Class: Date: Ch 7 Review Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Researchers use fluorescent labels and light microscopy to a. follow molecules moving through the cell. b. produce movies of cells as they grow, divide, and develop. c. build three-dimensional images of cells. d. scan cells with laser beams. 2. Which of the following is NOT a principle of the cell theory? a. Very few cells reproduce. b. Cells are the basic units of life. c. All living things are made of cells. d. All cells are produced by existing cells. 3. All of the following are examples of cell specialization EXCEPT a. a prokaryotic cell that carries out photosynthesis. b. a pancreatic cell that produces protein-digesting enzymes. c. a red blood cell that carries oxygen. d. muscle cells that control movement of materials in the body 4. Which of the following contain a nucleus? a. bacteria c. eukaryotes b. prokaryotes d. organelles 5. Which organelles help provide cells with energy? a. smooth endoplasmic reticulum c. mitochondria and chloroplasts b. Golgi apparatus and ribosomes d. rough endoplasmic reticulum 6. Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane? a. stores water, salt, proteins, and carbohydrates b. regulates which materials enter and leave the cell c. breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins from foods d. keeps the cell wall in place 7. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called a. osmosis. c. facilitated diffusion. b. active transport. d. osmotic pressure. 8. All of the following are types of tissues EXCEPT a. digestive. c. connective. b. nerve. d. muscle. 9. Which of the following structures is found in the cytoplasm? a. ribosome c. nucleolus b. cell wall d. chromatin 10. An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes a. water to move into the cell. c. solutes to move out of the cell. b. water to move out of the cell. d. solutes to move into the cell. 11. Which structures carry out cell movement? a. cytoplasm and ribosomes c. nucleolus and nucleus b. chromosomes d. microtubules and microfilaments 1
12. Which of the following structures serves as the cell s boundary from its environment? a. cell membrane c. channel proteins b. mitochondrion d. chloroplast 13. The main function of the cell wall is to a. direct the activities of the cell. c. help the cell move. b. support and protect the cell. d. store DNA. 14. The cells of multicellular organisms are a. simpler than those of unicellular organisms. b. not dependent on one another. c. smaller than those of unicellular organisms. d. specialized to perform different tasks. 15. Which list represents the levels of organization in a multicellular organism from the simplest level to the most complex level? a. cell, tissue, organ system c. cell, tissue, organ, organ system b. organ system, organ, tissue, cell d. tissue, organ, organ system 16. A group of similar cells that perform a particular function is called a(an) a. organ system. c. division of labor. b. organ. d. tissue. 17. Which of the following statements explains why the nucleus is important to cells? a. Only prokaryotes have nuclei. b. The nucleus contains coded instructions for making proteins. c. Only eukaryotes have nuclei. d. The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear envelope. 18. Unlike the cell membrane, the cell wall is a. found in all organisms. c. a flexible barrier. b. composed of a lipid bilayer. d. usually made of tough fibers. 19. Who was one of the first people to identify and see cork cells? a. Robert Hooke c. Rudolf Virchow b. Matthias Schleiden d. Anton van Leeuwenhoek 20. Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton? a. prevents chromosomes from separating b. helps the cell maintain its shape c. helps the cell move d. helps organelles within the cell move 21. Which structure makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus? a. mitochondrion c. Golgi apparatus b. vacuole d. ribosome 22. Diffusion occurs because a. molecules never move or collide with each other. b. the concentration of a solution is never the same throughout a solution. c. the concentration of a solution is always the same throughout a solution. d. molecules constantly move and collide with each other. 23. Which means of particle transport requires input of energy from the cell? a. facilitated diffusion c. diffusion b. osmosis d. active transport 2
