Avj-Aveivi The Monthly AL-ABRAR

gvwmk Avj-Aveivi The Monthly AL-ABRAR iwr: bs- 145 el -2, msl v-5 Ryb2013Bs, ire-kvevb 1434wn:, R ô 1420evs cöwzôvzv I cöavb c ô cvlk dk xûj wgjøvz gydzx Ave`yi ingvb (`vgvz evivkvzzûg) cöavb m úv`k gydzx Avikv` ingvbx m úv`k gydzx wkdvqvzzjøvn kwdk wbe vnx m úv`k gvijvbv wiriqvb idxk Rgxivev`x mnkvix m úv`k gvijvbv gynv ` Av bvqvi nvmvbb weávcb cöwzwbwa gynv ` nv kg mvkz jkb g v brvi gvi: bvwmi DÏxb wewbgq: 20 (wek) UvKv gvî cöpvi msl v : 10,000 (`k nvrvi) hvmv hvm m úv`bv `dzi gvikvhyj wdkwij Bmjvgx evsjv `k eøk-ww, dk xûj wgjøvz iyx, emyüiv Av/G, XvKv dvb: 028402091,028845138 B gbj :monthlyalabrar@gmail.com I qe : www.monthlyalabrar.com www.monthlyalabrar.wordpress.com m úv`bv welqk Dc `óv gydzx Rvgvj DÏxb gydzx Gbvgyj nk Kv mgx gydzx gvng~`yj nk gydzx gynv ` mynvbj gydzx Avãym mvjvg gvijvbv nviæb gydzx idxkyj Bmjvg Avj-gv`vbx gydzx RvÕdi Avjg Kv mgx m~pxcî m úv`kxq... 2 cweî Kvjvgyjøvn _ K... 4 cweî mybœvn _ K... 7 `i m wdkn... 9 gydzx kv n` ingvbx nhiz nvi`~qx (in.) Gi Ag~j evyx... 13 gviqv q h dk xûj wgjøvz... 14 Òwmiv Z gȳ ÍvKxgÓ ev mijc_-11... 19 gvijvbv gydzx gbm~iæj nk Djvgv q Kiv gi `vwqz I KZ e... 23 gvijvbv Aveyj Kv mg b~gvbx Kvqv Uvg g_w-14... 30 gydzx kixdzj AvRg nhiz _vbfx (in.)-gi ivr bwzk wpšívaviv-1. 34 gydzx gynv ` ZKx DQgvbx Bgvg Avey nvbxdv (in.)... 41 gvijvbv Ave`yj gwr` wrávmv I kiqx mgvavb... 44 gvevbj: cöavb m úv`k:01819469667, m úv`k:01817009383, wbe vnx m úv`k:01191270140 mnkvix m úv`k: 01855343499 weávcb cöwzwbwa: 01711803409 mvkz jkb g v brvi : 01831740540 gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 1

m úv ` Kx q Ò auvkv L qv bv- I `i BwZnvm c ovó Aaybv we k gymwjg D vn Øxwb Ges RvMwZKfv e h AatcZb I µg AebwZi wkkvi Zvi bwri wbku AZx ZI cviqv hvq bv D vn hlb ag xq PZbvq D¾xweZ wqj, `viqvz Bjvjøvn, mr Kv Ri Av `k I Amr Kv R wb la Ges gvby li Øv i Øv i Avjøvni n`vqvz cuš Q `Iqv BZ vw` `vwqz cvj b m PZb wqj ZLb GB D Zi mvgwmök Rxeb wqj mymw¾z evisevi wewfbœ ivr bwzk we RZv K GB D Z `viqvzx grvr, ZvejxMx Póv Kz kk Ges iƒnvbx-ava vwz K kw³i gva g civwrz K i Q Ges Zv `i KI Øx bi Lv ` g iƒcvšíwiz Ki Z mÿg n q Q Gi úó bwri ZvZvix Ges gs jx m úà vq hviv Bmjvgx ivóª Ges AveŸvmx LjvdZ K bv Íbvey` K i `Iqvi wkqzw`b cib Bmjvgx `viqv Zi cöfv e Bmjv gi Qvqv Z j AvkÖq wb q wq jb ZvivB Dmgvbx Ges ZvBg~ix bv g cuvpkzvwak eqi Bmjvg Ges gymjgvb `i SvÐv eyj ` iv Lb hlb _ K gymjgvbmy `viqvzx wgkb Ges mwvk ag xq PZbv _ K cðv`cmvwiz n q Q, AvZ g~j eva, gšwjk `vwqz cvjb I ag xqfv e mgmvgwqk Pvwn`v c~i Y e _ n q wb R `i K Ab vb RvwZi g ZvB GKwU mvaviy RvwZ wn m e g~j vqb K i Q ZLb _ KB GB D Zi wech q Avi nq ZLb _ KB ` j ` j wewfbœ RvwZi Bmjvg Key ji aviv iæ n q hvq eis cy iv D Z K Avjm Zvi Nyg c q e m gymjgvb `i AvKx`vMZ w`k `ye j n q c o Avgj-AvLjvK I Pwi Î cpb a i D Zi AvZ gh v`v eva, Cgvbx PZbv I Øxwb `vwqz ev a welyœzv Ges `viqvzx kw³i wb ÍRZv GB wekvj Kvbb K øvb I wqbœwfbœ K i `q gymjgvb `i G nb D`vmxbZv Ges nxbgb Zvi d j cy iv gymwjg wek bz Z I KZ Z k~b n q c o GgbwK Bj g beex _ KI ewâz nq GB RvwZ hvi Kvi Y cy iv gvbewe k i bz Z Ggb GK RvwZi KivqË nq hviv bv Avjøvn P bb, bv Av LivZ gv bb bv Av Q Zv `i G jvi cöwz byb Zg wek vm Zviv ïayb RvMwZK wel qb wek vmx, m ú~y iƒ c e ev`x m cvðv Z i gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 2 e ev`x I Zv Zx wpšív- PZbvq iwpz nq `ywbqvi me cökv ii bevwe Z Ávb-weÁvb ez gv b mviv c w_ex cvðv Z i ivr bwzk Ges gb ÍvwZ K bz Z i Aax b eo cwizv ci welq n jv, cvðv Z i Ávb-weÁvb, wpšív- PZbv, ^fve-pwiî, ivrbxwz-mgvrbxwz, A_ bxwz- jb `bmn gvby li Rxe bi cö Z KwU welq Ges Zvi mv _ m ú ³ hvezxq wkÿv cy ivcywi e ÍZvwš KZvi DciB cöwzwôz GgbwK cvðv Z i ag xq wpšív- PZbv Ges Z_vKw_Z Ava vwz K bxwz-av`k I e Zvwš KZvgy³ bq d j Ava vwz K ÿgzv Ges Mv qex kw³i weiæ vpviyb AvaywbK hy Mi g~j wgk b cwiyz nq nhiz mvjgvb b`fx (in.)-gi fvlvq Ò mky jvi wkÿvi AvenvIqv Zv Z I cvðv Z i Ggb welev ú Qwo q `q, hvi Kvi Y Øxb, AvKx`v Ges Avgjmn gvbezvi cö Z K welq gyg~l y Ae vq cwzz nq hlv b mvgvb Zg ag xq wpšívaviv RvMÖZ Av Q, e vck msmq, m `n mlvbkvi fwel r K msk U d j w` q Q BD iv ci Zvnhxe ZvgvÏyb Ges ivr bwzk bxwz-av`k GLb Avgv `i gymwjg ivóªmg~ ni g Wj Avgv `i ivóªmg~n cvðv Z i Abymi YB wpwîz Avgv `i bvix mgv Ri mvg b Bsj vû I d«v Ýi bmœ Av`k I c` vnxbzvb g~j Av`k Avgv `i becör b i Kv Q bvp-mvb, wpë-we bv` bi bv g envqvcbv, evwn K cvkvk cwi Q` I PvjPj b cvðv Z i g WjB hb mdjzvi me P q eo Dcvq Avgv `i AvaywbK wkÿv BD ivwcqvb wec`mvgx I MvgivnxiB cöwzg~wz Avgiv ïayb hb Zv `i AbymiYB Rvwb Avgv `i AšÍ i hlb D P mf Zv I ivóªÿgzv Z_v ivr bwzk wpšív Av m, ZLb Avgv `i mvg b cvðz ivrbxwz I Av` k i GK GKUv welqb f m Av m GB ev ÍeZv Avgv `i mvg b Av m bv, Bmjv gi ivr bwzk wpšívaviv, K w KvjPvi I ZvnRxe-ZvgvÏyb m ú~y B ^Zš -cy ivcywi wfbœ Ó gvu K_v gymwjg D vn hfv e wbr ^ ZvnRxe ZvgvÏyb, wkÿv-mvs wz _ K cðv`vcmvwiz n Z P j Q, Bmjvgx

