Year 7 Science - Learning Aims Learning Aim 1 - Beginning 2 - Working towards 3 - Secure 4 - Mastered 1 2 7.1.1 Scientific enquiry Observe, interpret and record cell structures using a light microscope to demonstrate that cells are the fundamental unit of living organisms. 7.1.2 Scientific enquiry Observe, interpret and record cell structures using a light microscope to demonstrate that cells are the fundamental unit of living organisms. Describe how to observe, interpret, and record cell structures using a light microscope. Label parts of eukaryotic cells. Both plant and animal. You are able to successfully label all parts of a microscope Recognise different cellular structures found in eukaryotic cells. Explain how each part of the microscope functions. Describe the functions of eukaryotic cell organelles. Evaluate how a microscope works and how a microscope has improved our understanding of society, environment and improved economy. Compare plant and animal cells, explaining how their differences allow them to survive in their environment. 3 7.1.3 Scientific understanding Distinguish between specialised cells in eukaryotic organisms. Define speicalised cells as undifferentiated cells. Describe their role. Give examples of specialised cells and where they are found in eukaryotic cells. Include sperm, root hair, red blood cell, ovum, leaf palisade. Explain the adaptations of specialised cells. Link the adaptations of specialised cells to their environments. 4 Scientific understanding Distinguish between unicellular and multicellular organisms. Define the term unicellular. Give examples of unicellular organisms. Describe what makes them unicellular. Explain the structural adaptations of the following multicellular organisms: Bacteria, Protzoa, unicellular fungi (yeast). Describe the hierarchical organisation of multicellular organisms from cells to tissues to organs to systems to organisms. Give examples of different organ systems and how they allow humans to function. 5 Scientific understanding - Apply diffusion to cellular bodies. Define diffusion using simple demonstrations to aid explanation. Define diffusion giving examples Discuss oxygen, carbon of the molecules that can diffuse. dioxide and glucose in terms Oxygen, glucose, carbon dioxide. of the respiration equation, and the body systems that supply the molecules. Compare normal diffusion, facillitated diffusion and active transport.
6 Scientific understanding Describe and apply the particle model. Identify solids, liquids, gases and plasmas. Recall properties of solids, liquids and gases. Draw particle models of solids, liquids and gases in different scenarios, describing their nature. Explain how a materials properties are due to the arrangement of particles. 7 Scientific understanding Understand changes in state. Identify changes of state (melting, freezing, boiling, evaporation and sublimation) with references to the particle model. Define melting point and boiling point, and interpret data on these temperatures. Predict the state of a substance at a particular temperature based on its melting and boiling point. Compare the energy changes involved in each state. 8 Scientific understanding Revist diffusion in terms of chemistry. Describe diffusion using the particle model. Create your own model to show diffusion. Explain how temperature, particle size and the state of the substance affect the speed of diffusion. Evaluate evidence for diffusion. 9 Scientific enquiry Demonstrate and apply understanding of gas pressure. Explain gas pressure using ideas about particle collisions. Explain how the number of particles and temperature affect gas pressure Create a model to show gas Give examples in everyday pressure to include the life where we rely upon gas effect of particle number and pressure. temperature 10 Scientific understanding Understand how a change can be caused by a force. Describe forces as pushes or pulls Demonstrate the effect of multiple forces. Add force arrows to diagrams, and vector addition of force in one direction. Show how friction opposes motion and investigate how different surfaces and normal force on friction. Describe forces associated with deforming objects, stretching and squashing, springs. To include graph analysis to justify description. 11 Scientific enquiry Measure forces. Recall the definition of a Newton. Calculate weight in different scenarios using maths skills. Discuss weight as a force and its measurement and varience with mass. Show the effect of drag due to air and water resistance on a moving object. To include any object moving through a fluid that experiences a resistive force that will oppose its motion.
12 Lab Skills (Section A) - Understand key scientific definitions. Research the meanings of the terms accuracy, precision, repeatability, reproducability. Apply key scientific definitions when provided with different scenarios. Include accuracy, precision, repeatability, reproducability. Use maths skills to work out if data is accurate and precise. Carry out Biology, Chemistry and Physics data tasks. 13 Lab Skills (Section A) - Develop scientific inquiry. Ask questions for research based on observations, prior knowledge and experience. Make a simple prediction Write a complex hypothesis incorporating relevant understanding into the hypothesis. Identify independent, dependent and control variables. 14 Lab Skills (Section A) - Develop planning skills. Plan an investigation to collect appropriate data. Select appropriate apparatus. Explain choices of equipment based on precision, easy of data collection and safety. Create a risk assessment for the investigation. 15 Lab Skills (Section A) - Work safely in the laboratory. Identify common hazards in the lab environment Be familiar with common hazard symbols. Select appropriate PPE, justify your selection. Identify appropriate control measures and justify them. 16 Lab Skills (Section A) - Take suitable measurements. Create labelled tables of results for given hypothesis. Select appropriate equipment with which to make measurements, and justify why you have selected specific apparatus. Draw and analyse bar, and line graphs. Appreciate the limits of precision of equipment. 17 7.4.1 - Scientific understanding - Reproduction in mammals. Recall the main parts of the female and male reproductive system (include vagina, cervix, womb, fallopian tube penis, testicle, sperm duct). Label diagrams of each system. Explain the function of each part of the reproductive system. Evaluate external and internal fertilisation.
