Workshop on ICT for Promoting Inclusive and Disaster Resilient Development Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia Sri Lanka Enhancing the Role of ICTs for Disaster Risk Management Kanchana Thudugala Programme Head, eservices Re-Engineering Government Programme, ICTA kanchanat@icta.lk 26/05/2015 1
An Integrated e~development Model ICT Agency of Sri Lanka (ICTA) ICTA Information and Communication Technology Agency of Sri Lanka Re-engineering Government PEACE e-society Vision : Take dividends of ICT to every village, to every citizen to every business & re-engineer the way government thinks & works ICT Policy, Leadership & Institutional Development Information Infrastructure EQUITY ICT Human Resources Capacity Building ICT Investment & Private Sector Development GROWTH Disaster Management Centre
Sri Lanka - Country background
Sri Lanka - Country background Source: Dr. Lareef, Columbia University
Rainfall
Floods during the North East Monsoon 26/05/2015 6
Floods during the South West Monsoon 26/05/2015 7
Landslides
Disaster Occurrences 2014 Summary of Statistics Impact 2013 2014 Deaths / Missing 140 154 Injured 225 80 Affected Population 574,130 2,702,545 Houses Destroyed 741 5,312 Houses Damaged 10,048 1,9495 Data Source: www.desinventar.lk
Disaster Risk Management leveraging ICT We are unable to prevent natural hazards occurring, However, We can prevent it from becoming a disaster, increasingly, by leveraging ICT
Disaster Risk Management leveraging ICT Near real time Satellite and Airborne information
Disaster Risk Management leveraging ICT Natural Hazard Attributes Time? of Hazard occurrences Location? Spatial Component Source (point, line or area) Area of Impact (line or area) Community, Media, Police and Military Authorities, Disaster Management Authorities Action - Emergency Operations - Evacuations - Rescue Operations Near real time Satellite and airborne information Can capture large extent spatially; and able to - identify source, - area of impact, and - further development
Sentinel Asia Concept Facility to receive near real time satellite imageries is limited A regional initiative named Sentinel Asia was initiated to overcome this obstacle Satellite Observation Information Provision Natural Hazard Data Utilization Space Agencies Human Network Disaster Management Agencies
Sentinel Asia WINDS Implementation Sentinel Asia Step2 system adopts idea of local mirroring, and will transfer data from Japan Central Sever to local mirrored server via WINDS and Internet. High speed communication ~51Mbps (shared by users) WINDS Regional Server and WINDS Antenna has been Re-Installed and tested on Feb 2015 Central Server
Summary of Operations Disaster Type Activation Requested Observation Conducted Map Disseminated Peak Time of Disaster 1 Floods 17th Dec 2009 18 Dec 2009 No map generated 16 Dec 2009 Result Un successful due to cloud 2 Floods 17 May 2010 19 May 2010 20 May 2010 18 May 2010 Successful 3 Floods 08 Dec 2010 09 Dec 2010 10 Dec 2010 8-10 Dec 2010 Successful 4 Floods 11 Jan 2011 13 Jan 2011 14 Jan 2011 10-12 Jan 2011 Successful 5 Floods 04 Feb 2011 06 Feb 2011 07 Feb 2011 03-05 Feb 2011 Successful 4 Landslide 01 Nov 2014 02 Nov 2014 Not generated 30 Oct 2014 Observation was Successful Results was not Successful
May 2010 Western Province 26/05/2015 16
May 2010 Western Province 26/05/2015 17
Flood February 2011 Eastern Province Sri Lanka 10.30 am 06 th Feb. 2011 PALSAR 6m 11.45 pm 06 th Feb. 2011 PALSAR 100m 26/05/2015 18
Near Real Time Rainfall Monitoring 26/05/2015 19
Near Real Time Rainfall Monitoring Rainfall coverage and Intensity 01/02 June 2014 Rainfall Intensity Data Source: DMC
UAV Technology for disaster monitoring UAVs Allow: Extreme Altitude Flight Continuous flight for hours to days No pilot on board Real-time telemetry capabilities Digital Imaging Sensors
Disaster Risk Management leveraging ICT Early Warning Dissemination
Technical Agencies involved in issuing warnings Department of Meteorology (DOM) National Building Research Organization (NBRO) Irrigation Department (IRD) Coast Conservation Department (CCD) National Aquatic Resources Research and Development Agency (NARA) Geological Survey & Mines Bureau (GSMB) Health Department (Epidemiology Unit)