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cweî Kvjvgyjøvn kixd _ K D PZi Zvdmxi M elyv wefvm : gvikvhyj wdkwij Bmjvgx evsjv `k wgõivrybœex (mv.) : mswÿß Av jvpbv cig cweî I gwngvgq mëv wzwb, whwb ^xq ev `v K ivwî ejvq ågy Kwi qwq jb gmwr ` nvivg _ K gmwr ` AvKmv ch ší hvi Pviw` K Avwg ch vß eikz `vb K iwq hv Z Avwg Zv K Kz`i Zi wkqz wb`k b `wl q w`b wbðqb wzwb cig köeykvix I `k bkxj Zvdmx ii mvi ms ÿc : cweî m mëv, whwb ^xq ev `v gynv ` (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) K ivwî ejvq mdi Kwi q Qb gmwr ` nvivg (A_ vr KvÕevi gmwr`) _ K gmwr ` AvKmv (A_ vr evqzzj gykvïvm) ch ší hvi Avkcv k (G wdwjw Í b) Avwg ag xq I cvw_ e eikzmg~n i LwQ ag xq eikz GB h, mlv b eû msl K cqmv ^i mgvwnz i q Qb Ges cvw_ e eikz GB h, mlv b evm-evwmpv, b`-b`x, SY v I dm ji cövpzh i q Q gvu K_v, m gmwr` ch ší we qkifv e GRb wb q MwQ, hv Z Avwg Zv K ^xq Kz`i Zi wkqz wb`k b `wl q w` Z cvwi Zb a wkqz msl Ki m úk Zv ^qs m RvqMvi mv _ D`vniYZt GZ `xn c_ Lye Aí mg q AwZµg Kiv, me cqm ^ ii mv _ mvÿvr Kiv Ges Zv `i K_vevZ v kvbv BZ vw` Avi wkqz msl Ki m úk ciez x ch v qi mv _ hgbñ AvKv k hviqv Ges mlvbkvi AZ vðh e mg~n cwi`k b Kiv wbðq Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv me kövzv me `ªóv h nzz wzwb ivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi K_v ïb Zb Ges Ae v `L Zb, ZvB Zv K GZ`m ú ³ we kl ˆewkó I m vb `vb K i Qb Ges Ggb ˆbKU w` q Qb, hv KD jvf K iwb Avbylw½K ÁvZe welq : Av jvp Avqv Z wgõiv Ri NUbv ewy Z n q Q, hv Avgv `i ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi GKwU we kl m vb I ^Zš g~jk gyõwrhv kãwu avzz _ K D Z Gi AvwfavwbK A_ : iv Î wb q hviqv Gici kãwu úóz G A_ dzwu q Zz j Q kãwu e envi K i Gw` KI Bw½Z Kiv n q Q h, mgmö NUbvq m ú~y ivwî bq eis ivwîi GKUv Ask e wqz n q Q Avqv Z DwjøwLZ gmwr ` nvivg _ K gmwr ` AvKmv ch ší mdi K Bmiv ejv nq Ges mlvb _ K Avmgvb ch ší h mdi n q Q, Zvi bvg wgõivr Bmiv AKvU AvqvZ Øviv cögvwyz n q Q Avi wgõivr m~iv br g D jøwlz i q Q Ges A bk gyzviqvwzi nv`xm Øviv cögvwyz m vb I MŠi ei Í i kãwu GKwU we kl cöggqzvi cöwz Bw½Z enb K i Kbbv, Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv ^qs KvD K ÔAvgvi ev `võ ej j Gi P q eo m vb gvby li Rb Avi n Z cv i bv nhiz nvmvb `njfx PgrKvi e j Qb- A_ : Zvgvi ev `v nvmvb Zv kz gy L e j _v K h, Avwg Zvgvi ev `v Zzwg Zvgvi wb Ri gy L GKevi e jv bv h, Avwg ZvgviB `vm Avjøvni Zid _ K ev `v `i cöwz Giƒc m ^vab GKUv AZzjbxq gh v`v hgb Ab GK Avqv Z e j ^xq gkeyj ev `v `i m vb e w Kiv jÿ i q Q G Z Av iv Rvbv Mj h, Avjøvni cwic~y ev `v n q hviqvb gvby li me e nr Y Kbbv, we kl m v bi Í i ivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi A bk Yi ga _ K `vmz YwU D jøl Kiv n q Q G kã Øviv Av iv GKwU eo DcKvi mvab jÿ Zv GB h, AvMv Mvov A jšwkk NUbvewj Z c~y GB mdi _ K Kv iv g b Giƒc aviyv m wó bv n q hvq h, G A jšwkk EaŸ vkvk åg Yi e vcviwu GKwU Avjøvni Yi Ask we kl hgb Cmv (Av.)-Gi AvKv k DwÌZ niqvi NUbv _ K wlª vb RvwZ auvkvq c o Q ZvB (ev `v) kã e j e ³ Kiv n q Q h, Gme Y, Pig civkvôv I gyõwrhv m Ë I ivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) Avjøvni ev `vb, wzwb Avjøvn ev Avjøvni Kv bv Askx`vi bb ^kix i gõivr KziAvb nv`xm I BRgv Øviv cögvwyz : Bmiv I wgõiv Ri mgmö mdi h ïay AvwZ K wqj bv, eis mvaviy gvby li md ii g Zv ˆ`wnK wqj, G K_v KziAvb cv Ki e³e I A bk gyzviqvwzi nv`xm Øviv cögvwyz Av jvp Avqv Zi cö_g k ãi g a Gw` KB Bw½Z i q Q Kbbv, G kãwu Avðh RbK I weivu wel qi Rb e eüz nq wgõivr hw` ïay AvwZ K A_ vr ^cœrm Z msnwuz n Zv Z e Zv Z Avð h i welq Kx Av Q? ^ cœ Zv cö Z K gymjgvb, eis cö Z K gvbyl `L Z cv i h, m AvKv k D V Q, Awek vm eû KvR K i Q kã Øviv Gw` KB wøzxq Bw½Z Kiv n q Q KviY, ïay AvZ v K `vm e j bv, eis AvZ v I `n Df qi mgwó KB `vm ejv nq G Qvov ivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) hlb wgõiv Ri NUbv nhiz D nvbx (iv.)-gi Kv Q ey bv Ki jb, ZLb wzwb civgk w` jb h, Avcwb Kv iv Kv Q G K_v cökvk Ki eb bv cökvk Ki j Kvwdiiv Avcbvi cöwz Av iv ewk wg_ v ivc Ki e e vcviwu hw` gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 4

wbqk ^cœb n Zv, Z e wg_ v ivc Kivi Kx KviY wqj? AZtci ivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) hlb NUbv cökvk Ki jb, ZLb Kvwdiiv wg_ v ivc Kij Ges VvÆv-we`ªæc Kij GgbwK, KZK bigymwjg G msev` ï b ag Z vmx n q Mj e vcviwu ^ cœi n j GZme ZzjKvjvg KvÐ NUvi m vebv wqj wk? Z e, G NUbvi Av M Ges ^ cœi AvKv i Kv bv AvwZ K wgõivr n q _vk j Zv Gi cwicš x bq Avqv Z msl vmwiô Zvdmxiwe` `i g Z ( ^cœ) e j ( `Lv) evsv bv n q Q, wkš G K kã Øviv e ³ Kivi KviY GB n Z cv i h, G e vcviwu K iƒck A _ ejv n q Q A_ vr Gi ` óvší Ggb, hgb KD ^cœ ` L cÿvší i hw` k ãi A_ ^cœb biqv nq, Z e GgbwUI Am e bq KviY, wgõiv Ri NUbvwU ˆ`wnK niqv Qvov Ges Av M wksev c i AvwZ K A_ vr ^cœ hv MI n q _vk e G Kvi Y nhiz Avãyjøvn Be b AveŸvm Ges nhiz Av qkv (iv.) _ K h ^cœ hv M wgõivr niqvi K_v ewy Z i q Q, ZvI h_v v b wbfz j wkš G Z kvixwik wgõivr bv niqv cögvwyz nq bv Zvdmxi KziZzex Z Av Q, Bmivi nv`xmmg~n me gyzviqvwzi bv vk G m ú K 20 Rb mvnvexi iiqv qz D Z K i Qb Ges Kvhx Avqvh kdv MÖ š Av iv we ÍvwiZ weeiy w` q Qb Bgvg Be b Kvmxi ^xq Zvdmxi MÖ š Gme iiqv qz c~y iƒ c hvpvb-evpvb K i ey bv K i Qb AZtci 25 Rb mvnvexi bvg D jøl K i Qb, hv `i KvQ _ K Gme iiqv qz ewy Z n q Q bvg jv GBÑ nhiz Igi Be b LvËve, Avjx gz vrv, Be b gvmd`, Avey hi wmdvix, gv jk Be b QvÕQv, Avey ûivqiv, Avey mvc`, Be b AveŸvm, kvïv` Be b AvDm, DevB Be b KvÕe, Avãyi ingvb Be b Kzh, Avey nvbq v, Avey jvqjv, Avãyjøvn Be b Igi, Rv ei Be b Avãyjøvn, ûhvqdv Be b Bqvgvb, eyivq`vn, Avey AvBqye Avbmvix, Avey Dgvgv, mvgyiv Be b Ryb`ye, Aveyj nvgiv, mvnvbe iægx, D nvbx, Av qkv, Avmgv web Z Avey eki (iv) Gici Be b Kvmxi e jb- wgivr m ú K me gymjgv bi HKgZ i q Q ïay ag `ªvnx bvw ÍKiv gv b bv wgõiv Ri mswÿß NUbv Be b Kvmx ii iiqv qz _ K : Bgvg Be b Kvmxi ^xq Zvdmxi MÖ š Av jvp Avqv Zi Zvdmxi Ges mswkøó nv`xmmg~n we ÍvwiZ ey bv Kivi ci e jb, mz K_v GB h, bex Kixg (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) Bmiv mdi RvMÖZ Ae vq K ib, ^ cœ bq g v gvkviigv _ K evbzzj gvkvïvm ch ší G mdi evivk hv M K ib evqzzj gvkvïv mi gmwr ` cö ek K ib Ges Kejvi w` K gyl K i `yõivkavz Zvwnq vzzj gmwr` bvgvh Av`vq K ib AZtci wmuwo Avbv nq, hv Z wbp _ K Dc i hviqvi Rb avc evbv bv wqj wzwb wmuwoi mvnv h cö_ g cö_g AvKv k, AZtci Aewkó AvKvkmg~ n Mgb K ib G wmuwowu Kx Ges wkiƒc wqj, Zvi cök Z ^iƒc Avjøvn ZvÕAvjvB Rv bb B`vbxsKv ji A bk cökvi wmuwo c w_ex Z cöpwjz i q Q ^swµq wjd Ui AvKv i wmuwoi Av Q GB A jšwkk wmuwo m ú K m `n I wøavi KviY bb cö Z K AvKv k mlvbkvi d ikzviv Zv K Af _ bv Rvbvb Ges cö Z K AvKv k m mg Í cqmv ^im Yi mv _ mvÿvr nq, hv `i Ae vb Kv bv wbw` ó AvKv k i q Q D`vniYZt lô AvKv k nhiz g~mv (Av.) Ges mßg AvKv k nhiz Beivnxg (Av.)-Gi mv _ mvÿvr nq AZtci wzwb cqmv ^im Yi vbmg~ni AwZµg K i hvb Ges GK gq`v b cuš Qb, hlv b fvm wjwc jlvi kã kvbv hvw Qj wzwb wm`ivzzj gybzvnv ` Lb, hlv b Avjøvn ZvÕAvjvi wb ` k ^ Y i cörvcwz Ges wewfbœ i Oi cörvcwz wewÿßfv e QvUvQzwU KiwQj d ikzviv vbwu K wn i i LwQj GLv b ivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) nhiz wreivcj K Zuvi ^iƒ c ` Lb Zuvi Qq kz cvlv wqj mlv bb wzwb GKwU w`mší ewóz meyr i Oi idid `L Z cvb meyr i Oi Mw`wewkó cvjwk K idid ejv nq wzwb evqzzj gvõgyii ` Lb evqzzj gvõgy ii wbk UB KvÕevi cöwzôvzv nhiz Beivnxg (Av.) cövpx ii mv _ njvb w` q Dcweó wq jb GB evqzzj gvõgy i ˆ`wbK mëi nvrvi d ikzv cö ek K i wkqvgz ch ší Zv `i c~ye vi cö ek Kivi cvjv Avm e bv ivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) ^P ÿ RvbœvZ I `vhl cwi`k b K ib m mgq Zuvi D Zi Rb cö_ g câvk Iqv ³i bvgvh dih niqvi wb ` k nq AZtci Zv n«vm K i cuvp Iqv³ K i `Iqv nq G Øviv me Bev` Zi g a bvgv hi we kl iæz I köôz cögvwyz nq AZtci wzwb evqzzj gvkvïv m wd i Av mb Ges wewfbœ AvKv k hme cqmv ^ ii mv _ mvÿvr n qwqj ZuvivI Zuvi mv _ evqzzj gvkvïv m AeZiY K ib Zuviv hb Zv K we`vq m ^a bv Rvbvevi Rb evqzzj gvkvïvm ch ší AvMgb K ib ZLb bvgv hi mgq n q hvq Ges wzwb cqmv ^im Yi mv _ bvgvh Av`vq K ib muv mw`bkvi dr ii bvgvhi n Z cv i Be b Kvmxi e jb : bvgv h cqmv ^im Yi Bgvg niqvi G NUbvwU Kv iv Kv iv g Z AvKv k hviqvi c~ e msnwuz nq wkš evn Z G NUbvwU cöz vez bi ci N U Kbbv, AvKv k cqmv ^im Yi mv _ mvÿv Zi NUbvq G K_vI ewy Z i q Q h, nhiz wreivcj me cqmv ^im Yi mv _ Zuv K cwipq Kwi q `b BgvgwZi NUbv cö_ g n q _vk j GLv b cwipq Kwi q `Iqvi Kv bv cö qvrb wqj gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 5

