength achieved (ie: min hours).. ormwork may be removed after hours provided structure is not loaded until 0% nominal concrete strength achieved.. oncrete shall be rejected if it is: porous, segregated, honeycombed, or contains surface defects / cracks > 0.mm... epair defects < mm with low viscosity epoxy... epair defects > mm with epoxy mortar. 0. day drying shrinkage cracks shall not exceed 00 microstrains. teel einforcement:. einforcement shall be as per /Z :.. hape,.. trength grade 00a,.. uctility class.. end, cut, splice and fix reinforcement steel as per 00.. ll reinforcement shall have > clear cover.. ll reinforcement mesh shall be unless stated otherwise. ottom reinforcement layer shall be > from slab bottom. eparate reinforcement layers using high reinforcement spacers / chairs.. haft reinforcement bar size as per the design schedule.. haft horizontal hoops (rings) to be placed centrally at 00 separation.. haft vertical bars to be placed centrally at separation.. oop, bar and mesh to overlap as follows:.. mesh- 00 overlap,.. bar- 00 overlap,.. bar- 00 overlap, and.. 0 bar- 0 overlap... verlap and fix reinforcement bars of base to vertical bars in shaft. W--0 U 0-: T T T egarding references:. recast concrete s require water agency approval.. ifferent shaft materials shall not be used, ie: the same material shall be used between base and top of shaft.. Where specified as acceptable in the design, prefabricated s (eg: plastic or s) may be used provided:.. The assembly is lisetd as acceptable in the products portal... n entire integrated assembly from base to surface is being used... The manufacturer's installation arrangements are followed.. Where no suitable products are listed by the water agency, cast in situ concrete s shall be constructed. WT T ( U) U U T T UY TT T T. T T TT T T ( V / ) V / ( ) U 0-: T TUT T T T W UT Y U T egarding oncrete onstruction oints:. aximum height between construction joints shall be 00.. Water stops to be placed centrally around perimeter of construction joints when:.. The joint is deeper than m, or.. Where geotechnical information indicates that the construction joint is below the water table, or.. round conditions during construction indicate that the construction joint is below the water table... Waterstops shall have an overlap of 00.. astic construction joints may only be used between shafts and flat tops (refer igure -).. oncrete construction joints shall be constructed in the following way:.. ower section shall cure for min hours before next pour commences... Within hours of the next pour,... cabble the upper surface to expose aggregate, removing > deep of material, or... etard the cure in the top of the lower pour (using chemical treatment, eg: preco-h) when placed and then high pressure water clean off soft surface within hours of the next pour... emove all debris from surface with a stiff brush or compressed air (if scabbled)... Within hours of the next pour, wet the surface (without ponding water).. pply concrete bonding agent or cement slurry (cement : sand. <0 thick) to the surface... our next section to a maximum height of 00 (if practicable)... nstall water stop centrally around top of placement while wet in accordance with the manufacturer's requirements (if required)... Wire restrain water stop to reinforcement (if present) to hold in the vertical position. mm U TT TW U T U 0/0/ / T / / V -U T T 0/0/ / T / / T V : W: : WW W.... X. W T T: T: V: WW W U 0 V. UT. T UY 0 UY 0. 'V T U T WT W W T T TUT UT T T W--0 lanning esign onstruction 0