Multi-Hazards Warning Dissemination System PWTS & JMA DOM NBRO NARA DOI GSMB CCD Atomic Energy Authority Regional & International Organizations Receiving Early Warnings Government Agencies, Critical Agencies & Stakeholders Police Media & General Public Military UN System, INGOs, NGOs Provincial Councils District Secretariats Divisional Secretariats Local Authorities Police Stations Hospitals Government Dpt. NGOs, CBOs Dissemination of Warning Multi-Hazards Early Warning Dissemination Unit of the DMC 24/7 Emergency Operation Rooms District Disaster Mngt. Committee Divisional Disaster Mngt. Committee Village level DM Committees Out Puts Speaker Sys. Bells / Sirens Messengers Riders / Cyclers Radio Comm SLT/ Dialog, SMS Fax Internet Satellite com Cell Broad. Police Com Military Com Warning Towers DEWNS Radio / TV
Description of information communication technologies Conventional methods such as telephone/ fax / mobile phones fast, low maintenance cost and easy to use. But could beak-down or become ineffective during emergencies due to congestion 25
Multi Hazard EW Towers Fast, reliable, centrally controllable; currently 77 established Situated in coastal areas within approximately 50 200 m from the sea shore Have a covering radius of 1.0 1.5 km Could control through telephone and satellite 26
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Disaster Early Warning Network (DEWN) (sponsored and service provided by telecom service providers) Cell broadcasting SMS DEWN Communication Device 28
Near Real Time Landslide Early Warning NBRO LANDSLIDE WARNING Traditional communication systems in villages Public Announcements through Radio, TV (Cyclones, Floods, Landslides) Public Evacuation 26/05/2015 29
Disaster Risk Management leveraging ICT Information sharing among stakeholder organizations (Data sharing and collaboration)
Components of Hazard Profile Floods Landslides Drought Cyclone Lightning Department of Irrigation National Building Research Organization Department of Agriculture Department of Meteorology Tsunami Sea Level Rise Storm Surge Coastal Erosion Coast Conservation Department
Data Sharing is Important!!! Organization Disaster Management Centre Role in Disaster Management Information Warning / Information Dissemination up to local level Primary Information Collected Feedback from citizen on 117 Disaster occurrences (www.desinventar.lk) Data Source Crowed sourcing Manual observation Department of Meteorology Weather forecast Tsunami Warning Cyclone Warning Rain, temperature and wind speed measurement Rain gauges Weather stations National Building Research Organization Landslide Warning Rain fall Rain gauges Irrigation Department River Flood Warning River flaw Rain fall Mahaweli Authority Reservoir Water Reservoir water level Level Information / Spill Gate Opening River gauges Rain gauges Water level sensors
Best Practices Hazard Maps National hazard maps for 09 hazards are available at http://www.dmc.gov.lk/hazard/index-2.html Tsunami Hazard - Batticaloa
Best Practices Hazard Maps Storm Surge Mannar Floods Kalu River
Buildings might affected by Tsunami Building Exposed to Tsunami 20% 28% 52% High Moderate Low Tsunami Level # Buildings High 7854 Moderate 4280 Low 3052 Total buildings 32,000 Total tsunami affected buildings 15,000
Early Warning Network Observation Information Transfer NARA IRD Observation DOI Data Analysis DOM CCD Information Transfer Community District DMC NBRO Evacuation Warning Warning Police Media Intra-government Network 26/05/2015 36
Lanka Government network 476 Government Organizations Presidential Secretariat Prime Ministers Office 46 Cabinet Ministries 60 Departments 22 Other GOV Organizations 18 District Secretariats 272 Divisional Secretariats 8 Chief Secretary Officers 32 Provincial Ministries 16 Provincial Departments
Geo-Portal for Risk Data Sharing /and Mobile app. Is this location hazard prone www.riskinfo.lk Under Construction.
Thank you.