Supporting Information Sulfonic groups originated dual-functional interlayer for high performance lithium-sulfur battery Yang Lu, a,b Sui Gu, a,b Jing Guo a,b, Kun Rui, a,b Chunhua Chen, c Sanpei Zhang, a,b Jun Jin, a Jianhua Yang, a Zhaoyin Wen *a a CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China. c CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China Email: zywen@mail.sic.ac.cn S-1
Figure S1 The TEM Images of SRGO (a,b),and TEM Images of RGO Precursor (c,d) S-2
Figure. S2 The and Charge Curves of the Cell with SRGO Coating Separator at the Rate of 0.2-4 C S-3
Figure S3. The 5th-7th and Charge Curves of the Cell with (a) SRGO Coating Separator, (b) RGO Separator and (c) Pristine Separator in the Self- Test in Figure 5. S-4
Figure S4 The Cycling Performance of Lithium Sulfur Batteries with SRGO Interlayers, and the Specific is Calculated by the Total Mass of Cathode and Interlayer. S-5
Figure S5 The Lithium Storage Test of SRGO under the Voltage Range of 3 V-1 V at the Current of 0.7 ma. S-6
Figure S6 The Performance of Lithium Sulfur Batteries with Mass Loading of 5 mg cm -2 Sulfur at (a), (b) Corresponding Efficiency, (c) at 0.2 C and (d) Corresponding and Charge Curve. S-7
Figure S7 The Performance of Lithium Sulfur Batteries with the SRGO Amount of (Blue) 0.25 mg cm -2 (Black) 0.5 mg cm -2 and (Red) 0.75 mg cm -2 S-8
Figure S8. The SEM Images of the Surface of Lithium Anode in Different Situations: (a) Fresh Lithium, (b) Cell with SRGO Coating Separator after 50 Cycles, (c) Cell with RGO Coating Separator after 50 Cycles and (d) Cell with Pristine Separator after 50 Cycles. S-9
Table S1 Cycling Stability and the Test Details of Works about Interlayer Published in 2016 and Works with Approximate Processes Types of material and separator Initial Final Current Density (1 C=1675 ma g -1 ) Content of LiNO 3 Number of cycles Sulfur loading Amount (mg cm -2 ) Reference published year AB-SO - 3 /LA132 1262 955 0.1 C 0.1 M 100 3 2016 1 1 @ Celgard PAN/SiO 2 /MWCNT 1182 741 0.2 C 0.1 M 200 1-1.2 2016 2 2 @ Celgard CP@CNF @ Celgard About 1000 710 0.3 C 1 wt% 200 1.2 2016 3 3 (0.2M) PEDOT/PSS @ Celgard 901 596 1 wt% 500 0.9-1.1 2016 4 4 (0.2 M) NCF interlayer with 1124 902 0.1 M 100 1.2 2016 5 5 Celgard PAA/SWNT@ Celgard 770 573 1 C 1 wt% 200 2.7 2016 6 6 AB@ Celgard 1140 (0.05 C) 644 0.2 C 0.4 M 150 2 2016 7 7 LAGP/AB/CNT 1247 830 0.1 M 150 1 2016 8 8 @ Celgard RGO-CF 3 1000 (3 rd ) About 800 none 100 1 2014 9 9 @ fibrous separator Ph-SO - 3 -RG cathode 900 460 0.2 C none 400 0.72-1.13 2014 10 10 SRGO @ glass fiber 1320 930 0.1 M Till 100 1.2-1.5 This work separator 880 831 802 Till 150 Till 200 250 and S-10
