New Fully ntrlled Sngle Phae PF Buck Tplgy. FENÃ PIES * J. FENN SI entr de utmátca da Unerdade Técnca de ba Prtugal * Ecla Superr de Tecnlga de Setúbal Inttut Pltécnc de Setúbal Prtugal epartament de Engenhara Electrtécnca e de mputadre Secçã de Máquna Eléctrca e Electrónca de Ptênca Inttut Superr Técnc ba Prtugal Phne (5) 65-79 Fax (5) 65-7869 E-Mal: pre@et.p.pt Phne (5) 65-79 Fax (5) 65-7869 E-Mal:ernand@ala.t.utl.pt btract - new ully cntrlled ngle-phae pwer-actrcrrectr (PF) buck tplgy preented. Th new tplgy ha eeral adantage er the clacal ully cntrlled nglephae PF buck tplgy. The wde rangng utput ne the man adantage nce the utput ltage can be dubled. nther adantage the hgher ecency th cnerter. The cntrl tratege r the utput dc ltage and nput ac current are al preented and dcued. T achee nudal nput current and hgh pwer actr a ldng mde cntrl the nput current prped. Prprtnal Integral (PI) cntrller adpted t regulate the utput ltage the cnerter. I. INTUTIN Pwer Factr rrectr tplge hae been ued a ac-dc pwer cnerter ntead dde r thyrtr recter. Wth th new tplge t pble t aty the requrement IEEE 59 and IE 6 tandard n the qualty the upply current waerm the ac-dc cnerter. Thee tandard recgnze the need r hgh qualty ngle and three-phae recter wth nput lne current preentng lw harmnc cntent and behang a hgh pwer actr lad. mng the eeral PF tplge the bt wtch-mde recter ha been the dmnant degn [] [] []. Th ltage-urce ac-dc cnerter baed n the tep-up peratn rm the upply ltage t the utput ltage that utput ltage lwer than the upply ltage peak cannt be btaned. Unlke the bt type the buck type ac-dc cnerter ha tep-dwn charactertc nce the utput ltage the recter lwer than the peak the nput ac ltage [] [5] [6]. It al prde lmtatn capablty nruh and dc-hrt-crcut current. Hweer the recter utput ltage lwer than the peak the nput ac ltage and there hgh number pwer emcnductr n the man path the current. Therere t extend the utput ltage range a new tplgy [7] ha been preented. Hweer th tplgy equalent t the ngle wtch buck tplgy [] [5]. nequently the qualty the nput lne current th tplgy t nt equalent t the ur-wtch buck cnerter [6]. In th paper a new tplgy wth a hgh qualty nput current and an extended ltage range prped. reduced number pwer emcnductr n the man path the current are al ne the man charactertc th tplgy. Therere th new buck tplgy can upply ltage up t the duble the peak ltage the nput urce. T cntrl the nput lne current a ldng mde apprach ued. utput ltage regulatn made ung a Prprtnal Integral (PI) cntrller. II. NETE TPGIES Fg. hw the clacal ully cntrlled ngle-phae PF buck tplgy ued t btan hgh pwer actr and nudal urce current. Th cnerter requre an lter ur wtche wth bplar ltage blckng capablty a reactr n the lnk and an utput capactr. Snce the wtche mut hae bplar ltage blckng capablty dece uch a punch-thrugh IGBT r MSFET need adnal ere dde ncurrng n greater cnductn l. Th cnerter ha tep-dwn charactertc nce the utput ltage the recter lwer than the peak the nput ac ltage. T btan an extended ltage range and reduce the number wtche n the man path the nput current the tplgy preented n Fg. prped. Therere th new ully cntrlled ngle-phae PF buck tplgy allw ncreang the ecency and utput ltage range. Th cnerter requre an lter ur wtche wth bplar ltage blckng capablty tw reactr wth magnetc cuplng n the lnk and tw utput capactr. Gen the charactertc the prped tplgy t can be named Hal-brdge ully cntrlled duble-buck PWM recter. S rec IGBT IGBT IGBT IGBT Fg.. PF ully cntrlled buck recter.
