Platzhalter für Bild, Bild auf Titelfolie hinter das Logo einsetzen Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Marc-O. Löwner & Thomas Adolphi (née Becker) Technische Universität Braunschweig Technische Universität Berlin 10 th 3D GeoInfo Conference / Kala Lumpur, Malaysia / 28-30 October 2015
3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 2
Wouldn t it be nice to use the knowledge and capabilities of our colleagues tomorrow in my lab to solve my problems to safe my time to be more economic to easily further develop the colleague s algorithms to develop smarter solutions for more complex problems to integrate it into my business solutions to share my progress immediately (if this does not run contrary to my business model) 3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 3
OGC services everything in house? WPS - OGC standard since 2007, recently version 2.0 released (2015) Defines an interface by which (geospatial) processes can be executed remotely on a server Can include any process not exclusively for processing of geospatial data Can include any number of processes (discovered via the GetCapabilities request) BPEL engine can be used to orchestrate a service chain of one or more WPS processes Technology that enables the execution of computing processes and the retrieval of metadata describing their purpose and functionality [ ] from quick to complex computation scenarios (Mueller and Pross, 2014). 3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 4
Advantages of WPS in the field of urban analysis No stand alone software systems available that is able to comprehensively deal with semantically enriched 3D city models to extensively support the work chain associated with urban system analysis linkable tools as a service oriented architecture could counterbalance this disadvantage CityGML as a starting point of urban analysis are normally provided as web resource via an OGC Web Feature Service (WFS), or as an internet capable GML-File web resources keep hurdles of using web based services comparatively low But Despite the added value of OGC Web Processing Services and the good preconditions in the field of urban analysis there is a great reluctance to apply those technologies and to publish solutions in this field using OGC related standards like WFS and WPS! 3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 5
Possible reasons for the refusal of publishing WPS in the field of urban analysis Economic relevance working groups seek to keep exclusive expert knowledge principals constitute conditions for the transfer of results or base data to other parties Since data and algorithms are separated, last point may account only for a part of the problem Complexity additional expertise from experts or literature and simplifying assumptions reusability of code and algorithms from complex projects is limited. Long preparation projects of a certain complexity require data that fits to that problem need preparation as well as intermediate procedures some objectives are very specific and geographically bound to a specific location or city Publication culture Next to analysis results implemented algorithms and processes should be published, somehow (WPS) But: intermediate states and processes remain hidden
Requirements for an integrated urban analysis platform Generic and reusable: designed to be used without any expert knowledge of the designing project support the user s process chain without limiting its purpose => published processes need to be organized in as smallest units as possible Easy to aggregate technology that supports the aggregation of smaller process units to more powerful tools Enable business models proprietary development of comprehensive solutions should be possible Smaller units may be published under GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) Stick to OGC standards Based on the basis of well-known and accepted international standards OGC WPS, WFS and Geography Markup Language (GML) an extension to a generally accepted data exchange format has to be accepted
open license General architecture of a 3D urban analysis platform Web Feature Service AbstractKeyProcess (AKP) AbstractKeyProcess LocationBasedData smallest entity in the integrated urban analysis platform Does not cache intermediate data nor process complex requests (process chains) Must not hold references to other AKPs or their instantiations. location based data has to be provided, either as encapsulated data or as reference reads or writes GML Should fall into the domain of open source 3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 8
open license General architecture of a 3D urban analysis platform Web Feature Service Transformer AbstractKeyProcess LocationBasedData ensures the use of GML in the proposed urban analysis platform Transformer Algorithm Inquirier transforms non GML based data into or non GML based data from GML to ensure data communication Algorithm Smallest possible process with relation to GIS. It should answer only one simple question in the field of spatial analysis, irrespective how complex the performing algorithm will look like. Inquirer supports data queries from other resources, e.g. 3D-City models 3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 9
business model transient open license General architecture of a 3D urban analysis platform AbstractKeyProcess Transformer Algorithm Inquirier {ordered sequence} KnowledgeBasedChainedProcess Web Feature Service LocationBasedData KnowledgeBasedChainedProcess aggregation of an ordered sequence of AKPs does not provide any AKP itself, only references to already published AKP implemented as links to WPS dealing as such AKPs Defines input and output data open source but may also be part of a business model 3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 10
business model transient open license General architecture of a 3D urban analysis platform AbstractKeyProcess Transformer Algorithm Inquirier {ordered sequence} KnowledgeBasedChainedProcess Web Feature Service LocationBasedData NumericalData ProblemSolver defines the level of a project that solves problems of social relevance (fine dust modelling, urban energy estimation) involves further numerical data, solution based logic and constraints coming from experts, internal software systems, and chargeable data sources may link to internal expert systems and software ProblemSolver SolutionBasedLogic Constraint 3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 11
Natural geoobjects are of interest? A+B=C, Y Aspirant (Multiplicity: 1 *) Feature (geometry) that has to be analyzed, changed or checked against a (spatial) constraint by an Algorithm. Output: the manipulated feature (f.i. a changed surface or the feature(s) that successfully match against a condition. Geodata (multiplicity: 0-1) Geodata on which an analysis should be performed by an Algorithm. Geodata are not meant to be changed or manipulated and, therefore can easily be referenced by any resource. Parameter (multiplicity 0 *) (numeric) values that influence the Algorithm. They can be provided inline or as a result of another AKP. Tuples should be enabled Resource (multiplicity 0 *) represented by an URL that refers to either geodata or to an additional AKP (to get parameters, prohibited when used in an AKP) may refer to all the components discussed above A list of resources is the main added value of a KnowledgeBased- ChainedProcess 3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 12
coordinate2d + diameter (geodata) (parameter) Buffer2D (algortihm) 3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 13
coordinate2d + diameter (geodata) (parameter) Buffer2D (algortihm) GetHight(Buffer) (inquirer) Buffer2D + hight (geodata) (parameter) Buffer3D (algortihm) tbc 3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 14
Open questions How to organize of a KnowledgeBasedChainedProcess and a ProblemSolver Client-side solution Do this (http) = get A Do that(a) = B Do this(b, http) = result (local) 3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 15
Open questions How to organize of a KnowledgeBasedChainedProcess and a ProblemSolver Server-side solution Do all (http, A, B) = result(local) 3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 16
Last but not least Thank you very much for your attention! WPS-action 3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 17
3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 18
This century the urban challenge Today, 54 % of the world s population lives in urban areas This proportion is expected to increase to 66 % by 2050 (United Nations 2014). Urbanization means concentration of divergent interests and needs in a small area environmental and energy problems mobility work living / recreation ageing of the population in cities growth rate mortality rate birth rate All this needs are fed back in the sense of a systems theory 3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 19
The urban challenge requirements components of data preparation, database modelling and system description as well as spatial analysis simulation processes Knowledge of different fields of urban planning and external experts A precondition for the synoptically analysis of complex urban systems is the exchange of data and services that are processing those data 3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 20
act keyprocess client side serv er side choose keyprocess «datastore» keyprocess Store define Parameter choose Aspirant choose geodata receive XML processing deliver result send result 3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 21
act knowledgebasedchainedprocess client side server side define chain send chain description get description «datastore» keyprocess Store KP1 result KP2 input deliver result send result KPx 3D Geoinfo, Kuala Lumpur M.-O. Löwner Framework for on an open 3D urban analysis platform based on OGC Web Services Seite 22