Materials: Prentice-Hall textbook; Chemistry by Wilbraham, Staley, Marta, and Waterman Objectives: All students will: Be proficient in the fundamentals of chemistry, based on the two great influences; the theory of the atom and the law of conservation of mass. Core Concepts: Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Properties of Matter All things are made of atoms. Changes in matter are accompanied by changes in energy. Chemical bonding occurs as a result of attractive forces between particles. Periodic trends in the properties of atoms allow for the prediction of physical and chemical properties. Chemical reactions are predictable.
Title: Chemistry: Measurement..C.A6..C.A6..C.A6..C.A6 CC..5.-.C There is a systematic approach to measurement, analysis, and reporting of findings in science. Determine the number of significant figures in a measurement. Report Calculations with the correct number of significant figures. Express measurements and calculations using scientific notation. Use dimensional analysis to convert between units and quantitative properties.
Title: Chemistry: Physical and Chemical Properties..C.A Properties of matter are observable and Distinguish between physical and chemical predictable. properties...c.a Distinguish between pure substances and mixtures..c.a Distinguish between heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures..c.a Distinguish between physical and chemical changes...c.a Describe the three normal states of matter in terms of energy, particle motion, and phase transitions..c.a Describe the changes undergone by matter through radioactive decay, nuclear fission, nuclear fusion.
Title: Chemistry Atomic Theory..C.A5 CC..5.-.D CC..5.-.C CC..5.-H CC..5.-I..C.A5..C.A5..C.A5 The theoretical structure of the atom. Differentiate between the subatomic particles based on fundamental properties. Distinguish between the structure of the electron cloud and the nucleus of an atom. Determine the number of subatomic particles in a given isotope using atomic number and mass number. Determine the average atomic mass based on isotope mass and natural abundance. 4
Title: Chemistry Electron Cloud CC..5.-.C CC..5.-H CC..5.-I..C.A..C.A5 The number and placement of electrons determine the chemical properties of atoms. Determine the energy of subatomic particles based on energy absorbed or emitted. Describe the placement of electrons within the electron cloud based on the four quantum variables, Pauli Exclusion Principle, Aufbau Principle, and Hund s Rule. Write electron configurations to show the placement of an atom s electrons. Determine the number of valence electrons of an atom. Determine the possible ionic charges of an element based on its electron cloud structure. 5
Title: Chemistry Periodic Table Physical and chemical properties can be predicted by an element s placement on the periodic table. Differentiate between physical and chemical properties. Predict quantitative properties of elements based on their placement on the periodic table. Relate chemical properties of an element to the number of valence electrons it has. 6
Title: Chemistry Chemical Bonding..C.A Atoms combine in a systematic process bonding to form molecules, formula units, or metallic crystals, based on the rules of chemical bonding. Determine the type of bond formed between two atoms based on the type of atom, the atom s electronegativity, and the placement on the periodic table. Use Lewis Dot Diagrams to illustrate the structure and bonding of substances. Predict the properties of a substance based on the differences in electronegativity and arrangement of atoms. 7
Title: Chemistry Chemical Formulas CC..5.-.D Substances can be represented by shorthand nomenclature that shows the type and number of elements present. Write chemical formulas when given the IUPAC name of a substance. 4 Name a substance when presented with a chemical formula. Determine the number of grams, liters of a gas, or particles present by using the mole concept of 4 matter. Determine the mass percent composition of a substance. Determine the empirical and molecular formulas of substances based on percent composition, molar mass, and density. 8
Title: Chemistry Chemical Reactions..C.A4..C.A4 CC..5.-.D..C.A4..C.A4..C.A4..C.A4 How the law of conservation of mass determines the How the patterns of the general types of reactions can be used to predict products based on reactants used. Differentiate between reactants and products of a chemical change. Represent a chemical change in an equation format. 4 Distinguish between synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, or combustion based on the given reactants. Determine amounts of reactants or products based on the law of conservation of matter. Predict the quantities of reactants needed or products yielded based on molar relationships in a stoichiometric analysis. 5 Predict the quantities of energy absorbed or released by a chemical reaction. 9
Title: Chemistry Acids, Bases, and Salts..C.A4 The results of many chemical changes can Describe the properties of acids, bases, and salts be predicted based on the properties of acids and bases...c.a4 Predict the products of neutralization reactions...c.a4 Predict the formation of acids and bases based on acidic anhydrides and metallic oxides...c.a4 Balance oxidation-reduction reactions using acid/base half reaction method. 0
Title: Chemistry Gas Laws..C.A6..C.A6 CC..5.-.C CC..5.-D..C.A6 CC..5.-.C CC..5.-D..C.A6 CC..5.-.C CC..5.-D..C.A6 CC..5.-.C CC..5.-D..C.A6 CC..5.-.C CC..5.-D The properties of gases can be predicted Determine the general behavior of gases based on using fundamental laws of nature. temperature, pressure, amount of particles, Pressure and volume are inversely related Calculate properties of a gas based on Boyle s Law Temperature and volume are directly proportional The size of molecules can be used to predict effusion and diffusion rates Total pressure of a mixture of gases can be calculated as a sum of the individual gas pressures. The ideal gas equation can be used to predict behavior of gases Calculate properties of a gas based on Charles Law Calculate properties of a gas based on Graham s Law. Calculate the properties of gas based on Dalton s Law Calculate properties of a gas based on the number of moles of a gas present.