Bottle-and-Pipe System

Bottle-and-Pipe System Record and label water levels here. Part 1 Where did you put the bottle system? What did you observe? Part 2 Where did you put the bottle system? What did you observe? Explain your observations. Investigation 1: Hot Water, Cold Water No. 1 Notebook Master

A Report from the Blue Planet Review Questions 1. Why did the space visitor call Earth the blue planet? 2. How much of Earth s water is liquid fresh water? 3. How do living things use water? 4. What are some of the properties of water that the space visitor talked about? Describe and compare water in its different forms, or states. Investigation 1: Hot Water, Cold Water No. 2 Notebook Master

Which Way Does It Go? Review Questions 1. What is the answer to the title of this article? 2. Where does water go on its path to the ocean? Investigation 1: Hot Water, Cold Water No. 3 Notebook Master

Sinking and Floating Water 1. Draw a picture of what happened when you lowered a vial of hot water into a cup of room-temperature water. 2. Draw a picture of what happened when you lowered a vial of cold water into a cup of room-temperature water. 3. Compare. Which water was a. more dense than room-temperature water? b. less dense than room-temperature water? 4. Which is more dense, hot water or cold water? Investigation 1: Hot Water, Cold Water No. 4 Notebook Master

Water: Hot and Cold Review Questions 1. Explain what happens to the liquid in a bulb thermometer. 2. Use the illustrations on page 90 to explain why that rock will sink in water. 3. Look at the glass of layered water on page 91. Which is the hot water? Which is the cold water? How do you know? Investigation 1: Hot Water, Cold Water No. 5 Notebook Master

Ice and Water 1. You put water in a vial and a syringe, and placed them in the freezer. What did you learn? 2. You put a plain ice cube in a cup of water. What did you learn? 3. You put a blue ice cube in water. What did you learn? 4. What happens when you mix solid and liquid materials? Compare and contrast these three mixtures. Which ones form solutions and how do you know? a. a sand and water mixture b. a sugar and water mixture c. a salt and water mixture Investigation 1: Hot Water, Cold Water No. 6 Notebook Master

Response Sheet Investigation 1 Your aunt puts a pot of water on the stove to cook some noodles. The water at the bottom of the pot gets heated. Predict what will happen as the water on the bottom of the pot gets heated. Investigation 1: Hot Water, Cold Water No. 7 Notebook Master

Drying Up Review Questions 1. What happens when you put a wet object in a sealed container? 2. What happens when you put a wet object on a clothes line for a few hours? 3. Can we see water vapor in the air? Investigation 2: Water Vapor No. 8 Notebook Master

Part 1: Evaporation Data Evaporation Data Letter of location A B C D Amount of evaporation (ml) Average temperature of location ( C) Part 2: Evaporation Comparison Order Amount of evaporation Letter of location Average temp. of location Letter of location 1 Most evaporation Highest temperature 2 3 4 Least evaporation Lowest temperature Investigation 2: Water Vapor No. 9 Notebook Master

Response Sheet Investigation 2 My friend wears a T-shirt when he goes swimming so he won t get sunburned. After swimming, he hangs up the wet shirt. After a while it is dry. My friend said, I ve always wondered how the wet shirt gets dry. 1. What would you tell my friend to help him understand how the shirt gets dry? 2. What would you suggest that my friend do to get the shirt dry as fast as possible? 3. Explain why your suggestion would make the shirt dry quickly. Investigation 2: Water Vapor No. 10 Notebook Master

Surface-Area Table Graduated cylinder Water starting volume Water ending volume Evaporated water volume Ranking (1=most evaporated) Beaker Dome lid Flat lid Investigation 2: Water Vapor No. 11 Notebook Master

Surface-Area Experiment Review Questions 1. Use the information from the article. a. Make a T-table to display the data. b. Make a graph of the data. 2. Describe what you learned from the experiment. 3. What additional information would be useful to better understand how surface area affects evaporation? Investigation 2: Water Vapor No. 12 Notebook Master