bv G Qvov md ii Avmj D Ïk wqj EaŸ RM Z Mgb Kiv Kv RB G KvRwU cö_ g m i biqvb AwaKZi hyw³m½z g b nq Avmj KvR mgvß niqvi ci me cqmv ^i we`vq `v bi Rb Zuvi mv _ evqzzj gvkvïvm ch ší Av mb Ges wreivc ji Bw½ Z Zuv K mevi Bgvg evwb q Kvh Z Zuvi bz Z I köô Z i cögvy `Iqv nq Gici wzwb evqzzj gvkvïvm _ K we`vq bb Ges eviv K miqvi n q AÜKvi _vk Z _vk ZB g v gvkviigv cuš Q hvb wgõiv Ri NUbv m ú K GKRb Agymwj gi mvÿ : Zvdmx i Be b Kvmx i ejv n q Q, nv dh Avey bvqvbg B úvnvbx `vjv qjybœeyiqvz MÖ š gynv ` Be b Igi Iqv K`xi mb ` gynv ` Be b KvÕe Kzhxi evpwbk wb œv³ NUbv ey bv Ki Qbivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) ivg m ªvU wnivwkøqv mi Kv Q cî wj L nhiz `nbqv Be b Ljxdv K cöiy K ib Gici `nbqv cî cušqvj, ivg m ªvU ch ší cušqv Ges wzwb h AZ ší eyw gvb I wepÿy m ªvU wq jb, Gme K_v we ÍvwiZ ey bv Kiv n q Q, hv mnxn eylvix Ges nv`x mi Ab vb wbf i hvm MÖ š we` gvb i q Q G ey bvi Dcmsnv i ejv n q Q h, ivg m ªvU wnivwk qvm cî cvv Kivi ci ivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi Ae v Rvbvi Rb Avi ei wkqzmsl K jvk K `iev i mg ez Ki Z PvB jb Avey mywdqvb Be b nie I Zvi m½xiv m mgq evwywr K Kvwdjv wb q m ` k Mgb K iwqj wb ` k Abyhvqx Zv `i K `iev i Dcw Z Kiv n jv wnivwk qvm Zv `i K hme cökœ K ib m jvi we ÍvwiZ weeiy mnxn eylvix, gymwjg cöf wz MÖ š we` gvb i q Q Avey mywdqv bi AvšÍwiK evmbv wqj h, m GB my hv M ivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) m ú K Ggb wkqz K_vevZ v ej e, hv Z m ªv Ui mvg b Zvi fveg~wz m ú~y iƒ c webó n q hvq wkš Avey mywdqvb wb RB e j h, Avgvi GB B Qv K Kv h cwiyz Kivi c _ GKwUgvÎ AšÍivq wqj Zv GB h, Avgvi gyl w` q Kv bv mȳ úó wg_ v K_v ei n q co j m ªv Ui ` wó Z nq cöwzcbœ ne Ges Avgvi m½xiv Avgv K wg_ vev`x e j fr mbv Ki e ZLb Avgvi g b wgõiv Ri NUbvwU ey bv Kivi B Qv Rv M GUv h wg_ v NUbv Zv m ªvU wb RB ey S b eb Avwg ejjvg, Avwg Zuvi e vcviwu Avcbvi Kv Q ey bv KiwQ Avcwb wb RB Dcjwä Ki Z cvi eb h, e vcviwu m ú~y wg_ v wnivwk qvm wr Ám Ki jb, NUbvwU Kx? Avey mywdqvb ejj, beyiqv Zi GB `vwe`v ii Dw³ GB h, m GK ivwî Z g v gvkviigv _ K ei n q evqzzj gvkvïvm ch ší cuš Q Q Ges m iv ÎB cözz li c~ e g vq Avgv `i Kv Q wd i M Q Bwjqvi (evqzzj gvkvïv mi) me cöavb hvrk I cwðz ZLb ivg m ªv Ui cq bb `uvwo qwq jb wzwb ej jb, Avwg m ivwî m ú K Rvwb ivg m ªvU Zuvi w` K wdi jb Ges wr Ám Ki jb, Avcwb G m ú K Kx Rv bb? m ejj-avgvi Af vm wqj h, evqzzj gvkvïv mi me `irv eü bv Kiv ch ší Avwg kh v MÖnY KiZvg bv m iv Î Avwg Af vm Abyhvqx me `irv eü K i w`jvg, wkš GKwU `irv Avgvi c ÿ eü Kiv m e n jv bv Avwg Avgvi Kg Pvix `i W K Avbjvg (`irvi KcvU ^ vb _ K gv UB bowqj bv) g b nw Qj hb Avgiv Kv bv cvnv oi Mv q av v jvmvw Q Avwg AcviM n q Kg Kvi I wgw `i K W K Avbjvg Zviv cixÿv K i ejj, Kcv Ui Dci `irvi cövpx ii evsv P c e m Q GLb fvi bv niqv ch ší `irv eü Kivi Kv bv Dcvq bb mkv j Avgiv Póv K i `Le, Kx Kiv hvq Avwg eva n q wd i Gjvg Ges `irvi KcvU LvjvB _ K Mj mkvj niqv gvî Avwg m `irvi wbku Dcw Z n q `wl h, gmwr `i `irvi Kv Q wq`ª Kiv GKwU cö Íi LÐ c o i q Q g b nw Qj, ILv b Kv bv Rš euvav n qwqj ZLb Avwg m½x `i K e jwqjvg, Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv G `irvwu m ez G Kvi Y eü n Z `bwb h, Kv bv bex GLv b AvMgb K iwq jb AZtci wzwb ey bv K ib h, IB iv Î wzwb Avgv `i gmwr ` bvgvh c ob AZtci wzwb Av iv wek` ey bv w` jb (Be b Kvmxi 3/24) Bmiv I wgõiv Ri ZvwiL : Bgvg KziZzex ^xq Zvdmxi MÖ š e jb, wgõiv Ri ZvwiL m ú K wewfbœ iiqv qz ewy Z i q Q g~mv Be b IKevi iiqv qz GB h, NUbvwU wnri Zi Qq gvm c~ e msnwuz nq nhiz Av qkv (iv.) e jb-nhiz Lv`xRv (iv.)-gi IdvZ bvgvh dih niqvi c~ e B n qwqj Bgvg hynix e jb, nhiz Lv`xRv (iv.)-gi IdvZ beyiqvzcövwßi mvz eqi c i n qwqj Kv bv Kv bv iiqv q Z i q Q, wgõiv Ri NUbv beyiqvzcövwßi cuvp eqi c i N U Q Be b BmnvK e jb, wgõiv Ri NUbv ZLb N UwQj, hlb Bmjvg Avi ei mvaviy MvÎmg~ n we Í wz jvf K iwqj Gme iiqv q Zi mvigg GB h, wgõiv Ri NUbvwU wnri Zi K qk eqi c~ e msnwuz n qwqj niex e jb, Bmiv I wgõiv Ri NUbv iwedm mvbx gv mi 27Zg ivwî Z wnri Zi GK eqi c~ e N U Q Be b Kv mg mvnvex e jb, beyiqvzcövwßi 18 gvm ci G NUbv N U Q gynvwïmmy wewfbœ iiqv qz D jøl Kivi c i Kv bv wm vší wjwce K ibwb wkš mvaviyz ire gv mi 27Zg ivwî K wgõiv Ri ivwî wn m e MY Kiv nq gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 6

cweî mybœvn _ K D PZi nv`xm M elyv wefvm : gvikvhyj wdkwij Bmjvgx evsjv `k mybœvni Av jv K k e eivz k e eiv Zi drxjz : Òivm~j (mv.) nhiz Av qkv (iv.)- K m ^vab K i e jb, Zzwg wk Rvb ga kvõev bi iv Z (k eeiv Z) Kx N U? DË i nhiz Av qkv (iv.) e jb, n Avjøvni ivm~j! GB iv Z Kx N U _v K? ZLb ivm~j (mv.) e jb, GB iv Z PjwZ eqi hz (mšívb) Rb MÖnY Ki e Zv wjwce Kiv nq Avi PjwZ eqi hz ( jvk) BwšÍKvj Ki e Zv jlv nq GB iv ZB ev `v `i (mviv eq ii) Kvh vewj (Avmgv b) DVv bv nq Ges GB iv ZB wba vwiz wiwhk AeZxY nq AZtci Av qkv (iv.) wr Ám Ki jb, Bqv ivm~jvjøvn! Avjøvni ingz I KiæYv Qvov KD wk e nk Z h Z cvi e? ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) e jb, Avjøvni ingz Qvov Rvbœv Z h Z cvi e Ggb KD bb! ZLb nhiz Av qkv (iv.) wr Ám K ib, AvcwbI bb? ivm~j (mv.) ej jb, AvwgI bv Z e Avjøn ZvÕAvjv Avgv K ^xq ing Z eób K i ivl eb G K_vwU ivm~j (mv.) wzb evi e jb (wgkkvzyj gvmvexn c. 408) k eeiv Zi Avgj I cyi vi : nhiz Avjx (iv.) KZ K ewy Z nv`xm : Òivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) Bikv` K ib, hlb kvõev bi câ`k irbx AvMZ nq ZLb iv Z bvgvh co Ges ciez x w` b ivhv ivl Kbbv m~h v Í n Z mye n mvw`k (dri) Dw`Z niqv ch ší Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv cö_g Avmgv b AeZiY K ib Ges G AvnŸvb Ki Z _v Kb, Av Q wk Kv bv ÿgvcöv_ x, Avwg Zv K ÿgv K i `e? Av Q wk Kv bv wiwhk hvpbvkvix, Avwg Zv K wiwhk `e? Av Q wk Kv bv wec`mö Í, Avwg Zv K wec` n Z gyw³ `e? Av Q wk Kv bv Ggb KD Ggb KD BZ vw` (Be b gvrvn 2/160 nv`xm bs 1288, evqnvkx) ÒnhiZ Av qkv (iv.) e jb, GK iv Z Avwg ûryi (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)- K weqvbv Z cjvg bv ZvB Zuv K LuvR Kivi D Ï k ei njvg `L Z cjvg, wzwb RvbœvZzj evkx Z Av Qb Avgv K ` L wzwb e j DV jb, Zzwg wk GB Avk¼v Ki Qv h, Avjøvn Ges Zuvi ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) Zvgvi mv _ AwePvi Ki e? Avwg ejjvg, n Avjøvni ivm~j! Avwg aviyv K iwqjvg, Avcwb Ab Kv bv xi N i Zvkixd wb q Qb bex Kixg (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) ej jb, kvõev bi 15 ZvwiL iv Z gnvb Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv `ywbqvi Avmgv b Zvkixd Av bb Ges eby Kvje Mv Îi fov-ekwii cï jvi ck gi P qi AwaK msl K jvk K wzwb gvd K i `b Ó (wziwghx kixd 3/116, mybv b Be b gvrvn 2/160, evqnvkx-dx-ïavwej Cgvb nv`xm bs 3825, gymvbœv d Be b Avex kvqev 10/438, gymbv ` Avng` 6/238 nv`xm bs 26072) mvaviy ÿgvi NvlYv : nhiz Av qkv (iv.) m~ Î ewy Z Ñ... Ò...ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) Bikv` K ib, wbtm ` n gnvb Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv kvõevb gv mi 15 ZvwiL irbx Z cö_g Avmgv b ïfvmgb K ib Ges Kvje gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 7

