BCH 400/600 Introductory Biochemistry Instructor: David Shintani Office: 311C Fleischmann Ag. Lab: 308 Fleischmann Ag. E-mail: shintani@unr.edu Phone: (775) 784-4631
Before BCH 400 BCH 400 is heavy on content!!! After BCH 400
Come to class!!!!!!
Try not to fall behind!!
Review lecture notes. http://www.ag.unr.edu/shintani/bch400-600/index.html Read book chapters. Principles of Biochemistry 4 th Edition Principles of Biochemistry 3 rd Edition
Use tools to memorize Histidine?
Study in groups
Participate in the clicker system!!! 20 extra credit points!!
Feel Free My Or e-mail office me hours for are a Tuedays from 2:00 to private see audience to 3:00 me! PM
What is Biochemistry? Biochemistry = chemistry of life. Biochemists use physical and chemical principles to explain biology at the molecular level. Basic principles of biochemistry are common to all living organism
How does biochemistry Medicine impact you? Agriculture Industrial applications Environmental applications
Principle Areas of Biochemistry Structure and function of biological macromolecules Metabolism anabolic and catabolic processes. Molecular Genetics How life is replicated. Regulation of protein synthesis
Life Before Biochemistry
Once upon a time, a long long time ago.. Vitalism: idea that substances and processes associated with living organisms did not behave according to the known laws of physics and chemistry Evidence: 1) Only living things have a high degree of complexity 2) Only living things extract, transform and utilize energy from their environment 3) Only living things are capable of self assembly and self replication
Origins of Biochemistry: A challenge to Vitalism. Famous Dead Biochemist!
Fallacy #1: Biochemicals can only be produced by living organisms Dead Biochemist #1 1828 Friedrich Wohler
Fallacy #2: Complex bioconversion of chemical substances require living matter Dead Biochemists #2 1897 Eduard Buchner Glucose + Dead Yeast = Alcohol
Fallacy #2: Complex bioconversion of chemical substances require living matter Dead Biochemists #3 Emil Fischer
Fallacy #2: Complex bioconversion of chemical substances require living matter Dead Biochemists #4 1926 J.B. Sumner
Findings of other famous dead biochemist 1944 Avery, MacLeod and McCarty identified DNA as information molecules 1953 Watson (still alive) and Crick proposed the structure of DNA 1958 Crick proposed the central dogma of biology
Organization of Life elements simple organic compounds (monomers) macromolecules (polymers) supramolecular structures organelles cells tissues organisms
Range of the sizes of objects studies by Biochemist and Biologist 1 angstrom = 0.1 nm
Elements of Life Most abundant, essential for all organisms: C, N, O, P, S, H Less abundant, essential for all organisms : Na, Mg, K, Ca, Cl Trace levels, essential for all organism: Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn Trace levels, essential for some organisms: V, Cr, Mo, B, Al, Ga, Sn, Si, As, Se, I,
Important compounds, functional groups
Many Important Biomolecules are Polymers lipids proteins carbo nucleic acids monomer fatty acid amino acid glucose nucleotide polymer phospholipid protein subunit cellulose DNA supramolecular structure membrane protein complex cell wall chromosome
Lipids monomer fatty acid polymer supramolecular structure phospholipid membrane
Proteins monomer amino acid polymer protein subunit supramolecular structure Enzyme complex
Carbohydrates monomer glucose polymer supramolecular structure cellulose cell wall
Nucleic Acids monomer nucleotide polymer supramolecular structure DNA chromatin
Common theme: Monomers form polymers through condensations Polymers are broken down through hydrolysis.
Prokaryote Cell
Cellular Organization of an E. coli Cell 200 300 mg protein / ml cytoplasm
Eukaryote Cell