Condensation Observations 1. Draw the experiment and label the picture to show what you observed. 2. Why did condensation form on the inside surface of the chamber? 3. Where did the water that condensed on the sides of the cup come from? Investigation 2: Water Vapor No. 13 Notebook Master

Water Cycle Video Review Questions 1. What are the three states of water found on Earth? 2. What is the major source of energy in the water cycle? 3. What is evaporation? 4. What is condensation? 5. What is precipitation? 6. What is the water cycle? Investigation 2: Water Vapor No. 14 Notebook Master

The Water Cycle Review Questions 1. What three things affect how fast water evaporates? 2. What three things are needed for condensation to occur? 3. Draw and label a diagram of the water cycle in your notebook. Describe the path of water through the water cycle. 4. Does the water cycle ever stop? Explain. Investigation 2: Water Vapor No. 15 Notebook Master

Standard Stream-Table Setup 1. Cover the table with newspapers. 2. Position the plastic tray so the end with the drain hole extends over the edge of the table. 3. Place the basin on newspaper on the floor under the drain hole. 4. Use the wood angle to push the earth material to the end of the plastic tray away from the drain hole. Make sure it is all behind an imaginary line, 20 centimeters (cm) from the end. Smooth the surface of the earth material with the wood angle to make a flat, even surface with a cliff-like edge. 5. Set a 30 cm ruler across the top of the tray, about 6 or 7 cm from the end. Secure it in place with small pieces of duct tape. 6. Support and center the standard water source on the edge of the plastic tray and the ruler. 7. Put a pencil under the tray to lift it a bit. 8. Use a 1 liter (L) container to add water to the water source, as your teacher directs. Investigation 3: Landforms No. 16 Notebook Master

Condition Stream-Table Observations 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Centimeters Investigation 3: Landforms No. 17 Notebook Master

Landform Vocabulary Investigation 3: Landforms No. 18 Notebook Master

Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition Review Questions 1. What is weathering? What can cause it? Tell about some examples. 2. What is erosion? What can cause it? Tell about some examples. 3. What is deposition? What can cause it? Tell about some examples. 4. Describe how rocks in the mountains become sand on a beach along the coast. Investigation 3: Landforms No. 19 Notebook Master

Landform Definitions Alluvial fan A fan-shaped deposit formed when a fast-flowing stream (often a flash flood) flows out onto a dry area Canyon A deep valley with steep sides eroded by a river Delta A fan-shaped deposit at the mouth of a river Deposition The process by which eroded materials settle out in another place Erosion The process by which water, wind, or ice carries away earth materials Floodplain The land that gets covered by water from a stream or river during a flood Hill A small mountain; lower and less steep than a mountain Meander A curve or loop in a river Mountain A high, uplifted area with steep slopes Valley A low area between hills and mountains, often where a river flows Investigation 3: Landforms No. 20 Notebook Master

Stream-Table Investigation 1. Investigation question: 2. Prediction: 3. Record the setup for the standard run: Earth materials start at centimeters. Water source Slope/no slope Amount of water through the system 4. Record the setup for the experimental run: Earth materials start at centimeters. Water source Slope/no slope New variable Amount of water through the system Investigation 3: Landforms No. 21 Notebook Master

Weathering and Erosion Video Review Questions 1. What causes erosion and deposition? 2. Explain how wind causes erosion and deposition. 3. What is runoff, and how can it lead to erosion? 4. How do erosion and deposition affect people? 5. How do glaciers form lakes and valleys? 6. Explain how weathering, erosion, and deposition interact. Investigation 3: Landforms No. 22 Notebook Master

Response Sheet Investigation 3 A student on his way to school one morning noticed a fan-shaped pile of rocky soil covering part of the sidewalk. It wasn t there the day before, and he wondered how it got there. He made a list of clues to help him solve the mystery. Write a paragraph explaining what happened. How did the soil get onto the sidewalk? Where would you expect to find the largest pieces of soil and rock? Where would you expect to find the smallest pieces? Investigation 3: Landforms No. 23 Notebook Master