0 eneral otes: oncrete and reinforcement as per drawing W--0. or s containing an internal drop, refer to drawing W-- for TY XTT T additional requirements. or s containing an external drop, refer to drawing W-- for U XTT T additional requirements. >Y ( T 0-) T 0-: T T T T VT Z 00 00 <m 00 00 00 00 00 00 TW 00 m& 00 m 00 00. W W Z (T ) 0 0 0 0 0 X = W TU 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0 0 0 T (T ) - 00-00 - 00-00 - 00 0-00 0-00 x (0-00) * Z = T 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 U 0 T 00 T egarding Table 0- * Two layers of reinforcement required in this case. Where base reinforcement is to consist of bars, orientate one set of bars in one direction at 00 spacing and one set of bars at 0 to this direction also at 00 spacing. ases at a depth > m require 0 concrete. U 0-: TY (T VW) T 0-: T T T UT ( W) T T T UT T W W > T T T T / T T T T T T TV U > 00ka T T 0- U 0- T UT V T T 0- T W UT YTY UT T T. 0 U > Ø T WT T 0-. T WT T X ( T 0-) >Y ( T 0-) tem. tem. tem. tem. tem. base shall not be laid onto compacted materials. Where over excavation occurs, for s > m deep and for s >Ø00, place base onto > 0 of blinding concrete, poured immediately after excavation. Use 0 concrete to construct bases which have external drops or are > m deep. ast base, nib wall and pipe connector supports in one piece. ut out any part of pipe connectors which protrude within inner diameter of the. >Z ( repare top of nib wall surface in accordance with igure 0-. T o not insert dowels within 00 of horizontal alignment of pipe. nsert to depth X as per Table 0-. 0-) nverted "U" shaped dowels with both ends inserted into the base concrete is an acceptable alternative to straight bar. alf as many bars would be required in such cases. Z () 0 0 / > 00 U 0-: TY (T VW) U Y U 0 U T T 0 U U T T T T T T UT UT ~ U 0-: V T (T VW) U 0-: T (T VW) T T. T UT. T > x Ø. T UT.. T: UY 0. W: : T: UY 0 : mm U TT TW T V: WW. WW U T U 0/0/ / T / / W. X W -U T 0/0/ / T / /. W V T T V U 0 U Y U T Y 00 0 0 U T T to x Ø T U Y U T T T Y T U UT : efer Table U 0-: T (T VW) T UT. U T WT U 0-: T (T VW) T T. T to x Ø. T T W W T T T T TUT. UT. 'V. T W--0 lanning esign onstruction V 0 U 0 U U (W ) UT T 0-: T T T >00 T Ø U 0-: TY ( VW) T >Y ( T 0-) > X ( T 0-) T T egarding Table 0- tems: Ø 0
0 UT UT V T > T TT T 0 WT U UT UT UT T TT T Ø XY T T ( T.) Ø/ U -: T > W 00 T T T UT T T T / / T V / / ( ) T / / V WV (&) V WV (&) U + V WV (&) UT T T TT T T V WV TT XY T T T ( ') V / () W V WV / / T T / / / T / /.. T V T T / T V T U T T W--0 T T, W--0 U 0- T 0- TT T T UTT W 0 T VTY. Z T - U + 0, TY T U - UT T U 0- T 0- U T V XY T T ( T.) W--0 W-- U T UT T & U Y T T W T U -: T T V W WT W. T: UY 0. W: : T: UY 0 : mm U TT TW T V: WW. WW U T U 0/0/ / T / / W. X W -U T 0/0/ / T / /. W T T V U 0 U T WT UT T U W X T VU T T - T TY. XY T T ( T.) T -: T W T TT TT Ø/ TT T Z T 00 00 00 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 00 00 inimum drop represents the minimum difference between the of the incoming sewer and outgoing sewer that can be achieved using conventional fittings.. T T T T TUT 0 T T W W T W--. UT. 'V U -: T T W T V U U ll < components shall be V WV, not cemented in place. ll components shall be V WV. ll components shall be or V WV. ll > components shall be. re-fabricated s may have internal drop options. nstall as per products portal conditions. tem. hase for drop pipe shall be straight if the base is concrete. urved or base chases are acceptable locations to receive drop pipes. lug the entry point of any prefabricated chase used to receive dropped flows. tem. poxy or cement mortar behind bend if concrete base. o not enclose bend so that it cannot be easily replaced. f or base, ensure drop pipe is vertical and drops the high level flow directly into a prefabricated chase. nstall bottom of bend above the chase by drop pipe Ø /. ngle drop bend so that it is in line with the direction of the chase at that position. tem. efer igure -, &. Where grade of incoming high level sewer is > in 0, refer to igure -. tem. ne support bracket per 00 rise. nly one required below top bend if < 00 drop. nstall directly under a socket if possible (provided the