Characteristics, Changes, and States of Matter S8P1. Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the structure and properties of matter. B. Develop and use models to describe the movement of particles in solids, liquids, gases and plasma states when thermal energy is added or removed. C. Plan and carry out investigations to compare and contrast chemical (i.e., reactivity, combustibility) and physical (i.e., density, melting point, boiling point) properties of matter. Term Info Picture matter Anything that has mass and takes up space; everything is made of matter. physical property A property that you can observe with your senses: mass, volume, etc freezing point The temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid boiling point The temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas temperature mass a measure of how hot (or cold) something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object The amount of matter in an object. volume The amount of space and object takes up.
density The ratio of mass to volume; how much matter is in a given volume chemical properties a property of matter that describes a substance's ability to participate in chemical reactions combustibility (flammability) A substance s ability to catch on fire reactivity A substance s ability to react with other substances physical change dissolve a change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties When a solute (solid) becomes part of a solvent (liquid) chemical change a change that occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties
formation of a gas When bubbles form after a chemical reaction precipitate A solid that forms when a chemical reaction takes place. chemical reaction the process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances states of matter The four states that matter exists in; solid, liquid, gas and plasma. solid liquid gas plasma A state of matter in which the particles are close together, have a definite shape, a definite volume, and vibrate in place. A state of matter that has a definite volume but takes the shape of the container it is in. Particles slide past each other. A state of matter that does not have a definite shape or a definite volume. The particles are far apart from each other, collide with each other, and move to fill any space. A state of matter that is a highly charged gas.
Melting When a substance changes from a solid to a liquid Evaporation When a liquid changes into a gas. Freezing When a liquid changes into a solid. Sublimation When a solid changes directly into a gas without going through the liquid stage. Condensation When a gas changes into a liquid. Learning Targets: 1.I can differentiate between a physical property and a chemical property. 2. I can identify the physical and chemical properties of a substance. 3.I can determine whether a change in matter is physical or chemical. 4.I can describe evidence for chemical changes in matter. 5.I can differentiate between the four states of matter. 6.I can describe the movement of particles in solids, liquids, gases and plasmas. 7.I can describe the relationship between state of matter and volume. 8. I can explain how adding or removing energy affects the state off matter. 9. I can identify the changes in states of matter and describe what is happening during each change.
Characteristics, Changes, and States of Matter S8P1. Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the structure and properties of matter. B. Develop and use models to describe the movement of particles in solids, liquids, gases and plasma states when thermal energy is added or removed. C. Plan and carry out investigations to compare and contrast chemical (i.e., reactivity, combustibility) and physical (i.e., density, melting point, boiling point) properties of matter. Term Info Picture matter physical property freezing point boiling point temperature mass volume
density chemical properties combustibility (flammability) reactivity physical change dissolve chemical change
formation of a gas precipitate chemical reaction states of matter solid liquid gas plasma
Melting Evaporation Freezing Sublimation Condensation Learning Targets: 1.I can differentiate between a physical property and a chemical property. 2. I can identify the physical and chemical properties of a substance. 3.I can determine whether a change in matter is physical or chemical. 4.I can describe evidence for chemical changes in matter. 5.I can differentiate between the four states of matter. 6.I can describe the movement of particles in solids, liquids, gases and plasmas. 7.I can describe the relationship between state of matter and volume. 8. I can explain how adding or removing energy affects the state off matter. 9. I can identify the changes in states of matter and describe what is happening during each change.