Mv Îi ekixi ck gi P qi AwaK cwigvy gvbyl K ÿgv I gvmwdivz K i `b Ó (wziwghx) hviv ÿgvi A hvm : ÒnhiZ gyõavh Be b Rvevj (iv.) ivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) _ K ey bv K ib h, Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv kvõevb gv mi 15 ZvwiL iv Z m wók ji cöwz ing Zi ` wó `vb K i mkj K ÿgv K i `b wkš gykwik Ges wnsmyk Qvov Ó (Zveivbx- wdj- Kvexi 20/108, mnx n Be b wneÿvb- 12/481 nv`xm bs 5665, evqnvkx-dx- ïavwej Cgvb 5/272) ÒnhiZ Avãyjøvn Be b Avgi (iv.) _ K ewy Z, ivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) e j Qb, kvõev bi 15 ZvwiL iv Z gnvb Avjøvn ^xq m wórx ei cöwz we kl ` wó `b Ges wbr ev `v `i K ÿgv K i `b Z e wnsmyk Ges Lywb e ZxZ (gymbv ` Avng` 2/176, nv`xm bs 6650, AvËviMxe IqvËvinxe 4/239) k e eiv Z RvMÖZ _vkvi drxjz : Òivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) Bikv` K ib, h e w³ cuvpwu iv Î RvMÖZ _vk e Zuvi Rb RvbœvZ AeavwiZ n q hv e 1. whjn ¾i Aóg ivz 2. whjn ¾i beg ivz 3. C`yj AvRnvi ivz 4. C`yj wdz ii ivz 5. kvõev bi 15 Zvwi Li ivz (AvËviMxe IqvËvinxe 2/152) G Qvov gv n kvõev bi 14 ZvwiL w`evmz ivz m ú K eû nv`x m bex (mv.) Kx Avgj Ki Zb, Avevi Kvb Avgj Kivi wb ` k w` q Qb, me wkqzi e vl v i q Q cöpwjz Kzms vi I wkqz K_v : mj d mv jnxbmy GB iv Zi iæz, drxjz I Avgj m ú K ej ji GB ivz K K `ª K i hme we`avõz KvR AvÄvg `qv nq m jvi mgv jvpbv K i Qb ÒZ e GB iv Zi drxjz A bk GB gnvb drxj Zi `vwe n Q, Bev`Z cöf wzi gva g Zvi h_vh_ kvki Av`vq Kiv A_P Kv bv Kv bv jvk kvk ii j AwaK we`avõz K MÖnY K i wb q Q (gv`lvj 1/308) cöwm dkxn kvql gvbm~i Be b BDbym (in.) j LbÑ Ònü v kvõev bi 15 Zvwi Li ivz m ^ Ü drxj Zi K_v we` gvb mj d mv jnxb GB iv Z bvgvh co Zb wkš GB ivz RvMi Yi j ÿ gmwr ` Rgv qz niqv we`avõz G iv Z RvMÖZ _ K Bev`Z Kivi drxjz wvk `yb C `i iv Z RvMÖZ _ K Bev`Z Kivi drxj Zi g ZvB Ó (Kvkkvdzj K vbvõ Avb gzwbj GKbv 1/420) nhiz gvijvbv Avãyj nvb jlbfx (in.) j Lb : Òk e eiv Z RvMÖZ _ K wewfbœ cökvi bdj Bev` Z wjß _vkv h gȳ Ívnve Zv Z Kv bv gz f` bb Kbbv Gi cögvy Be b gvrvn Ges evbnvkxi ïavõeyj Cgvb MÖ š nhiz Avjx (iv.) n Z ewy Z gid~õ nv`xm Ges GB msµvší Ab vb Av iv A bk nv`xm, hv evqnvkxmn A b K ey bv K i Qb hgbwu Be b nvrvi g x (in.) Avj Chvn Iqvj evqvb bvgk MÖ š mwe Ív i ey bv K i Qb Gme nv`xm Øviv cögvwyz nq h, bex Kixg (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) G irbx Z AwaK cwigv Y Bev`Z I `yõav Ki Zb, Kei RqviZ Ki Zb Ges g Z e w³ `i Rb `yõav Ki Zb Gme KIjx I dõjx nv`xm Øviv cögvwyz nq h, GB irbx Z ewk ewk Bev`Z Kiv gȳ Ívnve cö Z Ki B Qv Abyhvqx PvB bvgvh Av`vq KiæK ev Ab Kv bv Bev`Z KiæK hw` KD bdj bvgvh co Z Pvq, Z e m hz ivkvavz B Qv, h c wz Z B Qv Ges h mgq B Qv co Z cvi e Kv bv µ gb GB irbx Z Ggb KvR I Avgj Ki Z cvi e bv, hv n Z ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) úó wksev Bw½ Z wb la K i Qb Ó (b~iæj Chvn gvavõ nvwkqvwzëvnzvex c. 325) Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv Avgv `i K k e eiv Zi drxjz AR b Ges hvezxq Mvbvn _ K gy³ _vkvi ZvIdxK `vb Kiæb Avgxb gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 8

`i m wdk n kixq Zi Av jv K Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv gydzx kv n` ingvbx m úªwz gymwjg mgv R Bmjv gi KwZcq Gev`Z K ivr bwzk Kg m~wp ev cwjwuk vj d vkb wn m e cvjb Kivi cöeyzv jÿ Kiv hvq hgb Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv, BdZvi cvwu BZ vw` welqwu gymjgvb `i Rb gv UI mylki bq KviY Gev`Z ej ZB hv Avjøvn I ivm~j cö`ë c wz Z ïaygvî Avjøvni Rb B Ki Z nq gbmo v c wz Z w b Ri ^v_ wmw i Rb Gev` Zi bv g wkqz Kiv Bmjv gi wewaweavb wb q Dcnvm Kivi bvgvšíi ivr bwzkfv e Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv covi cöeyzv A bk w`b _ K Pvjy _vk ji welqwu wb q B`vbxsKv j e vck Av jvpbv Pj Q KviY MZ 5 g w`evmz iv Z kvcjv PZ ii Awfhv b wbnz `i Rb GKwU ivr bwzk `j Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv c o Q A_P h msmv bi Kg m~wp Z Awfhvb Pvjv bv n q Q m msmv bi cÿ _ K Zv `i Kg x `i Rb Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhvi BwšÍRvg Kiv n jv bv msmv bi AvgxiI G e vcv i Kv bv wb ` k w` jb bv cov n jv bv ` ki Kv_vI Mv qevbv Rvbvhv d j welqwu wb q Rbg b wewfbœ cökœ `Lv w` q Q A b KiB cökœ Zvn j wk Mv qevbv Rvbvhv kixq Z bb? kixq Zi Av jv K welqwu cwi vi Ki Z we ÍvwiZ Av jvpbv wb q AvR Ki `i m wdkn Rvbvhv kã wu Aviex Gi A_ gvbwq Z ev g Z e w³ gvwq Z K mvg b i L `vdb c~e we kl c wz Z h bvgvh cov nq GwU K bvgv h Rvbvhv e j GKRb gymjgvb BnRMr Z vm K i cikvj hvîvkv j Bmjv gi h mkj wewaweavb i q Q, Zvi g a bvgv h Rvbvhv Ab Zg GKwU weavb GKRb gymjgv bi Dci Ab gymjgvb fvb qi h mkj nk i q Q Zvi g a Rvbvhvq AskMÖnYI GKwU hgb nv`xm kix d D jøl i q QÑ nhiz Avey ûivqiv (iv.) _ K ewy Z, wzwb e jb, ivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) Bikv` K i Qb, GKRb gymjgv bi Dci Aci gymjgv bi nk i q Q cuvpwu mvjv gi DËi `Iqv, Amy i LuvRLei biqv, Rvbvhvq AskMÖnY Kiv, `viqvz Keyj Kiv Ges nuvwp`vzvi Reve `Iqv (eylvix 2/378) G Qvov Rvbvhvq AskMÖn Yi e vck miqv ei K_v i q Q nv`xm kix d nhiz Aveyûivqiv (iv.) _ K ewy Z, wzwb e jb, ivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) Bikv` K ib, h e w³ Kv bv gymjgv bi Rvbvhvq AskMÖnY K i Rvbvhvi bvgvh Av`vq Ki e Zvi Rb i q Q GK ÔwKivZÕ miqve Avi h e w³ Rvbvhvq kixk n q `vdb m úbœ niqv ch ší Dcw Z _vk e Zvi Rb i q Q `yb ÔwKivZÕ miqve mvnvev q Kivg AviR Ki jb, `yb ÔwKivZÕ ej Z Kx evsv bv n q Q? ivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) Gikv` Ki jb, `ywu e nr cvnv oi mgvb miqve (eylvix kixd 2/403) nhiz Avey mvc` Lỳ ix (iv.) _ K ewy Z, wzwb ivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)- K ej Z ï b Qb, cuvpwu Avgj Ggb i q Q, h e w³ Kv bv w`b IB Avgj jv gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 9