rec IGBT IGBT rec IGBT IGBT S IGBT IGBT S IGBT IGBT Fg.. Prped ully cntrlled duble-buck recter. III. PETIN F THE PPSE ETIFIE The llwng peratn tage the prped duble-buck recter n the pte hal cycle the urce ltage are decrbed. t Stage (Fg. ): Swtch S turned n and nductr tre energy uppled by the ac urce ltage. Therere the current n nductr wll ncreae and th current greater than current n nductr the ltage n capactr wll decreae and current n nductr wll ncreae. Fg.. Secnd tage. t Stage (Fg. 5): The ltage n capactr equal the ltage n capactr. Hal the tred energy n nductr tranerred t nductr and t capactr and trugh wtche S and S. The ltage n capactr wll ncreae and current n nductr wll decreae. S rec IGBT IGBT IGBT IGBT Fg. 5. Thrd tage. S rec IGBT IGBT IGBT IGBT t Stage (Fg. 6): Swtch S turned n and the tred energy n nductr tranerred t capactr. S the ltage n capactr wll ncreae and current n nductr wll decreae. Fg.. Frt tage. t Stage (Fg. ): Swtch S turned and wtche S and S are turned n. The energy tred n nductr tranerred t nductr and t the capactr trugh wtch S. The ltage n capactr wll ncreae and current n nductr wll decreae. S rec IGBT IGBT IGBT IGBT Fg. 6. Furth tage.
I. MEING THE NEW NETE The theretcally tudy the ttal crcut behar can be made rm the analy the derent peratn mde. The derental equatn r all the peratng mde can be deduced rm the repecte peratng crcut. T btan utable theretcal expren let u aume zer le n the nductr capactr and pwer emcnductr and a perect magnetc cuplng between the dc nductr. Therere rm the analy the ur peratn mde (ung the dplayed tate arable) a mpled tate-pace mdel the recter can be btaned: d d d β γ β γ β d d () Where the tate the wtche are repreented by the tme dependent arable k k {} dened a: Swtch n Swtch () Swtch n Swtch () Swtch n Swtch () Swtch n Swtch (5) The tme dependent arable k and k k {} are dened a: (6) (7) γ (8) γ (9) The arable β depend n the alue the lux and n the capactr ltage: β () The utput nductr current and can be calculated a: ()
[( ) ( ) ] [( ) ( ) ] ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) [( ) ( [( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ] I. NT SYSTEM () T cntrl the prped tplgy a cacade cntrl tructure cmped by an nner current lp and an external ltage lp wll be ued. Fr the nner current lp a ldng mde cntrl the nput lne current prped whch partcularly nteretng due t t knwn charactertc rbutne ytem rder reductn [78] and apprpratene t the n- behar pwer wtche. The external ltage lp cntrl the ampltude the current reerence the current cntrller. Therere t cntrl the utput ltage the prped recter a Prprtnal Integral (PI) cntrller degned. T degn the prped ldng mde current cntrller the nput lne current the cntrlled utput. Therere accrdng the cntrllablty canncal rm the ldng urace enurng the rbutne the cled lp ytem [78] : r S ( e e ) ( ) k ( θ θ ) θ re re () β ε Fg. 7. Three leel hteretc cmparatr. T btan the parameter r the ltage cntrller we aume that the nner lp ldng mde current cntrller enrce re behang lke a current cntrlled delayed current urce (th true nce the current mut exhbt a ater dynamc cmpared wth the dynamc ). Therere a qua rt rder lnear mdel the recter can be btaned a preented n (5). d ( ) - re S (5) lnear PI regulatr amplng the errr between the utput ltage reerence and the actual utput can be degned t prde the reerence alue r the current re nce there a drect relatnhp between the current and. Therere eq. (6) and (7) ge the re parameter the PI cntrller n whch t d the mall delay the current urce and ζ the requred dampng actr the reultng ª rder ytem. K P (6) ζ t d S ( e e ) ( ) θ re k k d re ( ) () K I (7) ζ t d where k the parameter related t the tme cntant the dered rt rder repne nput urce current (k). The wtchng trategy mplementatn accmplhed wth a three leel hyteretc cmparatr. The equalent hyter are ε and n rder t lmt the maxmum wtchng requency (Fg. 7).. SIMUTE ESUTS In rder t ery the prped recter mulatn reult are preented ung the parameter reprted n Table I.