bracket hole is 00 clear of any other penetrations) so that the bracket can support the vertical weight of the pipework. tem. Wall penetration to be between 0 and 00 larger in diameter than the outside Ø of the connecting pipe. mooth cut penetration is not acceptable. tem. it end of socket flush with inside wall of. tem. step iron is to be placed directly across the from a ladder rung at ~.m height below the center of the high level sewer. ot required for drops <.m. rill holes in set concrete and install step iron using epoxy as per the manufacturer's specification. T T T egarding Table - items: U -: T 00-0 W W UTU UT UT W ("U") T -: T (V WV ittings escribed) V 00 0 T U -: T T ( VW) lanning esign onstruction
0 T -: T (in pproximate rder of onstruction) T T UT UTW T 0 U TUT T T / T V VW U V U T W T T T T T T 0 T TYY TY UT / T TY UT / T T T 0 () TYY T XY T TY UT / T, XY T T 0,.. V T U >r T W W--0 W W--0 U 0 to U > Ø. U - U - W W--0 T W W--0 T U Ø T 0- U 0 to UT T U W0 U T U 0- T T T T W U - W W-- T U T UT T U 0 r 0 U = = U / W 0 r r ~ > T T egarding Table - tems: tem. ender cut out surface to the required finished dimensions, ensuring that the surface is smooth and free of surface defects. select and apply render as per W0. tem. repare entire surface where drop pipe encasement will contact the shaft external wall. xternal drops not permitted by W. The dimensions and encasement reinforcement provided are suitable for high level sewers <. or high level sewers >0, a specific structural design shall be undertaken. r tem. ntire base (below walls & drop pipe encasement) to be cast as a tem. owels to be inserted in pairs, one on both sides of the drop pipe as indicated in igure -. single block. nsert at 00 height intervals (between base and top of teel reinforcing mesh to extend to from perimeter of entire encasement). base. xtend to from perimeter of drop pipe concrete encasement Where base under the drop pipe is of a lower profile, bend mesh and to from shaft inner wall. as indicated. rill Ø holes into the shaft wall concrete when >0% concrete lternatively, construct base to the same depth (ie: so that thicker strength achieved. than minimum under shaft). ir pressure clean holes and epoxy bars into shaft wall. tem. atch obvert of outflow pipe with soffit of plunge pool chamber, tem. step iron is to be placed directly across the from a ladder allowing for minimum drop through. rung at ~.m height below the center of the high level sewer. tem. upport connector with concrete encasement to min Ø/ around not required for drops <.m. the connector. rill holes in set concrete and install step iron using epoxy as per tem. ut out of wall for high level overflow to be no more than 0 larger the manufacturer's specification. than the required dimensions. tem. nstall as per W0- selection and application of protective haft penetration(s) required for ventilation system integration to coatings manual. be constructed in the same manner. = T W T r= U > 00 W UTW W > r 0 V >r W UT W T UT U W + U W >r T 0- U -: TUTU (T VW) T W TY T = U / W. r = U. > >r U -: XT T WT U W. T: UY 0. W: : T: UY 0 : mm U TT TW T V: WW. WW U T U 0/0/ / T / / W. X W -U T 0/0/ / T / /. W V T T V U 0 U -: WT T (T VW) U -: TUTU ( VW) U T WT W--. UT. 'V. T T T XT TUT V T T W W T T 0 lanning esign onstruction