Water in Earth Materials Materials 1 Cup with gravel 1 Cup with soil 2 Filter cups with holes 2 Filter papers 2 Plastic cups 2 Large plastic cups 1 Balance and mass pieces 1 Syringe, 50 ml 1 Graduated cylinder 2 Hand lenses 1 Container of water Procedure for investigating water in earth materials 1. Place a filter paper in each filter cup with holes. 2. Measure 75 g of soil. Transfer it to one filter cup. 3. Measure 75 g of gravel. Transfer it to the other filter cup. 4. Place the filter cups in plastic cups with no holes. 5. Use a syringe to carefully squirt 75 ml of water over the soil and 75 ml of water over the gravel. 6. When the soil and gravel are soaked, move the filter cups to large plastic cups. Transfer the water in the plastic cups to the large drain cups, too. 7. After the water stops draining into the large cup, use the graduated cylinder to measure the amount of water that drained into the large cups. Record your answers in a table. Investigation 4: Waterworks No. 24 Notebook Master

Response Sheet Investigation 4 My neighbor is planting violets. Violets grow best in soil that drains well. My neighbor is testing three different brands of potting soil to see which kind drains best. Explain, step-by-step, how my neighbor can test the soils to see which brand drains best. Be sure to tell how she will know which soil she should use. Investigation 4: Waterworks No. 25 Notebook Master

All about Natural Resources Video Review Questions 1. What are some renewable resources? 2. What are some nonrenewable resources? 3. Why is conservation important? Investigation 3: Landforms No. 26 Notebook Master

Water: A Vital Resource Review Questions 1. What is the source of your local water? 2. How is water purified in your community? 3. What are the issues about water in your community? Investigation 4: Waterworks No. 27 Notebook Master

Natural Resources Review Questions 1. Select one nonrenewable resource. Explain why it is considered nonrenewable. What can people do to conserve this resource? 2. Select one renewable resource. Explain why it is considered renewable. What can people do to conserve this resource? 3. Describe what is meant by perpetual renewable resources. 4. Explain why it is important to conserve all natural resources. Investigation 4: Waterworks No. 28 Notebook Master

The Power of Water Review Questions 1. What is the main source of heat that makes water on Earth evaporate? 2. What is the force that moves water downhill? 3. What are some of the effects of hurricanes on land? 4. Describe different ways that water is used to drive a waterwheel. 5. What is a modern kind of waterwheel and what work does it do? Investigation 4: Waterworks No. 29 Notebook Master

Soil Video Review Questions 1. What is soil? 2. What needs to be in soil to support the growth of plants? 3. Do all soils have the same capacity to retain water? Investigation 4: Waterworks No. 30 Notebook Master

Ellen Swallow Richards: An Early Ecologist Review Questions 1. Why did the biography call Ellen Swallow Richards an early ecologist? 2. How did Richards study water supply in the state of Massachusetts? Investigation 4: Waterworks No. 31 Notebook Master

Solar Disinfection System Review Questions 1. Describe how SODIS works. 2. In what part of the world does this process work best? 3. What makes SODIS so important? Investigation 4: Waterwrorks No. 32 Notebook Master

Shadow Challenges 1. Work in pairs. Take turns tracing the outline of your partner s shadow, including his or her feet. 2. Label each shadow with the owner s name and time of day it was drawn. 3. Try to solve these shadow challenges a. Can you use your shadow hand to touch your shadow head? b. Can you use your real hand to touch your shadow head? c. Can you make your shadow very small? d. Can you separate yourself from your shadow? e. Can you touch your partner s shadow knee with your shadow hand? f. Can you make your shadow disappear? g. Can you slip into someone else s shadow? h. Can you make your shadow shake hands with someone else s shadow? i. Can you play shadow tag? Don t let another person step on your shadow. j. Make up your own challenge. 4. What do you think your shadow will look like in 3 5 hours? Record your ideas in your notebook. Include a drawing. Investigation 5: Patterns of Change No. 33 Notebook Master

