Overview of Remote Sensing in Natural Resources Mapping What is remote sensing? Why remote sensing? Examples of remote sensing in natural resources mapping Class goals What is Remote Sensing A remote sensing instrument collects information about an object or phenomenon within the instantaneous-field-of-view (IFOV) of the sensor system without being in direct physical contact with it. 1
Why Remote Sensing For scientific explorations and management practices, we need to observe and make measurements about: The physical world (e.g., the atmosphere, water, soil, ) Its living inhabitants (e.g., Homo sapiens, flora, fauna, ) the processes at work (e.g., erosion, deforestation, urban sprawl, effects of climate and environmental change ) Remote sensing derived information is critical to study numerous natural and cultural processes (e.g., water-supply estimation; eutrophication studies; nonpoint source pollution, climate change; land-use conversion at the urban fringe; water-demand estimation; population estimation, ) Remote sensing science and technologies have profoundly changed practice in natural resource and environmental management and decision support. 2
The Remote Sensing Process Multispectral Multitemporal Multisensor Multisources 3
Geometric correction? QuickBird Data Acquisition Multiple date and path imaging April 8, 2004 April 16, 2004 May 4, 2004 April 8, 2004 May 6, 2004 Long Island Before Geometric Rectification After Geomatic Rectification and Mosaicking May 6, 2004 May 4, 2004 23.61 m 4
Ground Control Points for Image to Image Rectification QuickBird Satellite Image Orthophoto Before Geometric Rectification After Geometric Rectification and Mosaicking 39.50 m? April 8, 2004 April 16, 2004 April 8, 2004 April 16, 2004 5
Geometric Rectification Subsetting Mosaicking Seamless Working Data Spectral Enhancement? Landsat TM Spectral Bands (Bands 4,5,3 in RGB display) Principal Component Analysis (PC 1,2,3 in RGB display) 6
Mosaicking of Digital True Color Aerial Photos NOAA Coastal Service Center 0.5 m resolution, orthorectified Mosaicking? 7
Enhanced Multispectral Multispectral Image Image 2.5 m (0.6 Spatial m Spatial Resolution Resolution) Panchromatic Image 0.6 m Spatial Resolution Resolution Merge? Enhanced Multispectral Image (0.6 m Spatial Resolution) 8
Thematic (Salt Marsh) Mapping? Thematic information extraction? 9
Thematic Information Extraction? True-color Orthophoto Urban Impervious Surface Areas 10
Land-Cover Maps and Change Detection 11
Integration of Remote Sensing and GIS Data Remote Sensing in Natural Resources Mapping Obtain critical information for natural resource management. Phenology and vegetation dynamics Habitat condition, suitability, conservation planning Ecosystem functions and services Biology and biochemistry of ecosystems Water and energy cycle Climate variability and prediction Coastal Management Land-use and land-cover change Impacts of natural hazards Ecological security Sustainable development 12
Class Goals Become familiar with the concepts in computer-assisted data analysis Develop an understanding of spectral reflectance properties of various earth surface materials on digital remote sensing data Examine and apply geometric and radiometric transformations to remote sensing data Apply various strategies for thematic information extraction (via classifications) from remote sensing data Evaluate the utility of multitemporal remote sensing data for change detection and analysis Gain experience in the use of state-of-the-art software systems for digital image processing and natural resource mapping and management. 1. Class website: https://web.uri.edu/ltrs/nrs-516/ 2. Software system: ERDAS Imagine 3. Student license 4. Work space 5. On-line data search 13