Chapter 19
Atoms 0 Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. All matter is made of atoms. 0 Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter. They make up everything around us; Your desk, the board, your body, everything is made of atoms! 0 Atoms are too small to see without powerful microscopes.
1 Structure of the Atom Atomic Components An element is matter that is composed of one type of atom, which is the smallest piece of matter that still retains the property of the element. Atoms are composed of particles called protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Atomic Structure There are two basic components in every atom: Nucleus Electron Cloud
Subatomic Particles Three subatomic particles make up every atom: Subatomic Particle Charge Location Proton Positive (+) Nucleus or Core Neutron No Charge (0) Nucleus or Core Electron Negative (-) Electron Cloud, Outside of Nucleus
Subatomic Particles Nucleus or Core : Protons and Neutrons are found in the nucleus. Electron Cloud: Electrons orbit the nucleus.
Atomic Theory Timeline Scientist Information Model John Dalton All matter is made of atoms. Atoms are too small to see, indivisible and indestructible. All atoms of a given element are identical.
Atomic Theory Timeline Scientist Information Model J.J Thomson Discovered the negative electron, and predicted that there also must be something positive to hold the electrons in place.
Atomic Theory Timeline Scientist Information Model J.J Thomson Discovered the negative electron, and predicted that there also must be something positive to hold the electrons in place. Here is another drawing of the same atom model. This one is similar to the one pictured in your textbook.
Atomic Theory Timeline Scientist Information Model Ernest Rutherford Discovered the nucleus of an atom and named the positive particles in the nucleus protons. Concluded that electrons are scattered in empty space around the nucleus. electrons protons
Atomic Theory Timeline Scientist Information Model Ernest Rutherford Discovered the nucleus of an atom and named the positive particles in the nucleus protons. Concluded that electrons are scattered in empty space around the nucleus. Here is another drawing of the same atom model. This one is straight from your textbook.
Atomic Theory Timeline Scientist Information Model Niels Bohr Concluded that electrons are located in planet-like orbits around the nucleus in certain energy levels.
Atomic Theory Timeline Scientist Information Model Niels Bohr Concluded that electrons are located in planet-like orbits around the nucleus in certain energy levels. Here is another drawing of the same atom model. This one is straight from your textbook.
Scientist Information Model (Many Scientists!) The Modern Atomic Theory Electrons do not orbit the nucleus in neat planet-like orbits but move at high speeds in an electron cloud around the nucleus.
Scientist Information Model (Many Scientists!) The Modern Atomic Theory Electrons do not orbit the nucleus in neat planet-like orbits but move at high speeds in an electron cloud around the nucleus. Here is another drawing of the same atom model. This one is straight from your textbook.
1 Structure of the Atom Atomic Components Protons and neutrons are found in a small positively charged center of the atom called the nucleus that is surrounded by a cloud containing electrons. Protons are particles with an electrical charge of 1+. (+1
1 Structure of the Atom Atomic Components Electrons are particles with an electrical charge of 1. Neutrons are neutral particles that do not have an electrical charge. (+1
1 Structure of the Atom Quarks Even Smaller Particles Protons and neutrons are made up of smaller particles called quarks. (+1
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