Science Refrigerator Card for SOL Review- Grades 2 and 3 Scientific Investigation: We use our 5 senses to make observations in science experiments. We make inferences based on that data to form conclusions. Think Like a Scientist! Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Make an observation. Ask a question. Develop a hypothesis. Design and conduct an experiment. Collect and organize your data. State your conclusion. Measurement: Temperature Length Mass/Weight Volume/Capacity How hot or cold is How much can it How long is it? How heavy is it? it? hold? Celsius Fahrenheit Centimeters Inches Grams Ounces Milliliters Cups Meters Feet Kilograms Pounds Liters Pints Kilometers Yards Quarts Gallons
Magnets: magnet magnetic poles attract repel an object that will pick up or attract smaller pieces of iron, steel, cobalt or nickel and has a magnetic field around it. the ends of a magnet, one pole is north (N) and one pole is south (S) to pull together to push apart A compass is an instrument with a swinging needle (a small magnet) that always points north. It is used to show directions. The Earth is a magnet. The North and South Poles are the magnetic North and South. A compass needle aligns with the Earth s magnetic field. Weather: There are 4 types of Precipitation White ice crystals that from when Snow water vapor freezes in the air. Rain Hail Sleet Water that falls in drops. Small balls or pieces of ice. Frozen rain drops. Tools to Measure Weather
There are 4 types of Hazardous Storms Thunderstorm Tornado Hurricane Blizzard A storm with rain, thunder, and lightning. A funnel shaped cloud with strong winds. A storm with strong winds, heavy rains and a calm center called an eye. A storm with heavy snow and strong winds. Matter: volume- the amount of space an object takes up matter- anything that takes of space and has mass mass- the amount of matter in an object (measured in grams and kilograms) Physical Changes (same matter) Melting ice (change state) Cutting bread (change size) Rolling playdoh (change shape) Chemical Changes (new matter) Baking soda + vinegar = carbon dioxide Yeast + flour + sugar + heat = bread Wood + fire = ashes and gases Physical Properties- characteristics that help us sort and classify objects. Examples are size, shape, state, color, and texture. Physical properties stay the same even when matter is reduced in visible size. For example, if you tear a piece of paper in half, the smaller pieces of paper will have some of the same characteristics as the larger pieces of paper (color, texture, state).
Simple Machines: Simple Machines- tools that make work easier Living Systems and Food Chains: Organisms must meet their basic needs to survive. They do this by adapting to their environment.
Animal Adaptations: Physical Adaptations: what an animal HAS as a body part to survive Camouflage- when animals blend into their habitat. Mimicry- when an organism has features which are similar to a different organism. Even if only one animal or plant is poisonous or tastes bad, both organisms are protected! Animals can also mimic behaviors, sounds, or scents! Body Parts- Animals move using fins, wings, legs, and muscles. Animals defend themselves with teeth, claws, and venom. Animals keep warm using body coverings such as fur and fat. Animals eat using teeth, beaks, claws, and differently-shaped mouths. Behavioral Adaptations: what an animal DOES as a behavior in response to something happening Hibernation- when animals go into a deep sleep in which their body activities slow down due to seasonal changes. They live off stored food. Migration- when animals go on a long distance journey from one place to another. They are in search of a new temporary habitat because of climate, lack of food, season change, or to have babies. Dormancy- when an organism (animal or plant) slows down its activity because its habitat becomes stressful (too cold or not enough food). Instincts- behaviors that animals are born with that help them survive. Learned Behaviors- behaviors that are learned through observation and experience. Other Behaviors Animals gather and store food. Some animals rear (take care of) young. Animals find and make shelter.
Soil: Soil- weathered rocks and plant matter Weathering- the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces Erosion- the movement of weathered rock and soil Earth Cycles and Patterns: Cycle - a repeated pattern Sequence - a series of events which occur in a natural order Rotation - Earth rotating/spinning on its axis (24 hours) Revolution - Earth revolving around the sun (365 ¼ days or 1 year) Tides- The moon s gravitational pull causes 2 high tides and 2 low tides a day. Seasons- The way the Earth is tilted in its revolution gives us the seasons.
Moon New Moon Last Quarter Full Moon First Quarter Life Cycles
The Earth:
Document complied by Jessica Winston-Saunders All Around Us- Exploring Science Grade 3