Ki e Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv Z v K RvbœvZevmx `i AšÍf y³ K i ` eb ivmxi LuvRLei biqv, Rvbvhvq AskMÖnY Kiv, GK w`b ivhv ivlv, RygvÕAvi bvgv hi Rb cözz lb iibv Kiv Ges GKwU Mvjvg Avhv` Kiv (mnx n Be b wneÿvb 6/7 nv`xm bs 2771) kixq Zi ` wó Z Rvbvhvi bvgvh di R Kdvqv Kv bv A j Rvbvhvi bvgvh e ZxZ Kv bv gymjgvb K `vdb Kiv n j IB A ji mkj gymjgvb bvnmvi n e Rvbvhvi bvgvh ï niqvi Rb kz Ab vb bvgvh ï niqvi Rb h mkj kz i q Q ZviB g Zv Z e mg qi kz GLv b e jer bq AwZwi³ kz wn m e i q Q gvwq Z gymjgvb niqv, cvk niqv Ges gvwq Z K gymwjø `i mvg b ivlv hgbwu i q Q dzûj K `xi bvgk MÖ š Dc i D jøl Kiv n q Q, Rvbvhvi bvgvh ï niqvi Rb gymwjø `i mvg b gvwq Z ivl Z n e G Z úó n q hvq gvwq Z Qvov Rvbvhvi bvgvh ï bq Z`ycwi welqwu K qkwu Kvi Y e vl v hvm 1 bex Kixg (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) nvekvi ev`kvn bv¾vkxi Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv c o Qb Av ikrb mvnvex gyõavweqv Be b gyõavweqv Avj gyhvbxi Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv c o Qb e ji iiqvqv Z cviqv hvq 2 cweî nvigvb b Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv co Z `Lv hvq 3 wewfbœ gymwjg ` ki ivr bwzk `j jv Zv `i bzv-kg x `i Mv qevbv Rvbvhv c o _v K 1. Bgvg Avey nvbxdv (in.), Bgvg gv jk (in.)mn AwaKvsk gymwjg dkxn `i wbku Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv ˆea bq bex Kixg (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) KZ K bv¾vmx I mvnvexi Mv qevbv Rvbvhv covi NUbvq Zuviv e vl v w` q Qb m mv _ w` q Qb Mv qevbv Rvbvhv A ea niqvi Av iv A bk `wjji wb œ Zv Dc vcb Kiv n jv bv¾vmxi Rvbvhvi NUbvwU mnxn Be b wneÿv b Gfv e ewy Z n q Q Bgivb Be b ûmvbb ey bv K ib, bex Kixg (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) Bikv` K ib, Zvgv `i fvb bv¾vkx BwšÍKvj K i Qb P jv Zvi bvgv h Rvbvhv cwo bex Kixg (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) DV jb evb i G jb mvnvev q Kivg Zuvi cq b KvZview ` n jb Avjøvni ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) Pvi ZvKex ii mwnz bvgvh cov jb mvnvev q Kiv gi aviyv bv¾vmxi gvwq Z bex Kixg (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)- Gi mvg b ivlv wqj Av ikrb mvnvexi Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv covi NUbvwUI Gfv e ewy Z nq nhiz Avbvm (iv.) ey bv K ib, GK`v wreivbj Av. bex Kixg (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi `iev i Dcw Z n q ej jb, n Avjøvni ivm~j! gyõavweqv Be b gyõavw eqv Avj gyhvbx Bw šíkvj K i Qb Avcwb wk Zvi bvgv h Rvbvhv co Z AvMÖnx? bex Kixg (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) ej jb, Aek B ZLb wreivbj (Av.) Zuvi Dfq Wvbv Øviv Rwg b AvNvZ Ki jb d j Rgx bi mkj MvQcvjv wujv Uz ^i mgvb n q hvq AZtci gyavweqvi gvwq Z DVv bv n jv hv bex Kixg ( mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) `L Z c jb bex Kixg ( mvj øvj øvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) bvgv h Rvbvhv cov jb cq b `yõkvzvi d ikzv `uvov jb cöwz KvZv i m Ëi n vrvi K i d ikzv wqj bvgvh k l bex Kixg (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 10

wreivbj (Av.)- K wr Ám Ki jb, Kvb Avg ji eik Z gyõavweqv GB gh v`v jvf Kij? wreivbj DË i ej jb, gyõavweqv m~iv BLjvm K LyeB gynveÿz Ki Zb Ges Pj Z wdi Z, em Z, `uvov Z me ve vq m~iv BLjvm ZjvIqvZ Ki Zb Ó (GjvDm mybvb 8/234) `ywu NUbv m ú K dzkvnv q Kiv gi e vl v n jv, GB NUbvØq bex Kixg (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi ˆewk ó i AšÍf y³ Ges Dfq NUbv Z bex Kixg (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi mvg b gvwq Z Dcw Z Kiv n qwqj hv wqj ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi gyõwrhv Z`ycwi gyõavweqvi NUbvwU weï e ji g b bbwb AwaKvsk nv`xm wekvi`my ZvB gymwjg `ywbqvi AwaKvsk Bgvg I dkvnwe`m Yi g Z D³ NUbvØq Øviv Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv cögvy Kiv m e bq hgbwu D jøl K i Qb Avjøvgv Av bvqvi kvn Kvk xix (in.) Zuvi wkzve dqryj evix Z Òbex Kixg (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) bv¾vkx Qvov Avi Kv iv Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv c o Qb e j cögvwyz bq i q h vq mvn vex gyõavweqvi NUbv GwU m ú K nv`xm wekvi` `i h _ó gzwe iva i q Q Z e GwU úó h, GB NUbvwU mwvk bq Kbbv ivm~jyjøvn (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi nvqv Z A bk mvnvex ivm~ ji Abycw Z v b BwšÍKvj K i Qb A_P ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) Zuv `i Mv qevbv Rvbvhv c obwb G Z úó nq, Mv qevbv Rvbvhvi GB aviv ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi RxeÏkvqB iwnz n q hvq GwU G Kvi YI úófv e cögvwyz nq h, ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) Gi ci Kv bv mvnvex Mv qevbv Rvbvhv c obwb... Ó Avjøvgv Av bvqvi kvn Kvk xwi (in.)-gi Dc iv³ e vl v Øviv cwi vi n q hvq h, K. bv¾vkx Qvov Avi Kv iv Mv qevbv Rvbvhv bex Kixg (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) c obwb L. GwU ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi ˆewk ó i AšÍfy ³ wqj M. ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi RxeÏkvq GwU iwnz n q hvq N. ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi c i mvnvev q Kivg Lvjvdv q iv k`xb KD Mv qevbv Rvbvhv c o Qb Ggb cögvy Kv_vI bb gyõavweqvi NUbv h nzz weï cš vq cögvwyz bq ZvB Gi e vl v `IqviI cö qvrb bb Avjøvgv Kvk xwi (in.) G e vcv i wm všíg~jk h e³e w` q Qb Zv n jvñ gvïvk_v n jv, h mkj wewpî NUbv hvi we kl Z i KviY ARvbv, AbeMZ hvi cuf wg Ggb NUbv Øviv ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi cöwm I wbqwgz mybœvz Q o `Iqv m e bq b¾vkxi NUbv D jøl KiZt Bgvg Bebyj Kvwq g (in.) j LbÑ ÒMv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi ZixKv bq KviY eû mvnvex ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi _ K `~iez x v b BwšÍKvj K i Qb, hv `i Rb ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvm vjøvg) M v qevbv Rvb vhv c obwb GKB ai bi e³e cviqv hvq dzûj K`xi bvgk MÖ š I gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 11

h nzz bv¾vkxi NUbv Øviv Mv qevbv Rvbvhv cögvy Kiv m e bq ZvB AwaKvsk Bgvg I dkxnmy Mv qevbv Rvbvhv kixqzm Z bq e j gz w` q Qb jv gdïvivix bvgk MÖ š D jøl Av QÑ nvbvdx Ges gv jkx dkxnmy M v qe v b v b v gv h R v b v h v K kixqzm Z g b K ib bv Avjøvgv Be b Avew`j ei GwU K AwaKvsk dk xn `i e³e e j D jøl K i Qb wewkó nvbdx dkxn Avjøvgv Kvmvbx (in.) j LbÑ dzûj K`xi MÖ š D jøl i q QÑ Avjøvgv kvgx (in.) Zvi wel vz MÖš dzviqv q kvgx Z D jøl K ibñ Dc i D jøwlz wewkó Bgvg I dkxnm Yi e³e _ K G K_v úó cözxqgvb nq h, Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv kixqzm Z bq 2. cweî nvivgvb b Mv qevbv Rvbvhv cov wb q Djvgv q Kiv gi e³e n jv, Kv bv Kv bv Bgvg D jøwlz bv¾vmxi NUbvi cöwÿ Z kz mv cÿ Mv qevbv bvgv hi AbygwZ w` q Qb ZvB IB mkj k Z i mv _ Zviv c o _vk Z cv ib hv nvbdx `i Rb Kv bvfv eb AbymiY hvm bq hgb Bgvg kv dqx (in.) Gi wbku Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv ˆea Z e kz n jv gvwq Zi kn i Mv qevbv Rvbvhv n Z cvi e bv kvdx g v h n v e i w b f i h v M M Ö š AvjgRgyÕ Z D jøl Av QÑ ÒAvgv `i gvhnve n jv Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv ˆea... Z e gvwq Zi kn i Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv ˆea bq GwUB Avgv `i gvhnv ei dziqv Ó Bgvg Avng` Be b nv ^j (in.) Gi wbkui Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv ˆea Z e kz n jv gvwq Z Ggb v b n Z n e hlv b Rvbvhv covi gz Kv bv gymjgvb Dcw Z wqj bv hw` gvwq Z Ggb v b nq hlv b Zvi Rvbvhv covi gz gymjgvb i q Q m ÿ Î Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv ˆea n e bv hgbwu j L Qb Avjøvgv Be b ZvBwgqv nv ^jx (in.)ñ Ònv ^jx gvrnv ei weï gz n jv Kv bv gymjgvb hw` Ggb v b gviv hvq, hlv b Zvi bvgv h Rvbvhv covi gz Kv bv gymjgvb wqj bv, ZLb Zvi Rb Mv qevbv bvgv h Rvbvhv cov hv e hgb ivm~jyjøvn (mv.) bv¾vmxi bvgv h Rvbvhv c o Qb h nzz bv¾vmx Ggb v b gviv hvb hlv b Zuvi bvgv h Rvbvhv covi gz Kv bv gymjgvb wqj bv KD hw` Ggb v b gviv hvq hlv b gymjgvbmy Zvi bvgv h Rvbvhv c o Qb Zvn j Gi Rb Mv qevbv Rvbvhv cov ˆea n e bv Ó Z`ycwi Mv qevbv Rvbvhv hw`i Kv bv Kv bv gvhnv e cov ˆea, wkš GwU ivm~ ji mybœvz KD e jbwb gvwq Z K mvg b i LB Rvbvhv cov mk ji wbku ivm~j (mv.)-gi mybœvz e j we ewpz 3. ivr bwzkfv e AbywôZ Mv qevbv Rvbvhv kixq Zi ` wó Z ˆea wk bv? Ggb cö kœi Rev e cö_ gb ej Z nq ag xq wewaweavb wb q ivrbxwz a g i mv _ gkkivib kvwgj G ai bi Kg KvÐ gymjgvb `i Rb `ytlrbk I cwinvi hvm I Mv qevbv Rvbvhv ˆea A e a niqvi ÿ Î Bgvg I dkxn `i g a gzwe iva _vk ji ivr bwzk Rvbvhv A ea niqvi ÿ Î Kv iv wøgz _vkvi K_v bq Avjøvn mevb K Øx bi mwvk eys `vb Kiæb gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 12