24. You will NOT find a cell wall in which of these kinds of organisms? a. animals c. plants b. fungi d. all of the above 25. When the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is the same, the molecules will a. stop moving across the membrane. b. move across the membrane to the outside of the cell. c. move across the membrane to the inside of the cell. d. move across the membrane in both directions. 26. Electron microscopes can reveal details a. 100 times smaller than those visible in light microscopes. b. 1000 times smaller than those visible in light microscopes. c. 100 times larger than those visible in light microscopes. d. the same size as those visible in light microscopes. 27. The work of Schleiden and Schwann can be summarized by saying that a. all plants are made of cells. b. all plants and animals are made of cells. c. all animals are made of cells. d. plants and animals have specialized cells. 28. Which of the following is an organ of the digestive system? a. epithelial tissue c. nerve tissue b. stomach d. muscle cell 29. Which term refers to cells having different jobs in an organism? a. multicellular c. cell specialization b. levels of organization d. unicellular 30. An organ system is a group of organs that a. are made up of similar cells. b. work together to perform a specific function. c. are made up of similar tissues. d. work together to perform all the functions in a multicellular organism. 31. Which of the following is NOT found in the nucleus? a. DNA c. chromatin b. cytoplasm d. nucleolus 32. Which sequence correctly traces the path of a protein in the cell? a. smooth endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, Golgi apparatus b. mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, cell membrane c. ribosome, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast d. rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, released from the cell 33. Which of the following is an example of an organ? a. nerve cell c. epithelial tissue b. digestive system d. heart 34. Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells? a. smooth endoplasmic reticulum c. mitochondrion b. ribosome d. chloroplast 35. The cell theory applies to a. bacteria. c. multicellular organisms. b. plants and animals. d. all of the above 3
36. Which of the following is a function of the nucleus? a. controls most of the cell s processes b. contains the information needed to make proteins c. stores DNA d. all of the above 37. Which organelle breaks down food into molecules the cell can use? a. lysosome c. mitochondrion b. Golgi apparatus d. endoplasmic reticulum 38. Which of the following organisms are prokaryotes? a. plants c. animals b. bacteria d. all of the above 39. Prokaryotes lack a. a nucleus. c. a cell membrane. b. cytoplasm. d. genetic material. 40. Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton? a. helps a cell keep its shape c. surrounds the cell b. contains DNA d. helps make proteins 41. Eukaryotes usually contain a. genetic material. c. specialized organelles. b. a nucleus. d. all of the above 42. Which type(s) of microscopes can produce three-dimensional images of cells? a. scanning electron microscopes c. both A and B b. transmission electron microscopes d. neither A nor B 43. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a. an area of equilibrium to an area of high concentration. b. an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. c. an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. d. all of the above 44. The cell membrane contains channels and pumps that help move materials from one side to the other. What are these channels and pumps made of? a. carbohydrates c. bilipids b. lipids d. proteins 45. Which organelle converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use? a. mitochondrion c. chloroplast b. endoplasmic reticulum d. Golgi apparatus Modified True/False Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the sentence or statement true. 46. A red blood cell placed in pure water will shrink. 47. Once equilibrium is reached, roughly equal numbers of molecules move in either direction across a semipermeable membrane, and there is no further change in concentration on either side of the membrane. 4
48. Cilia and flagella are made of protein filaments called endoplasmic reticulum. 49. Many membrane proteins are made by the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 50. Ribosomes stud the surface of rough endoplasmic reticulum. 51. The nuclear envelope regulates which substances enter and leave a cell. 52. The cytoskeleton helps to move organelles within the cell. Figure 7 1 53. The cell represented in Figure 7 1 is a eukaryote. 54. There is a division of labor among the cells of multicellular organisms. 55. Cell specialization means that the cells in an organism are uniquely suited to reproduce. 56. The assembly of ribosomes begins in a small dense structure called the chromatin. 57. A typical organ is made up of many different kinds of cells and tissues. 58. The main function of the cell wall is to provide support and protection. 59. If a cell contains a nucleus, it must be a prokaryote. 60. Water, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and some other substances can pass through the cell wall. 5