T -: T TUTU V UT TY TUT U V V WY,, / T * U UT VWY, V, U T * V UT T U T * TT, T VWY T * U TU T ( V) Y V UV VT TY Y 0 V 00Ø T W >00 0 x 0 U T T s WT > 0 & UT WT T TUTU UT-T / UU * oncrete infill covers may not always be available for s. Where none of the suppliers have concrete infill covers available, solid top covers may be used. TUT <00 Ø (WT T U) > 00 Ø U T VT T T W > 00 T T W /W 00 & 00 T T W< 00 T T T X T T WT T T T T T T TT T WT Y V 00 rease all metallic mating surfaces. Where the cover level is above the /, grade the surrounding surface level at in to the edge of frame. nsure area around cover is free draining to ensure water does not pond over the cover. olt down covers shall be installed in accordance with the code. covers may utilise any approved cover at any location. aximum slope of in in non-trafficable areas. aximum slope of in 0 in trafficable areas. T -: T T (n pproximate rder of onstruction): 00 T T T T VT TT VT / T V T 0. 00 00 00 00 00 00 T T T T T W--0 T U T T T TT U T TT UT T T TYY V WV U 0- T 0- V UT T WT T. T TY, W-- T - / / XY / V etc U. W W--0 T < 00 T U T described in this section. tem. nner and outer formwork required. o construction joints in the cone or neck allowed. Thickness as per shaft. tem. our the neck to finished surface level with frame tem. held in the correct location within the concrete. eck thickness same as shaft. Top surface shall be flat to class finish (0). ngle to match the finished top surface. tem. Vent penetrations should occur in a vertical section tem. of the cone wall, behind the ladder, >00 away from ladder wall brackets. enetration shall be between 0 and 00 larger than U -: T (on Trafficable rrangement with Vent escribed) X / T T T W TT U -: T T T T ( VW) T -: T T T WY ( VT) T WY T / T T T / 00 00 00-00 0 00 00 0-00 0 00 0 0-00 0 00-00 0-00 0 00-00 0-00 0 00-00 = U Y T T ( T -) to 0 T > > > UTY T 0 W T T T W U T T T UTY U T T () T W T V UT T x x 00 T VT T TU V V UT T / XY / V etc the vent pipe Ø. mooth cut penetration is not acceptable. Vent pipe requires continual grade to the manhole so that it drains. eal gap between vent pipe & penetration with epoxy or cement mortar, ensuring there are no gaps or voids. et top of frame as per Table -. rames in non trafficable areas to have a maximum slope of in. atter back the surrounding ground where necessary to achieve a greater slope. tep irons, ladder rungs or stiles shall not protrude into the neck (applies to both conical and flat top s).. T: UY 0. W: : T: UY 0 : mm U TT TW T V: WW. WW U T U 0/0/ / T / / W. X W -U T 0/0/ / T / /. W V T T V U 0 00 to 0 (Ø00 V) 00 to 00 (0 x 0 V) T, T - U -: T T (Trafficable rrangement escribed): ove slab into position when concrete has achieved > 0% strength (ie: days). olt down if known to surcharge. tem. oop shall overlap mesh / bars as much as possible. ix to mesh / bars at all intersections. tem. nstall as per manufacturers requirements in consideration of top slab weight. U T WT tem. ocate centrally. nsert 0 and protrude min 00. tem. Where shaft reinforced, reinforce neck with -0 reinforcing hoops (Ø00 if Ø00 cover, Ø00 if 0 x 0 cover). verlap 00. tem. et top of frame flush with the top of the paved surface. T T W W T T T T T TUT. UT. 'V. T W-- lanning esign onstruction V T W--0 T. U T ZT T U T 00% UTY Y. U - U T T T U (T / T) Y U - T - U - T - T TY T T T 0, 0, 0 & 0 T T T W WT T 0, 0, 0 & 0. UT W U. > 0 T T. T TY T T U - & TUT Y T. VT T T T T T - U. T V / ( T T egarding Table - items: oncrete and reinforcement as per W--0. U) W nlet sewers shall not connect into shaft within 00 of top slab. tem. rior to mastic placement, prime surfaces of shaft and flat top as recommended by the mastic supplier. U -: T TUT T tem. Use inner and outer formwork. T T 0 0 T T T T 00 (if 00Ø cover) or 0 (if 0 x 0 cover) T -: T (n pproximate rder of onstruction): T T Ø00 () 00Ø V Ø00 () 0 x 0 V X T TT T T egarding Table - tems: oncrete as per drawing W--0. nlet sewers shall not connect into the conical part of. ote that vents may also connect to flat top s as tem. Ø00 00Ø V Ø0 0 x 0 V >0 >0 (Ø000 ) >0 (Ø00 ) >Ø00 00Ø V >Ø00 0 x 0 V T -: T TUT TY T egarding overs: deg 0