gywndm mybœvn nhiz gvijvbv kvn Aveiviæj nk n x nvi`~qx (in.)-gi Ag~j evyx 1. KziAv b cv Ki m v b Ae njv : nhiz (in.) e jb, ez gv b KziAv b cv Ki m v b A bk Ae njv cwijwÿz n Q GK RvqMvq Avgvi md i hviqv n jv mlv b wkzve ivlv wqj Avwg Dcw Z e w³ `i wrávmv Kijvg, hw` Kv iv wkÿk eûk n q hvq ev Kv bv Kvi Y jy U c o ev AvNvZcÖvß nq ZLb Kx Ki eb? Zviv ejj, Kvco cwiez b Kie GUv Kie muv Kie Avwg ejjvg, GK cökvi wkÿk n jv hviv gšwlkfv e cvv`vb K ib Av ik cökvi wkÿk bkkv Z_v wjlvi gva g covq m wnmv e wkzvei I Ív` GLb G ÔwKZveÕ D Ív `i Kx Ae v? cvzv jv Gw`K- mw`k G jv g jv wewÿßve vq c o Av Q Gme wkzvemg~n _ K DcK Z niqv m Ë I wvkvvk K i ivlvi Kv bv iæz B bb GUv Kgb K_v! mkv j G K_v ejvi ci Rvn ii mgq `Ljvg bzzb wkzve Avbv n q Q Avwg ejjvg, IB mkj cyivzb D Ív` `i Kx cwiywz n jv? G `i wk Kvb wl`gz Kiv n q Q? bv Zv Ki Dci G jv g jv i L `Iqv n q Q? wkzv ei mv _ G ai bi AvPiY `Ljvg, Rvwb bv KziAv b cv Ki mv _ wk ikg AvPiY Kiv nq Rvb Z cvijvg, KziAv b cv Ki Kv bv wmjv di e e v bb QvÎiv Kvco weqv bv QvovB KziAv b cvk i L `q wb Ri Kvco ev Ab Kv bv e ivlvi Rb Zv KvMR ev Ab wkqz weqv bv nq wkš KziAv b cvk Gg bb i L `Iqv nq ayjvevjyi Avk¼v bv _vk j Zv wfbœ K_v wkš hlv b ayjvevjyi Avk¼v mlv bi Gfv e i L `Iqv n Q A_P hv `i eqm Pwjøk ermi Zviv evj Kv j Aek B ` L Qb, KziAvb kixd wmjvdwenxb ivlv n Zv bv ez gv b hlv b B Qv hfv e B Qv i L `Iqv n Q gmwr` gv`ivmv ZI KziAv b cv Ki e vcv i Ae njv : nhiz (in.) e jb, AwaKvsk gv`ivmv-gmwr `I KziAv b cv Ki e vcv i Ae njv cwijwÿz n Q KziAv b cvk covi ci hfv e B Qv i L `Iqv nq GKevi GK RvqMvq KziAv b cv Ki GKwU Avjgvix Lyjj vg `L Z cvb KziAvb cvk mvwr q ivlv nqwb eis Ggb G jv g jvfv e ivlv n q Q, g b n e d jb ivlv n q Q (bvdhywejøvn) `vwqz kxj `i ejvi ci Zviv ejj, QvÎiv Gfv e G jv g jv i L `q Avwg ejjvg, QvÎiv Gfv e Ki j Avcbv `i `vwqz n jv evisevi QvÎ `i K Gi iæz eysv Z _vkv Ges bmivbx Kiv mvaviy jvkrb KziAv b cv Ki mv _ G ai bi AvPiY `L j Avcbv `i e vcv i Kx gšíe Ki e, Zv f e `Lv `ikvi Gme cweî KziAv bi m v bi e vcv i mxgvnxb Ae njv Qvov Avi wkqzb bq GKwU we kl Øxwb gvikv R Avgvi hviqv n j mlvbkvi gmwr ` gv`i mvq G e vcv i A bk ÎæwU-wePz wz Abyfe Kijvg ZLb Avwg KvD K wkqz bv e j mlvbkvi `vwqz kxj `i W K ejjvg, ` Lb! KziAv b cv Ki mv _ Gme Kx AvPiY n Q! GLv b Zv G ai bi AvPiY Kvbµ gb n Z cv i bv Kbbv mvaviy jvkrb GB cöwzôv bi AbymiY Ki e Ges ej e hgb Ime cöwzôv b ` LwQ AvgivI miƒc K i _vwk `vwqz kxj `i Giƒc Ae njvi cöfve-cöwzwµqv Ab `i Dci covb ^vfvwek A½-cÖZ ½i e envi gvmavjv gyzv ek niqv Pvq : n h i Z ( i n. ) e j b, A v g vi œnfvrb! Zvgiv wkzve Zv fv jvfv e gyl Í K iq hïiæb KvM Ri wkzve Zvgv `i gw Í gyw`ªz n q M Q A_P evwn K A½-cªZ ½ Zvi bkkv Abyf Z niqvb Avmj A_ vr mg Í gvmavjv-gvmvcj hv wkzv e mwbœweó Av Q Zb a Pv Li gvmavjv jv Avgv `i Pv L Aw¼Z niqv `ikvi, wrnÿvi gvmavjv Avgv `i wrnÿvi e env i Abyf Z niqv `ikvi Abyiƒcfv e nvz-cv Ges Ab vb A½-cÖZ ½i Rb h weavb Av Q IB mg Í A½-cÖZ ½ IBme weavb gvzv ek cwipvwjz niqv Avek K GUvB Avmj welq GB w`kuvi cöwz LyeB iæz `Iqv `ikvi gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 13

gviqv q h nhiz dk xûj wgjøvz (`vgvz evivkvzzûg) emyüiv gvikvh, PÆMÖvg ïjkeni gv`ivmvmn ` ki wewfbœ v b nhiz dk xûj wgjøvz (`vgvz evivkvzzûg) AvK ` wbkv ni Abyôvb Ges nv`x mi `i m weev ni kiqx bxwzgvjv, mybœz ZixKv, mgv R cöpwjz iæmyg m ú K we ÍvwiZ eqvb I ZvKixi ck K ib Zuvi ZvKixi I eqvb jvi Av jv K cögvwyk GB cöeüwu mvrv bv n q Q Bmjvgx we q-4 weev ni jÿ D Ïk : 1. cökvwší jvf Kiv Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv Bikv` K ib- A_ vr Zuvi GK wb`k b GB h, wzwb Zvgv `i Rb Zvgv `ib ga n Z x m wó K i Qb hv Z Zvgiv Zv `i Kv Q wm q kvwší jvf Ki Ges wzwb Zvgv `i ci ú ii g a fv jvevmv I `qv m wó K i Qb (m~iv iæg-21) nhiz _vbfx (in.) e jb, gynveÿz I fv jvevmvi m úk hšebkv ji mv _ KviY ZLb Df qi gv S Av em I D` g KvR K i Avi ingz I `qvi m úk Amy Zv I eva K i mv _ AwfÁZvi Av jv K ejv hvq Amȳ Zv I eva K xi vb Ab wkqz ZB c~iy niqvi bq (ûkzkyh hvirvbb c : 551, Bmjvgx kv`x c : 29) KviY Amy Zv I eva K Q j g q, cyîea~ ev KvD K w` q IB KvR KL bv Kiv bv hv e bv, hv x K w` q Kiv bv hvq Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv GB cökvwší GKgvÎ ˆeevwnK m ú K B i L Qb GUvB Kz`i Zi mb wb`k b hvi cöwz Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv ` wó AvKl Y K i Bikv` K ib- A_ vr ÒwbðqB Gi g a wb`k b Av Q mb me jv Ki Rb, hviv wpšívfvebv K i Ó (m~iv iæg-21) nhiz _vbfx (in.) e jb- A_ vr xi P q eo c w_ex Z Kv bv eüz n Z cv i bv AwfÁZv n jv Avw_ K msku I gmxe Zi mgq c w_exi me eüzevüe `~ i m i hvq GgbwK GK mgq wczv-gvzv I mšívb K Q o P j hvq, wkš x me ve vq ^vgxi mv _ i q hvq Abyiƒcfv e Amȳ Zvq h ikg cökvwší xi Øviv jvf Kiv hvq Ab Kv bv Nwbô eüz GgbwK wczv-gvzvi Øviv I Zv m e bq AZGe úó n q Mj h, c w_ex Z cyiæ li Kv bv eüz xi mgúh v qi bb (ûkzkzj evbz-22, Bmjvgx kv`x-39) 2. e` bri Kz` wó Kiv _ K eu P _vkv, 3. j¾v vb K mshz ivlv nv`x m ewy Z- A_ vr weevn ` wó K Lye ewk AebZ Ges j¾v vb K mshz iv L (eylvix nv. 1905, gymwjg nv. 1018) nv`x m mme jv Ki K_v ejv n q Q hviv A_ vr cyztcweî ^fv ei AwaKvix A_ vr hviv ^fvervz bó, `y g v-`yó cök wzi Zv `i Av jvpbv D³ nv`x m Kiv nqwb KviY nv`xm kix d cök Z gvby li Av jvpbv Kiv n q Q Kv bv Rv bvqvi ev gvbeiƒcx evb ii Av jvpbv Kiv nqwb G `i K G K G K PviwU weevn Kwi q w` ji Zv `i bri/` wó ci- bvixi cö wz wb e _vk e bvdhywejøvn!! 4. weev ni me P q eo D Ïk n jv mšívb Rb `qv ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) Bikv` K ib- A_ vr Zvgiv ^vgxf³ AwaK nv i mšívb Rb `v b mÿg g q `i K weevn Ki, KviY Zvgv `i msl vwak wb q Ab vb D Zi Dci Avwg MŠie Kie (Avey`vD` nv`xm bs 2050) 5. ZvKIqv I ci nhmvix ervq ivlv Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv Bikv` K ib- A_ vr Zvgv `i weevn Kiv hb ZvKIqv I ci nhmvixi D Ï k B nq, Kej Bw `ªq evmbv PwiZv_ Kivi gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 14