TBE I NETE HTEISTIS max Fg. hw a reult the nductr current ( ) where we can ee the dcntnuty mde peratn th current. Th explaned by the magnetc cuplng between the nductr (Fg. and ). 5 5 mh mh 5 Ω µ F mf Fg. 8 hw a mulatn reult the nput ltage and lne current and t pble t cnrm that the prped recter prde almt nudal nput current and hgh pwer actr. The nput urce current dmnated by the man requency nud and the wtchng requency cmpnent are greatly attenuated. Fg. 9 hw a reult the recter nput current rec that cntrlled by the ur wtche. Th gure hw that the recter ully cntrlled nce n each hal cycle the nput current rec can be pte r negate. urrent [] 5-5 - -5.6.65.7.75.8.85.9.95. Tme [] Fg.. nductr current (). 6 5 ltage [*]; urrent [] - - urrent [] 5-6 -5.6.65.7.75.8.85.9.95. Tme [] - 5 Fg. 8. - Input urce ltage( ) - Input lne current ( ). -5.99.99.99.995.996.997.998.999. Tme [] Fg.. nductr current ( - and - ). urrent [] 5-5 - -5.6.65.7.75.8.85.9.95. Tme [] Fg. and hw a mulatn reult the PI cntrller t a reductn the MS nput ltage. Th reult hw that t pble t achee a ucently at ltage regulatn. Therere t pble t cnclude that the PI cntrller wth the parameter preented n eq. (6) and (7) adequate t be ued n th new tplgy a t preent gd teady tate and dynamc repne. Fg. 9. ecter nput current ( rec ).
ltage [] 5 5-5 ltage lp a prprtnal ntegral cntrller ha been dered. The degn the current and ltage cntrller parameter ha been dened t btan a hgh pwer actr wth gd utput ltage regulatn. Smulatn reult hwn the nu waehaped upply current leadng t near unty pwer actr and at utput ltage tranent repne. Therere th cnerter utable r ytem that requre gd qualty ac current and wdely cntrllable utput ltage. - -5 -..6.8...6 Tme [] Fg.. Input urce ltage( ). KNWEGMENT Th wrk upprted by FT PSI/FEE cntract n. PTI / 999 / ESE / 68. ltage [] 9 8 7 6 5..6.8...6 Tme [] Fg.. ecter utput ltage( ).. NUSINS In th paper a new ully cntrlled ngle phae PF Buck tplgy ha been prped. ne the man adantage er the knwn ngle phae PF Buck tplge the wde rangng utput ltage. In the knwn tplge the utput ltage lwer than the peak the nput ac ltage. Hweer r the prped tplgy the utput ltage lwer than the duble the peak the nput ac ltage. nther man adantage th new tplgy the hgher ecency th cnerter. The peratn prncple the prped tplgy wa al preented. T tudy and analyze th new recter a tate pace mdel ha been deelped. T cntrl the prped recter a at and lw manld apprach leadng t a cacaded cntrller wa cndered. Fr the nner current lp a ldng-mde rbut cntrller ha been degned. Fr the external EFEENES [] N. Mhan T. M. Undeland. J. Ferrar Snudal lne current rectcatn wth a khz B-SIT tep up cnerter IEEE Pwer Electrnc Specalt nerence June 98 pp 9-98. [] J.T.By.W.Green urrent-rced ngle-phae reerble recter IEE Prceedng-B l. 6 n. 5 pp. 7- September 989. [] Jhn.Salmn Technque r Mnmzng the Input urrent trtn urrent-ntrlled Sngle-Phae Bt ecter IEEE Tranactn n Pwer Electrnc l. 8 n. pp. 59-5 ctber 99. [] Haht End Takah Yamahta Thyuk Sugura Hgh- Pwer-Factr Buck nerter IEEE Pwer Electrnc Specalt nerence (PES 9) pp 7-76 pp. 68-7 June 99. [5] Fabana P. Suza I Barb Unty Pwer Factr Buck Pre- egulatr wth Feedward the utput Inductr urrent PE 99 pp. -5 March 999. [6] ameh rugant Mrth Palanapan Inductr ltage ntrlled arable Pwer Factr Buck Type ac-dc nerter IEEE Pwer Electrnc Specalt nerence (PES 96) pp -7 June 996. [7]. Fernã Pre J. Fernand Sla Sngle-Phae Unty Pwer- Factr uble Buck ecter: Tplgy peratn and ntrl IEEE Pwer Electrnc Specalt nerence (PES 9) pp 7-76 pp. 68-7 June 99. [8] Ga W. Hung J. arable tructure cntrl nnlnear ytem: a new apprach IEEE Tranactn n Indutral Electrnc l. n. pp. 5-99. [9] Gre. Bch P er H. Mult-nput arable tructure cntrller r electrnc cnerter EPE nerence September 99 pp -5. [] Ga W. Hung J. arable tructure cntrl: Surey IEEE Tranactn n Indutral Electrnc l. n. pp. - February 99. [] J. Fernand Sla Sldng Mde ntrl egn re and egulatn Electrnc r Pwer nerter Specal Iue n Pwer Electrnc Jurnal n rcut Sytem and mputer l. 5 n pp. 55-7 September 995.