Unit 2 Text Worksheet # 2 Read Pages 74-77 1. Using fig. 5.1 on page 75 identify: Climatic Region the most widespread climatic region in the low latitudes two climatic subregions with dry conditions for most of the year the climatic region most widespread in North Africa the continents that do not experience continental climates the climatic region in which you live Tropical Climates Semi-arid or Steppe and Arid or Desert Arid or Desert Australia, South America and Africa Subpolar 2. Using your own words and terms from fig. 5.3 on page 76, describe the following climographs: _Warm all year long with high amounts of precipitation all year. _Temperature in the coldest month is below -3 and there is an even distribution of precipitation throughout the year. Moderate rainfall. _Hot temperatures all year long and a wet season in the summer and a dry season in the winter. (Monsoon)
_Hot summer and cool winter with very little precipitation throughout the year. (Semi-arid or desert) A. Which two stations has the highest temperature range? Montreal and Alice Springs B. How do you account for the reversal of the seasons between the two stations? The two stations are in different hemispheres. Montreal being in the northern hemisphere and Alice Springs in the southern hemisphere C. Find each station on the map in fig. 5.1 on page 75 and identify its climatic region. Location Georgetown, Guyana Bombay, India Montreal, Canada Alice Springs, Australia Climatic Region Tropical Wet tropical wet and Dry Temperate Continental; cold winter winters, warm summers Tropical Desert; Arid 3. Fig. 5.4 shows three unlabelled climographs. Match them to either and explain your choices: (the numbers correspond to these locations) (top left, top right, bottom) A. Toronto, Canada Top Right B. Christchurch, New Zealand Top Left C. Singapore Bottom Middle
4. According to the climograph data you have seen so far, what general effect does distance from the equator have on temperature of a climatic region? The general temperature of a climate region lowers as one moves farther north and south from the equator Read Pages 77-82 5. Examine the climagraph below. Which statement best describes the climate represented? Answer: C Evaporation exceeds precipitation and F temperature remains high all year during both the day and night A. The rainy season experiences high rainfall. B. Changes in season are marked by temperature. C. Evaporation exceeds precipitation. D. High temperatures and heavy rainfall occur all year. E. Summers are hot, while winters are cool and dry. F. Temperatures remain high all year during both the day and night. G. Winters are long and cold; summers are short and warm. 6. What factors most influence the climate region of your community? Summers are coll but winters are relatively mild, considering that Newfoundland is so far north. Latitude is a factor. If the province was ten degrees further south, the climate would be more agreeable. The cold Labrador current keeps summers cool and wet along the coast, but the climate can be much warmer inland. Atlantic storms sweep in unpredictably, and there can be blizzards and heavy rain when the moist air rises over the mountains, especially along the coastal regions. Fog is also a common characteristic especially along the Avalon peninsula. Read Pages 82-84 Case Study Growing Coffee in Brazil 7. Summarize the information in the case study in a calendar timeline. Mark the sequence of activities required to grow coffee. Also show how the activities relate to specific climatic conditions.
- Beginning of the rainy season is good for planting seedlings, which need plenty of water to grow. - hoeing is required to reduce competition for moisture and nutrients - winter brings a chance of frost - the dry, cool weather of winter helps the berries dry 8. Examine fig. 5.13 on page 84. The cost of the holiday package advertised is $1169 for departure in January from Toronto. The same package costs $929 for departure in early September. A. Why is there a cost difference? Many more Canadians wish to escape the Canadian winter than the Canadian Fall, when Canadian weather is comparatively better. Thus travel agencies take advantage of this demand by asking higher prices in the peak demand seasons. B. What does this cost difference say about the effect of climatic conditions on human activity? _This illustrates that climatic conditions can greatly affect when and what humans do, particularly in terms of recreation. Read Pages 84-89 Read the Case Study Tornado Kills 400 in Bangladesh 9. Identify the factors which account for why the Bangladesh tornado was so destructive. _ - the suddenness of the event - the density of the population in the area it struck - the substandard housing that, which caused many buildings to collapse or break apart into flying debris, thereby causing many deaths and injuries - the poor communication between the disaster site and emergency workers and hospitals - poor preparation by relief workers and hospitals Read the Case Study Hurricane Damage Protection in Florida 10. What were the measures in Bangladesh meant to protect? they were meant to protect people primarily and to warn them to get to emergency shelters. 11. What were the measures in the US measures meant to protect? The measures in the United states were aimed chiefly at protecting property loss and preventing damages to homes, in particular interior damage. The protection of property translates into less demand on the insurance companies that must compensate for property loss during a hurricane. 12. Compare the methods used to reduce the risk of storm wind and wave damage in Bangladesh and Southern Florida. _The Bangladesh methods consisted of building concrete shelters to protect people from harm during the storms and of instituting early warning systems to alert people about coming storms so they would have time to get to shelters.
The US methods placed responsibility on residents to follow strict construction codes in building their homes and places of businesses. By law, compliance with these codes required before insurance companies would insure against storm and flood damage. These measures included restricting buildings to specific areas and following strict requirements for building foundations and heights. Other measures included the installation of metal hurricane storm shutters to prevent interior damage. 13. How do the obstacles that prevent Bangladesh from reducing the risk to property relate to its level of development? Because Bangladesh is a developing country, it has limited resources to build up emergency response systems, develop volunteer programs and fund the construction of emergency shelters and early warning systems. It often has to rely on foreign aid to fund these preventive measures adequately. Further, most Bangladesh citizens cannot afford to insure their property or meet construction guidelines on their homes.