Skills Worksheet Directed Reading B Section: What Is Energy? ENERGY AND WORK: WORKING TOGETHER 1. What do you call the ability to do work? a. movement b. energy c. power d. force KINETIC ENERGY 2. What is the energy of motion? a. potential energy b. mechanical energy c. kinetic energy d. force energy Kinetic Energy Depends on Mass and Speed 3. In the formula for kinetic energy, what does the m stand for? a. measurement b. mechanical energy c. mass d. meter 4. When a moving object has a greater mass, what happens to its kinetic energy? a. Its kinetic energy becomes greater. b. Its kinetic energy becomes less. c. Its kinetic energy stays the same. d. Its kinetic energy stays the same and then becomes less. Holt Science and Technology 12 Energy and Energy Resources
5. Which type of energy does speed have the greatest affect on? a. kinetic energy b. mechanical energy c. potential energy d. force energy POTENTIAL ENERGY 6. What is the energy an object has because of its position? a. mechanical energy b. potential energy c. kinetic energy d. thermal energy Gravitational Potential Energy 7. When you use force against an object, what are you giving the object? a. mechanical energy b. wind energy c. gravitational potential energy d. thermal energy Calculating Gravitational Potential Energy 8. The amount of gravitational potential energy that an object has depends on what? a. the object s height and circumference b. the object s weight and height c. the object s weight and energy d. the object s height and energy Holt Science and Technology 13 Energy and Energy Resources
9. Which is the formula for gravitational potential energy? a. gravitational potential energy = kinetic energy potential energy b. gravitational potential energy = kinetic energy potential energy c. gravitational potential energy = weight height d. gravitational potential energy = weight height Height Above What? 10. If an egg is sitting on a kitchen counter, what would you measure to determine its gravitational potential energy? a. the egg s height from the ceiling b. the egg s kinetic energy c. the egg s length d. the eggs height from the floor MECHANICAL ENERGY 11. What is the total energy of motion and position of an object? a. potential energy b. gravitational potential energy c. mechanical energy d. kinetic energy 12. Which is the formula for finding mechanical energy? a. mechanical energy = potential energy kinetic energy b. mechanical energy = potential energy kinetic energy c. mechanical energy = potential energy gravitational potential energy d. mechanical energy = potential energy gravitational potential energy Holt Science and Technology 14 Energy and Energy Resources
Mechanical Energy in a Juggler s Pin Circle the letter of the best answer for the question. 13. When the juggler moves the pin, what kind of energy is moved to the pin? a. potential energy b. kinetic energy c. mechanical energy d. gravitational potential energy OTHER FORMS OF ENERGY Read the description. Then, draw a line from the dot next to each description to the matching word. 14. energy caused by an object s vibrations 15. energy that comes from changes in the nucleus of an atom 16. all of the kinetic energy due to random motion of the particles that make up an object a. sound energy b. thermal energy c. nuclear energy 17. energy of moving electrons 18. energy of a compound that changes as its atoms are rearranged. 19. energy produced by the vibrations of electrically charged particles a. light energy b. chemical energy c. electrical energy Holt Science and Technology 15 Energy and Energy Resources
20. How do particles move at higher temperatures when compared to particles at lower temperatures? a. they move slower b. they move faster c. they move at the same speed d. they move in circles 21. What turns inside a generator to make energy at a power plant? a. a loop b. a fan c. a magnet d. a ball Read the words. Read the sentences. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. fission fusion potential energy matter 22. Chemical energy is a form of energy. 23. Unlike sound energy, light energy does not need to travel through. 24. A nuclear reaction called produces the sun s light and heat. 25. The electrical energy at nuclear power plants is made by. Holt Science and Technology 16 Energy and Energy Resources
TEACHER RESOURCE PAGE 11. energy 12. thermal 13. thermal 14. friction 15. It leaves through the radiator and exhaust pipe. 16. perpetual motion machine 17. a constant supply of energy 18. thermal energy 19. Energy efficiency is a comparison of the amount of useful energy after a conversion. 20. shape 21. energy efficiency 22. conversions SECTION: ENERGY RESOURCES 1. energy resource 2. sun 3. C 4. A 5. coal, petroleum, natural gas 6. energy 7. electrical energy 8. gas, kerosene, wax 9. Answers will vary. Sample answers: heating systems, vehicles 10. electrical generator 11. electric current 12. thermal 13. kinetic 14. radioactive 15. nuclear fission 16. The supply of uranium is limited. 17. D 18. Answers will vary. Sample answers: solar energy; water energy; wind energy 19. solar cells 20. through large windows 21. kinetic 22. Falling water turns a turbine in the dam. The turbine is connected to a generator that changes the kinetic energy into electric energy. 23. The uneven heating of Earth s surface causes wind. 24. kinetic 25. electrical 26. geothermal energy 27. rock 28. biomass 29. Answers will vary. Sample answer: They pollute the air. 30. Answers will vary. Sample answer: It is difficult to generate large amounts of solar energy. 31. Answers will vary. Sample answer: The dams can affect the ecology of a river. Directed Reading B SECTION: WHAT IS ENERGY? 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. C 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. B 21. C 22. potential 23. matter 24. fission 25. fission SECTION: ENERGY CONVERSIONS 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. kinetic 9. thermal 10. light 11. photosynthesis 12. chemical 13. C 14. C 15. kinetic 16. machine Holt Science and Technology 100 Energy and Energy Resources