Changing Shadows Review Questions 1. How does the Sun s position in the sky change over 1 day? 2. In what ways do shadows change during the day? 3. What causes shadows to change during the day? 4. Think about a flagpole. How does its shadow change over 1 year? 5. Look at the photo at the top of page 142. Can you see the shadow of the person? Can you see the shadows of the four flagpoles? Why or why not? Investigation 5: Patterns of Change No. 34 Notebook Master

Night-Sky Log Bring this sheet back to school on Friday morning. Monday Date Time Observations Tuesday Date Time Observations Wednesday Date Time Observations Thursday Date Time Observations Investigation 5: Patterns of Change No. 35 Notebook Master

Thinking about Models Compare your model to the actual Earth-Moon-Sun system. 1. How is your model like the real system? 2. How is it unlike the real system? What are the limitations of your model? Investigation 5: Patterns of Change No. 36 Notebook Master

Phases of the Moon The Moon orbits Earth during a 4-week lunar cycle. In each box place the phase of the Moon we see from Earth during the cycle. Then name each phase. waxing gibbous, third quarter, full Moon, waning crescent, waxing crescent, new Moon, first quarter, waning gibbous Investigation 5: Patterns of Change No. 37 Notebook Master

Looking at the Moon from Earth The Moon orbits Earth during a 4-week lunar cycle. Place in each box the phase of the Moon we see from Earth during the cycle, and name the phase. Note where the Sun is. Earth Sunlight full Moon, waxing gibbous, third quarter, waning crescent, waxing crescent, new Moon, first quarter, waning Investigation 5: Patterns of Change No. 38 Notebook Master

All about the Moon Video Review Questions 1. Does the Moon make its own light? 2. How long does it take the Moon to orbit Earth? 3. Why does the Moon look different every night (or day)? Investigation 5: Patterns of Change No. 39 Notebook Master

Lunar Cycle Review Questions 1. How long does it take the Moon to complete one lunar cycle? 2. What is a new Moon, and what causes it? 3. What is the difference between a waxing Moon and a waning Moon? 4. What is the difference between a crescent Moon and a gibbous Moon? 5. Describe the Moon s appearance 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks after the new Moon. 6. What do you predict the Moon will look like tomorrow? Investigation 5: Patterns of Change No. 40 Notebook Master

Tides Multimedia Review Questions 1. What is a low tide? 2. What is a high tide? 3. How does the Moon influence tides? 4. Tell about the sequence, or order, that tides follow. Describe a common pattern. Investigation 5: Patterns of Change No. 41 Notebook Master

Weather Data Day Temp. ( C) Humidity (%) Wind speed (kmph) Wind direction Visibility (km) Pressure (millibars) Other observations 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Investigation 5: Patterns of Change No. 42 Notebook Master

Seasonal Average Temperature Data Have students collect average temperature data for four locations their current location, a location in the Northern Hemisphere of the United States, a location close to the Equator, and a location in the Southern Hemisphere. Location 1 Location 2 Location 3 Location 4 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Investigation 5: Patterns of Change No. 43 Notebook Master

Weather Instruments Review Questions 1. Describe the instrument and unit meteorologists use to measure each weather variable. 2. How do the instruments described and shown in the article compare to those you used in class? Investigation 5: Patterns of Change No. 44 Notebook Master

All about Meteorology Video Review Questions 1. What is meteorology and what are meteorologists? 2. What is air pressure, wind, and barometers? 3. How do meteorologists get information? 4. Why is the work of meteorologists so important? 5. How can students help meteorologists? Investigation 5: Patterns of Change No. 45 Notebook Master

Severe Weather Review Questions 1. What causes hurricanes? 2. What causes tornadoes? Investigation 5: Patterns of Change No. 46 Notebook Master

Weather Maps Review Questions 1. What weather variables do meteorologists measure when they are preparing to make a weather forecast? 2. Describe three kinds of fronts and the weather they produce. 3. What causes wind? 4. Look at the sample weather map on page 173. Where do you think it is raining? Predict where it will be raining tomorrow. 5. Look at the high-pressure and low-pressure centers on the map. Where do you think the wind is blowing? What direction? 6. Use the map on page 173 to predict where it is likely to be cold and dry. Investigation 5: Patterns of Change No. 47 Notebook Master