ev Mvcb cöywqyx evbv bvi B Qv hb bv nq (m~iv gvwq`vn-5) GKwU fyj aviyv : nhiz _vbfx (in.) mgv Ri GKwU fyj aviyv LÐb Ki Z wm q e jb- A_ vr wb e v aiv Rv b bv h, weev ni D Ïk g qi LvIqv-`vIqvi e `ve Í Kiv bq eis ˆeevwnK Ab vb Kj vyki gšwjk w`k jvb g~j D Ïk! KviY hw` Lvbvwcbvi e e v KivB weev ni D Ïk n Zv Zvn j hme cwiev i Lvev ii Kv bv Afve bb ev g q wb RB cöpyi ab-m ú `i AwaKvix mb me g qi weev ni Kv bv cö qvrb n Zv bv A_P ch eÿ Y wfbœ w`kwub dz U D V h, Kv bv ivrv-ev`kvni g q I weev ni cö qvrb gy³ bq AZGe úó n q Mj h, weev ni D Ïk Ab vb Kj vyki w`k jvb (Bmjv n BbwKjve 2/24, Bmjvgx kv`x c :29) cöpwjz fzj D Ïk : Avgv `i ` ki mgvre e vq A b K R b nvk, bv R b nvk, B Qvq nvk ev Awb Qvq nvk weevn K i _v Kb ev Kwi q _v Kb Ggb wkqz D Ïk K mvg b i L hv Mwn Z, A bk ÿ Î kixqz cwicš xi e U hgb : GK. N ii ivbœv-evbœvmn cvwievwik Ab vb KvR AvÄvg `qvi g Zv jv Ki Afve n j ev bv _vk j AwffveK Q j K ZwoMwo K i weevn Kwi q `q D Ïk cyîea~ K w` q N ii fz ii-evb ii hvezxq KvR Av`vq Kiv G nb wb œgv bi gbgvbwmkzvi Rb g~jzt kiqx wewaweavb m ú K AÁZvB `vqx GgbwK A b K Zv N ii evwn ii hve Zxq KvR AvÄvg `q v KI cyîea~i Rb IqvwRex `vwqz g b K i GKUz ni di n jb ïiæ nq Zv K jÿ K i wzi vi, KU w³ Ges ekv-skvi Zxie wó, Avi Zvi weiæ bvwjk-awf hv Mi wdwiw Í nq Ggb `xn, hv gv mi ci gvm eqvb K ii kl Kiv hvq bv A bk ÿ Î ˆ`wnK wbh vzb Kivi g Zv RNb Zg Aciva I msnwuz n q _v K djköæwz Z GK mgq cyîea~i cöw Ze v`x n q I V ïiæ nq cvwievwik `~iz I AkvwšÍi cvjv Kv bv Kv bv mgq `ÿ n Í ÿc I `~i`k x wm v šíi Kvi Y cwiw wz mvgvj `qv M j I wz³zv weivr Ki Z _v K hym hym a i Z e A bk ÿ ÎB cwiw wz wbqš Yi evwn i P j wm q hb cvwievwik eüb ˆeevwnK eüb wqj Rvbœv Zi bgybv Zv cwiyz nq cwic~y Rvnvbœv g me ve vq me vwak ÿwzi m ylxb n Z nq Avw_ K Ges gvbwmkfv e Q j K, Ab w` K K bi cy iv RxebwUB wecbœ n q hvq g b ivl Z n e, `vwqz GK wrwbm Avi Bnmvb e`vb Zv Ab wrwbm cyîea~ K Kv Ri g q PvKivwbi g Zv bq, Zv K ivl Z n e kvnrv`x I ivbxi g Zv K i Zvi mf Zv, f`ªzv, eskxq gh v`v, ü` Zv, PvwiwÎK Yv Y Ges e`vb Zvi gbgvbwmkzvb Zv K DrmvwnZ Ki e mvg _ i g a _vkv cvwievwik KvR-Kg AvÄvg `qv Ges `Lfvj Kivi cöwz cvwievwik gbgvbwmkzv bbñggb g qi K_v wfbœ `yb. we ` k hviqvi A_ RvMvb w` Z bv cvi j hšzzk wn m e bm` A_ cviqvi Rb weevn Kiv wz b. g qi c ÿi MY gvb D Pch v qi Kv bv AvZ x qi nvz a i PvKwi cviqvi Avkvq weevn Kiv Pvi. g qi c ÿi mn hvwmzvq e emv-evwyr ïiæ Kiv ev cöwzwôz niqvi Rb G Qvov Av iv A bk w f ÿ z K g v K v A w Z b x Py g v b i gbgvbwmkzv wb q weevn K i _v K ev Kwi q _v K AevK niqvi g Zv e vcvi n jv weevn K i _v K ev Kwi q _v K wkqz cviqvi Avkvq; wkš RvbvRvwb n q M j Zv `i AvZ gh v`vq AvNvZ Avm e GB fqi Zv `i g a KvR K i ZvB Zv `i K BZ ÍZ Ki Z jy KvPzwi Lj Z Ges wewfbœ ai bi bvuk mvrv ZI `Lv hvq ivm~j (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) Bikv` K ib- A_ vr h KvR Ki Z Zvgvi BZ ÍZ eva nq ev AšÍ i LUKv jv M A_ev jv K iv R b M j Z vgvi gh v`vnvwb niqvi fq nqñggb KvR Kiv bvn (gymwjg nv`xm bs 2553) myzivs f`ª mš vm I nvbr vkvi bv n q wfÿvi Sywj wb q dzucv Ziv Ívi av i e m hviqv A bk köq cvî-cvîx wbe vpb : ˆeevwnK m úk KD GK-`yB w` bi Rb M o bv gvbwek `vwe n jv, G m úk AvRxeb AUzU _vkv Bmjvgx weav bi Pvwn`v I G m úk vqx I greyz niqv gvby li Rb MZ ^fve n jv, we ek-eyw LvwU q `~i`k x wm vší bqvi cwie Z Av emzvwoz gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 15

n q Kv bv wkqz K i djv GK mgq Gi Rb Kovq MÐvq Zv K Pig gvmyji Y Z nq ZvB ˆeevwnK Rxe b AbvKvw ÿz wech qi m ylxb bv niqvi Rb cvî-cvîx Pq b c~y mzk Zv Aej ^b Kivi Rb kixqz wb ` k w` q Q Ges Av emzvwoz bv n q c~y mzk Zvi mv _ cvî-cvîx Df qi wkqz wkqz w`k fv jvfv e ` L bqvi Ges hvpvb-evqvb Kivi cöwz we klfv e iæz v ivc K i Q cvî wbe vpb : cö_ g cvî w b e vp b w e e P welq jvi Av jvpbv ck KiwQ hvi wmsn fvm cvîxi ÿ ÎI c Ö h v R Z e Z v i G K K ˆewkó jvi K_v c i D jøl Kiv n e BbkvAvjøvn! GK. cvî `xb`vi niqv : KviY 1. hme Kj vyv _ weevn Rv qh Kiv n q Q Zvi wmsnfvm ^vgx- xi ci ú ii wgj-gynveÿz I fv jve vm vi Dci wb f ikxj Ab ^xkvh welq n jv, G ai bi wgj-gynveÿz ˆZwi Z Kv bv wkqzb ZZUzKz Kvh Kix f wgkv ivl Z cv i bv hzuzkz cv i agx q Abyf wz I agx q PZbv eva Kbbv c w_ex Z Kv bv bv Kv bv w`b me m ú K ib hewbkvcvz N U, GUvB wpi mz, Z e kl nq bv KL bv Øxwb m úk GgbwK wkqvg Zi w`b hlb Kv bv m ú K ib Aw ÍË Luy R cviqv hv e bv ZL bv Agi _vk e GB Øxwb m úk Gw` K Bw½Z K i Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv Bikv` K ib- A_ vr AZtci hlb wk½vq dzu `Iqv n e ZLb Zv `i ga Kvi Kv bv AvZ xqzv evwk _vk e bv Ges KD KvD K wkqz wr ÁmI Ki e bv (myiv gyõwgb~b-101) Ab Î Bikv` K ib- A_ vr ÒZv `i cvi úwik me ai bi m úk wew Qbœ n q hv e Ó (myiv evkviv -166) Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv Av iv Bikv` K ib- A_ vr ÒBeivnxg Av iv e jwq jb, Z vgiv Z v Avjøvn K Q o g~wz jv KB (ie) g bq hv `i gva g cvw_ e Rxe b Zvgv `i cvi úwik eüzz cöwzwôz Av Q cwi k l wkqvg Zi w`b Zvgiv G K Ab K A ^xkvi Ki e Ges G K Ab K jvõbz Ki e Zvgv `i wvkvbv n e Rvnvbœvg Ges Zvgv `i Kv bv ikg mvnvh Kvix jvf n e bv Ó (myiv AvbKveyZ-25) Z e Øxwb m úk `ywbqv Z hgb vqx Av Liv ZI _v Ke Zv AUzU Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv Bikv` K ib- A_ vr mw`b eüzem G K A b i kîæ n q hv e Kej gyëvkxmy Qvov (m~iv hyliæd-67) ^vgx- x Df q RvbœvZx n j `ywbqvi b vq Rvbœv ZI Zviv ^vgx- x wn m e _vk e AZGe Q j g q Ges AwffveK `i Rb Ggb cvîx-cvî wbe vpb Kiv evãbxq hv K BnKv ji b vq cikv ji wb Ri cv k c Z cv i 2. `xb`vix K G Kvi YI cövavb w` Z n e h, hvi g a cök Z Øxb _v K Zvi g a Avjøvni fq _v K Avi hvi g a Avjøvni fq _v K Zvi c ÿ Kv iv AwaKvi niy Kiv, KvD K Kó `qv, ^v_ ci niqv, Kv iv Awbó mvab Kiv, ev KvD K auvkv `qvi Kíbv KivI m eci bq myzivs h e w³ GZme gvbwek Y Yvwš^Z n e Zvi P q AwaK bgª, f`ª, mf, mr, b vqcivqy Ges AwaKvi iÿvkvix c ivckvix Avi K n Z cv i? i v m ~ j ( m v j ø v j ø v û A v j v B w n Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi ûuwkqvwi : `xb`vi cv Îi cö Íve cöz vl vb Kivi Dci ûuwkqvwi D PviY K i ivm~j (mv.) e jb- A_ vr m šívlrbk Øxb I Pwi Îi AwaKvix Kv bv Q j Zvgvi N i weev ni cö Íve cvvv j Zv gäyi K i Zvgvi AwffveK Z _vkv g q K Zvi Kv Q weevn w` q `vi Ab _vq cy iv c w_ex e vck dzbv-dvmv ` Qu q hv e (wziwghx nv`xm bs 1084) wewkó nv`xm e vl vkvi gvjøv Avjx K vix (in.) e jb, Gi KviY n jv hw` ab-m ú `, eskxq gh v`v hk-l vwz cvî wbe vp b g~j jÿ n q `uvovq Ges `xb`vixi welqwu AeÁv Kiv nq Zvn j mgv R AweevwnZ bi-bvixi msl v e vck nv i e o hv e d j Gi mv _ Zvj wgwj q e wfpv ii NUbvI e o hv e AvksKvRbK nv i mgvr I ` ki Rb Gi P q eo dzbv Avi Kx n Z cv i? NUbv RvbvRvwb n q M j Zv e vck gvivgvw i nvbvn vw b, SMov-SvwU Ges hy -wemö ni iƒc aviy Ki Z cv i (wgikvz 6/146) nv`x mi Av jv K Avgv `i K mgvr I ` ki e Z gvb w e iv R gvb cwi ek- cwiw wz K Av ikevi hvpvb-evpvb I cil Kivi mgq gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 16