TW 0 T TW 0 0 T T T or x X > 00 T T, UT & W T >00 T UTU TUT 00 to U - (T VW). TT U / T T TU T < 00 TT T W U - TT T U - nstallation otes:. adders, step irons and landings to be constructed of (or better) ( & finish class ), or plastic encapsulated steel (..). adders shall:.. or mass produced prefabricated ladders, comply with the manufacturers instructions. f there is insufficient instruction, comply with the requirements described in this drawing... etractable stanchions not required unless there is electrical or mechanical equipment inside the... ot be built with cages... ave rungs spaced between 0 and apart... onsist of a continuous vertical run from top to bottom with no overhangs or offsets... e fastened at the top, base (table) and at intervals <.m as per igures -, &... e no closer to the wall than 00... e clear of the neck & a max of 00 from. WT U U T T W x 0 T T T V T U Ø=0 U U XT T W U - (T VW) V U T ~ or x X T, UT & W T U - (T VW). T ( or ) x (00 to 0) T T. tep irons shall be:.. nly used in maintenance holes < m deep... nly used with cast in situ maintenance holes... ast into the wall where practicable... ligned vertically... qui-spaced ( + - )... lear of the neck... aximum of 00 from top surface level.. andings shall be:.. nly installed for maintenance holes > m deep (WW / ) or > m deep (W)... qui-spaced between table and surface... nstalled >m above the table... equire if > m deep to table... nstalled to facilitate maintenance of high level entry sewers if practical. "depth" is height from table to surface. or x X T, UT & W T TW 00 0 T U - or U - ( T VW). U - ( VW). T W T T T egarding racket nstallation: a. or mass produced prefabricated ladders, use only the brackets provided or recommended by the manufacturer. b. or ladders, brackets are to be located midway between rungs. c. rackets may fold outwards rather than inwards. T ( or ) x (00 to 0) X TU T U - (T VW) X T TU U Ø=0 T T., x 0 T T TW T WT W TUTU UT 0±0 T W 0 or x X T, UT & W T T e igures - & :. nstall fasteners min clear of any construction joint.. nstall as per manufacturers instructions.. tep : drill hole to required depth and diameter (as per manufacturers instruction).. tep : clean out hole (using air pressure). or igure -:. tep : insert adhesive capsule.. tep : insert threaded rod and spin.. tep : wait for adhesive to set (nominally 0 mins).. tep : tension nut. or igure -:. nsert compression bolt.. Tension nut. Ø = WT + U -: T UT T < T XY T U. T 0. W T., x 0 T T T U - or T egarding rop ipe upports: a. ocate clamps immediately below sockets where practical. b. inimum one clamp required per pipe length / pipe fitting at a maximum spacing of 00 c. ll brackets, clamps and fasteners shall be constructed from to finish.. lamps and brackets to be constructed of min 0 x flat bar. d. or supports for drop pipes >, refer W drawing :.0.0.. TW 00 0 T TW 00 0 T T TU T U - (T VW). T TT T egarding andings: nly approved pre-fabricated landings may be used. ll maintenance holes requiring landings shall be > - 00Ø. nstall step iron, vertically aligned, adjacent to the ladder, 000 above the landing. andings shall not impede upon the ladder climbing space allowance. upport structure to be welded to finish. rackets may be packed up to 0mm where fitted to the wall. anding to be wide and a snug fit to the concrete wall. Where a landing can be located to enable work to be performed on a high level entry sewer, it shall be located 00 down from the centre line of the sewer. n such cases the landing shall be wide. 0 x 0 x V 00Ø W 00 00 / U - ( VW). YUT T ( ) - T egarding tep rons: ast step irons into concrete if practicable. therwise install as per the manufacturer's instruction, nominally ensuring: rill Ø holes at the required width. emove dust using air pressure. pply epoxy liberally to drilled holes. ammer in step irons at the corners (ie: not centre of rung). o not use until epoxy has cured. 000 T T U - or T 0 x 0 x V U - (T VW). TUTU mm U TT TW U T U 0/0/ / T / / V -U T T 0/0/ / T / / T V : W: : WW W.... X. W T T: T: V: WW W U 0 V. UT. T UY 0 UY 0. 'V T U T WT W W T T Y TUTU TT T T W-- lanning esign onstruction 0