Table S2 Rate Performance of Some Latest Work about Interlayer Types of material, Initial Reference and separator and test cycles published year Rate 2 Rate 3 Rate 4 Rate 5 Rate 6 Rate 7 Rate 1 PAN/SiO 2 /MWCNT 960 845 726 627 842 2016 2 2 @Celgard 50 cycles PEDOT/PSS @Celgard 0.1 C 1260 0.2 C 928 783 1 C 751 0.1 C 1020 2016 4 4 25 cycles CP@CNF @Celgard 0.1 C 1479 990 1 C 920 2 C 820 0.1 C 720 560 1000 2016 3 3 70 cycles NCF interlayer with 0.1 C More than 0.2 998 0.3 878 0.5 793 1 C 696 3 C 0.1 C Gradually recover to 2016 5 5 Celgard 45 cycles 1200 0.1C 0.2 C 1 C 2 C about 1100 from 2C to 0.1 C PANiNF/MWCNT@Ce 1020 867 791 2015 11 11 lagrd 40 cycles SRGO @ glass fiber 0.2 C 1420 1019 1 C 866 673 550 471 1100 This work separator 70 cycles 0.2 C 1 C 2 C 3 C 4 C 0.2 C References (1) Zeng, F.; Jin, Z.; Yuan, K.; Liu, S.; Cheng, X.; Wang, A.; Wang, W.; Yang, Y.-s., High Performance Lithium Sulfur Batteries with a Permselective Sulfonated Acetylene Black Modified Separator. J. Mater. Chem. A 2016, 4 (31), 12319-12327. (2) Zhu, J.; Yildirim, E.; Aly, K.; Shen, J.; Chen, C.; Lu, Y.; Jiang, M.; Kim, D.; Tonelli, A. E.; Pasquinelli, M. A.; Bradford, P. D.; Zhang, X., Hierarchical Multi-Component Nanofiber Separators for Lithium Polysulfide Capture in Lithium Sulfur Batteries: An Experimental and Molecular Modeling Study. J. Mater. Chem. A 2016, 4 (35), 13572-13581. (3) Li, Q.; Liu, M.; Qin, X.; Wu, J.; Han, W.; Liang, G.; Zhou, D.; He, Y.-B.; Li, B.; Kang, F., Cyclized-Polyacrylonitrile Modified Carbon Nanofiber Interlayers Enabling Strong Trapping of Polysulfides in Lithium Sulfur Batteries. J. Mater. Chem. A 2016, 4 (33), 12973-12980. (4) Abbas, S. A.; Ibrahem, M. A.; Hu, L.-H.; Lin, C.-N.; Fang, J.; Boopathi, K. M.; Wang, P.-C.; Li, L.-J.; Chu, C.-W., Bifunctional Separator as a Polysulfide Mediator for Highly Stable Li S Batteries. J. Mater. Chem. A 2016, 4 (24), 9661-9669. (5) Cao, Z.; Zhang, J.; Ding, Y.; Li, Y.; Shi, M.; Yue, H.; Qiao, Y.; Yin, Y.; Yang, S., In Situ Synthesis of Flexible Elastic N-Doped Carbon Foam as a Carbon Current Collector and Interlayer for S-11
High-Performance Lithium Sulfur Batteries. J. Mater. Chem. A 2016, 4 (22), 8636-8644. (6) Kim, J. H.; Seo, J.; Choi, J.; Shin, D.; Carter, M.; Jeon, Y.; Wang, C.; Hu, L.; Paik, U., Synergistic Ultrathin Functional Polymer-Coated Carbon Nanotube Interlayer for High Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8 (31), 20092-20099. (7) Liu, N.; Huang, B.; Wang, W.; Shao, H.; Li, C.; Zhang, H.; Wang, A.; Yuan, K.; Huang, Y., Modified Separator Using Thin Carbon Layer Obtained from Its Cathode for Advanced Lithium Sulfur Batteries. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8 (25), 16101-16107. (8) Wang, Q.; Wen, Z.; Yang, J.; Jin, J.; Huang, X.; Wu, X.; Han, J., Electronic and Ionic Co-Conductive Coating on the Separator Towards High-Performance Lithium Sulfur Batteries. J. Power Sources 2016, 306, 347-353. (9) Vizintin, A.; Patel, M. U. M.; Genorio, B.; Dominko, R., Effective Separation of Lithium Anode and Sulfur Cathode in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. ChemElectroChem 2014, 1 (6), 1040-1045. (10) Zhou, L.; Lin, X.; Huang, T.; Yu, A., Binder-Free Phenyl Sulfonated Graphene/Sulfur Electrodes with Excellent Cyclability for Lithium Sulfur Batteries. J. Mater. Chem. A 2014, 2 (14), 5117. (11) Chang, C.-H.; Chung, S.-H.; Manthiram, A., Ultra-Lightweight Paninf/Mwcnt-Functionalized Separators with Synergistic Suppression of Polysulfide Migration for Li S Batteries with Pure Sulfur Cathodes. J. Mater. Chem. A 2015, 3 (37), 18829-18834. S-12