G m Q nhiz nvmvb emix (in.)-gi civgk : ewy Z Av Q h, R bk e w³ nhiz nvmvb emix (in.)-gi wl`g Z Dcw Z n q AviR Ki jb h, A_ vr Avgvi GKwU g q Av Q GKvwaK cv Îi cÿ _ K Zvi we qi cö Íve G m Q GLb Kvb cv Îi nv Z Avwg Zv K Zz j `e, G e vcv i Avcbvi civgk Kvgbv Kwi DË i nvmvb emix (in.) e jb, Zvgvi g q K Ggb Q ji mv _ weevn `vi h Avjøvn K fq K i, G Z K i `ywui h Kv bv GKwU dvq`v n e 1. hw` Zvgvi g q K Zvi cq ` nq I Zvi cöwz wcqvi gynveÿz nq Zvn j m Zv K cwic~y m vb I gh v`v `vb Ki e 2. Avi hw` Kv bv Kvi Y Zv K AcQ ` nq ZLb fv jv bv evm ji KL bv m Zvgvi g qi Dci Ryjyg-wbh vzb Ki e bv (kiûmmybœvn9/11, wgikvz 6/241) GKRb K Z`v mi Dc `k : wewkó gynvwïm Avãyjøvn web gyevi Ki wczvi NUbv wzwb wq jb GKRb K Z`vm g wb ei evmv b KvR Ki Zb GK`v Zv K Zvi gwbe wb Ri GKgvÎ g qi e vcv i civgk P q e jb, gyevik! Avgvi g q K A b K weevn Ki Z AvMÖnx Ges BwZg a GKvwaK cö ÍveI G m Q GLb Avwg Kvi mv _ Avgvi g q K weevn `e G e vcv i Zvgvi AwfgZ Kx? DË i gyevik e jb- Ò n Avgvi gwbe! weevn-kv`x Z gvby li jÿ D Ïk I AwfcÖvq wfbœ wfbœ n q _v K 1. Rv njx hy Mi jv Kiv esk gh v`v I AvwfRvZ Zv ` L weevn KiZ 2. Bû`x m úà vq weevn K i m ú` ` L 3. wlª vb m úà vq weevn K i mš `h ` L 4. Avi D Z gynv v`x (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi ˆewkó n jv Zviv weevn K i Øxb ` L A_ vr Zv `i g a me vwak m vb, gh v`vi gn Z i AwaKvix n jv Øxb`vi kªyxi jv Kiv gwbe gyevi Ki gy L `yj f GB Dc `k ï b Awff Z n jb, N i wd i g qi gv K m ^vab K i e jb Avjøvni Kmg! gyevikb Avgvi g qi GKgvÎ Dchy³ cvî! AZtci wb Ri g q K Zvi mv _ cwiyq m~ Î Ave K i `b Zvi M f B Rb jvf K ib wewkó gynvwïm Avãyjøvn (in.) (wgiõavzzj wrbvb, Avãyjøvn web gyevi Ki Rxebx 1/379) AZ ší Av ÿ ci mv _ ej Z nq AvR Avgiv weevn-kv`x Z wb R `i HwZn Q o Kvb RvwZi AbymiY K i hvw Q? GKRb Bû`xi AwfgZ : nvkxgyj D Z Avkivd Avjx _vbfx (in.) GKRb eyhy M i NUbv D jøl K i e jb h, IB eyhy M i GKwU g q wqj, hvi weev ni GKvwaK cqmvg IB eyhy M i wbku G mwqj ZLb wzwb Zvi cöwz ekx Bû`x _ K civgk P q ej jb, AgyK AgyK RvqMv _ K Avgvi g qi Rb weev ni cö Íve G m Q Zvgvi ` wó Z Kvb RvqMvwU ewk Dc hvmx e j g b nq cö_gzt IB Bû`x AcviMZv cökvk K i ejj, Avwg wfbœ a g i gvbyl, AZGe Avgvi mv _ G e vcv i civgk bv KivB DwPZ ZLb eyhym ej jb, Zzwg gymjgvb bv n ji GKRb f`ª gvbyl fyj civgk Zzwg w` Z cvi bv AZGe Zzwg wbwø avq civgk w` Z cvi ZLb IB Bû`x ejj, Avwg ï bwq Avcbvi bex (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) e j Qb, GKRb g q K weevn Kivi ÿ Î PviwU wrwbm jÿ Kiv nq 1. m ú` 2. mš `h 3. eskxq gh v`v 4. Øxb AZtci wzwb (ivm~jyjøvn mv.) e j Qb, Zvgiv Øxb`v ii mv _ ˆeevwnK m úk Movi AvcÖvY Póv Ki mdjkvg n e (eylvix nv`xm bs 5090) AZGe evsv Mj, Avcbvi a g me P q ewk g~j evb I `Lvi wrwbm n jv Øxb myzivs Avgvi AwfgZ n jv, G ch ší hviv hviv Avcbvi Kv Q weev ni cqmvg cvwv q Q Zv `i Kv iv g a cy ivcywi Øxb bb? Avgvi `Lv GKRb Zv j e Bjg h Avcbvi gmwr `B _v K m eo Øxb`vi me mgq Avjøvni Bev` Z gk j _v K Avcbvi g q K Zvi mv _ weevn Kwi q w`b BbkvAvjøvn! eikz n e AZtci IB eyhym IB Zv j e Bj gi mv _ wb Ri g qi weevn w` q `b Ges Zvi g q cy iv Rxeb my L-kvwšÍ Z K U hvq (Bmjvgx kv`x c : 80) (Pj e BbkvAvjøvn) ZvnKxK I MÖš bvq : gydzx b~i gynv ` gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 17

gvwmk Avj-Aveiv ii MÖvnK I G R U niqvi wbqgvewj G R U niqvi wbqg MÖvnK niqvi wbqg * Kgc ÿ 10 Kwci G RwÝ `qv evwl K Pvù vi nvi nq `k mva.wvk iwr.wvk * 20 _ K 50 Kwc ch ší 1wU, 50 # evsjv `k 300 350 _ K 100 ch ší 2wU, AvbycvwZK # mvk fz³ `kmg~n 800 1000 nv i mšrb Kwc `qv nq # ga cövp 1180 1300 * cwîkv wfwcg j cvvv bv nq # gvj qwkqv, wm½vcyi, * RjvwfwËK G R U `i cöwz B `v bwkqv 1300 1500 Kzwiqv i cwîkv cvvv bv nq # BD ivc, A ªwjqv 1600 1800 jb `b AbjvB bi gva g Kiv # Av gwikv 1800 2100 hv e 1 eq ii wb P MÖvnK Kiv nq bv MÖvnK Puv`v gwbaw vi, * 25% Kwgkb `qv nq mivmwi Awd m ev AbjvBb e vs Ki gva g cvvv bv hvq * G R U `i _ K AMÖxg ev e vsk A vkvd U : RvgvbZ bqv nq bv kvnrvjvj Bmjvgx e vsk wjwg UW * G R UMY h Kv bv mgq cwîkvi Avj-Aveivi-401913100000129 msl v e w K i AW vi w` Z Avj-Avivdvn Bmjvgx e vsk wjwg UW cv ib Avj-Aveivi-0861220000314 Pkgvi RM Z hym hym a i wel vz I wek Í gneye AcwUªK vj Kvs GLv b AZ vaywbk gwk bi mvnv h Pÿz cixÿv Kiv nq cvbkvwi I LyPiv `wk-we `wk Pkgv myjf g~ j wewµ Kiv nq 12 cvuzqvuzwj ivw, XvKv 1100 dvb : 02-7115380, 02-7119911 13 MÖxb mycvi gv K U, MÖxb ivw, XvKv-1215 dvb : 02-9113851 gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 18

Òwmiv Z gȳ ÍvKxgÓ ev mij c_-11 gvijvbv gydzx gbm~iæj nk nv`xm I mybœvni cv_ K : GLb Avgiv nv`xm I mybœvni cv_ K wb q Av jvpbv Kie h, nv`xm Kx wrwbm Avi mybœvn Kx wrwbm? nv`xm kix di wekvj fvðv i jÿ Ki j `Lv hvq, bexwr (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) wewfbœ nv`x m Avgv `i K mybœvni Abymi Yi wb ` k w` q Qb Ges mybœvn Abymi Yi wewbg q Kvwgqvexi cöwzköæwz w` q Qb hgb: bexwr (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) GK nv`x m Bikv` K ib- ÒAvwg Zvgv `i gv S `yõwu wrwbm i L Mjvg, hzÿy Zvgiv G `yõ Uv K AuvK o ivl e, wkqz ZB c_åó n e bv Avjøvni wkzve I Zuvi ivm~ ji mybœvn (gyqvëv Bgvg gv jk nv. 685) G nv`x m bexwr (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) åózv _ K myiÿvi Rb Avjøvni wkzve I Zuvi ivm~ ji mybœvn K AuvK o aivi wb ` k w` q Qb cÿvší i kl hvgvbvq åvší` ji Kvh µg evsv Z wm q Bikv` K i Qb- ÒAv Lix hvgvbvq A bk `v¾vji Pig wg_y K jv Ki Avwef ve n e Zviv Zvgv `i wbku Ggb Ggb nv`xm ck Ki e, hv ZvgivI kvbwb Zvgv `i evc-`v`vivi k v b w b m v e a v b! Z v g i v wb R `i K Zv `i _ K euvwp q Pj e hb Zviv Zvgv `i K weåvší Ki Z bv cv i Ges dzbvq dj Z bv cv i Ó (gymwjg kixd nv.7) GB nv`x m bexwr (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) åvší` ji Kvh Kjvc ey bvi ÿ Î nv`xm kã e envi K i Qb h, Zviv Ggb me nv`xm e j Zvgv `i K auvkv ` e, hv Zvgiv KD kvbwb `Lv hv Q, GKw` K wzwb mybœvn g b Pjv I Zuvi Abymi Yi wb ` k w` Qb, Ab w` K nv`x mi bvg fvov bv dzbvkvix `i _ K mzk Ki Qb G Rb eys Z n e, G `yõ Uvi g a cv_ K Kv_vq? e Z mybœvn Gi A_ Ôc_Õ GLv b D Ïk D Zi Pjvi c_ Avi mybœvz ejv nq IB nv`xm K hvi g a `yõ Uv kz cviqv hvq A_ vr `yõwu kz cviqv M j kixq Zi cwifvlvq mb nv`xm K ÔmybœvnÕ ejv n e cö_g kz : bexwr (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) nv`xmwu D Zi Avg ji Rb e j Qb wøzxq kz : nv`x mi weavbwu bexwr (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi BwšÍKvj ch ší envj wqj; iwnz nqwb cö_g k Z i e vl v : b e x w R ( m v j ø v j ø v û A v j v B w n Iqvmvjøvg)-Gi A bk K_v I KvR Ggb wqj, hv Zuvi wb Ri m ½ ev Kv bv mvnvexi m ½ ev Kv bv v bi m ½ wbw` ó wqj Gme K_v I KvR K mybœvn ejv hv e bv D`vniYZ: wzwb GKB m ½ Pv ii AwaK x wb Ri AwaKv i i L Qb GZRb xi g a mgzv iÿv K i Pjv AZ ší KwVb e vcvi Zv m Ë I wzwb Avjøvn ZvÕAvjvi wb ` k Zv Ki Z eva n q Qb Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv nvrvi nvrvi gwnjv mvnvex `i g a Øx bi ZvÕjxg cöpv ii e nëi ^v _ bexwr (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg)- K GZ jv x weev ni wb ` k w` q Qb hb G `i gva g D Zi gwnjvmy Zv `i Riæwi gvmavjv gvmvcj bexwr (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) _ K R b w b Z cv ib nv`x mi wkzvemg~ n mvaviy gwnjv `i KZ K D vnvzzj gyõwgbxb `i gva g bexwr (mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg) _ K Øx bi Riæwi welqvw` wr Ám K i K i Avgj Kivi eû NUbv ewy Z Av Q hv nvk wzwb GK mv _ GZ jv x K wb Ri AwaKv i i L Qb e j nv`x m ewy Z n q Q wkš wzwb wk Avgv `i Rb I Zv Kivi AbygwZ w` q Qb? bv, eis GB gvwmk Avj-Aveivi 19