18 Scientific understanding - The menstrual cycle Describe the timeline of events during the menstural cycle. Know what stage in the cylce the egg is released, the lining is at its thickest, and when the lining starts to break down during menstruation. State and justify when a female is most likely to become pregnant. Evaluate different forms of contraception. 19 Scientific understanding Explain the creation of gametes. Identify gametes in males and females. Explain why gametes only have Compare gametes amongst half the number of chromosomes different organisms. Explain meiosis. 20 Scientific understanding - Explain the process involved from gestation to birth. Describe what happens over the course of pregnancy. Explain the role of the placenta and unbilical cord in supporting the foetus. Study the relationship between body mass and gestation time in mammals. Analyse data and draw conclusions. Explain why it is important for pregnant women to avoid alcohol, drugs and smoking during pregnancy. 21 Scientific understanding - Reproduction in plants Describe the structure of a flower. Explain the process of wind and insect pollination. Explain the process of fertilisation in flowering plants Explain seed and fruit formation and their dispursion. 22 7.4.12 - Scientific understanding - Explain photosynthesis Know the reactants and products of the photosynthesis equation Display photosynthesis as a word equestion. Write photosynthesis as a symbol equation. Be able to describe and explain the experimental outcomes of limiting a plant to light and carbin dioxide. Use graphical data to back up responses. 23 7.4.13-7.4.15 - Scientific understanding - Plant adaptations sustain life. Label the structures in a leaf. Describe how leaves are adapted to do photosynthesis. Include guard cells, stomata, palicade cells. Explain how the products of photosynthesis as stored and used. Explain how almost all life on Earth depends on plants and algae.
24 7.5.1-7.5.6 Scientific understanding - acids and alkalis Qualitatively show and describe that some substances are acids, and some substances are alkalis. Use a ph probe where possible Understand that we measure the strength of acids and alkalis on a ph scale. Label selected strong and weak acids and alkalis onto a ph scale. Demonstrate that the colour produced by universal indicator describes the ph of a solution. Have a knowledge of colours associated with particular ph values. Compare strong and weak acids and alkalis. To include that strong acids and alkalis are corrosive, and weak acids and alkalis are irritants. 25 Scientific understanding - demonstrate what happens when acids are reacted with other substances. Describe what chemical reaction happens when an acid reacts with an alkali. To include the term neutralisation. Write a word equation to show what happens when an acid reacts with an alkali. demonstrate that different acids react chemically with metals to produce hydrogen gas and a metal salt. Be able to describe the test for the production of hydrogen gas. Predict word equations for the reactions of metals and acids. 26 7.6.1 - Scientific understanding - balanced and unbalanced forces. Describe how weight supported by a stretched spring is in equilibrium as the forces are in equal but opposite directions. Explain how an object at rest on a surface applies a downwards force due to its weight, the surface is compressed and provides an equal but opposite force to balance this. Explain how an unbalanced force is required to cause objects to start or stop moving, or to change their speed or direction of motion (qualitative only). Quantitatively show that the change in an object s velocity is proportional to the size and direction of the force applied. Speed and the quantitative relationship between average speed, distance and time. 27 7.6.2 - Scientific understanding - Hooke's Law Define Hooke's Law Demonstrate for elastic materials, the extension exhibited is directly proportional to the force applied. Show that energy is stored in a deformed elastic object as work has been done in forcing that deformation. Use maths skills to calculate Hooke's Law 28 7.6.3-7.6.5 - Scientific understanding - Noncontact forces Providing examples, describe how some forces do not require direct contact to act between two objects - it occurs over a distance Describe the specific cases of (a) gravity and (b) repulsion and attraction between magnets as non-contact forces. Explain how objects can become statically charged. Apply understanding of static to explain how photocopiers and paint spray guns work.
29 DA1 - Data analysis skills - Mathematical concepts. Be able to rearrange mathematical equations. Round decimal places or significant figures and select an appropriate level precision. Read scales and measurements from typical scientific lab equipmant. Convert between units. 30 DA2 - Data analysis skills - Displaying data. Correctly identify continuous and discrete data. Draw a bar chart in order to display discrete data. Draw a scatter diagram to display continuous data. Draw lines of best fit. 31 DA3 - Data analysis skills - patterns and conclusions. Describe trends in data from graphs. Use numerical data from graphs to comment on the range of data. Identify and discuss patterns and trends in tabular data. Interpolate from tabular or graphic data to determine an unknown data point. 32 DA4 + DA 5 -Data analysis skills - Statistical techniques. Identify anomalous results in tabular or graphic data Calculate the mean of a data set. Calculate the mean of a data set removing anomalous data. Add range bars to graphs.