Biodiversität und Fernerkundung im Skalierungskontext des BrahmaTWinn-Projektes Norbert Exler - Iris Wagner - Georg Janauer 6th EU Framework Programme Priority: Global Change and Ecosystems Contract: No. 036952 Launch: 01.06.2006
Vorstellung der Aufgabe => NORBERT Wir (Biologen) arbeiten häufig lokal genau (mikroscale) in Bezug auf Biodiversität und sollen Global arbeiten und denken für das Projekt (makro, Meso -> Buch Lang) Wir müssen im Projekt im CATCHMENT arbeiten! (Wir arbeiten zu für Hydrologie, Soziologie und Klima)
Definition unseres Aufgabengebietes im Projekt UniVie participating in... WP 3: Comprehensive assessment of the natural environment (NE) Deliverables 3.4 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) based classification of land us and land cover (LULC) with change detection analysis Deliverables 3.5 Assess, classify and quantify the components of the natural environment (NE) such as topography, climate, hydrology, snow and glacier cover, permafrost and slope stability, land use and land cover, soils and geology, sediments and erosion, water quality, eco-hydrology and biodiversity.
The value of wetlands Ecosystem Services <- provided by their Ecosystem Functions Gas regulation <- Regulation of atmospheric chemical composition Climate regulation <- Regulation of biologically mediated climatic processes Water regulation <- regulation of hydrological flows Water supply <- storage and retention of water Erosion control and sediment retention <- retention of soil within an ecosystem Nutrient cycling <- storage, internal cycling, processing and acquisition of nutrients Biological control <- trophic-dynamic regulations of populations Refugia <- Habitat for resident and transient populations Food productions <- that portion of gross primary production extractable as food Raw materials <- that portion of gross primary production extractable as raw materials Genetic resources <- sources of unique biological materials and products Recreation <- providing opportunities for recreational activities Cultural <- providing opportunities for non-commercial uses
Upper Brahmaputra River Basin (UBRB) Brahmaputra, Tibet UBRB Fläche 512.475 km² (100%) Assam Catchment 61.215 km² ( 12%) Lhasa Catchment 32.957 km² ( 6%) Wangchu Catchment 8.088 km² ( 2%) Österreich 83.871 km² ( 16%)
Multi-Scale Different scales in different disciplines Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1 The level of detail varies with spatial scale in a hierarchy from an entire river basin / catchment level (1) to a habitat level (4). The scale dependence of quantitative hydrologic processes and of the important precipitation input
Multi-Scale Data availability River Basin (Level 1) Sub-Catchment (Level 2) Local (Level 3 / 4) -> low-resolution GIS-data (Ecoregions, Soil, Geology) SRTM -> Elevation, Slope, Aspect, CTI -> medium-resolution Landsat ETM+ -> LULC -> high-resolution Quickbird, Radar (ONLY ASSAM) -> detailed mapping
Multi-Scale Data availability River Basin (Level 1) Sub-Catchment (Level 2) Local (Level 3 / 4) -> low-resolution -> medium-resolution -> high-resolution financial effort: all Brahmaputra basin -> low cost -> medium cost -> very expensive 0 USD? USD c. 13,8 Mio. USD
Multi-Scale wetland complexes Data aggregation River Basin (Level 1) Sub-Catchment (Level 2) Local (Level 3 / 4) -> GIS-data -> remote sensing -> remote sensing intersect pot. wet areas actual wet areas constructed wetlands natural wetlands -> local data Field Trips local experts Inventory databases -> terrain features Level 1: pot. wet areas Level 2: actual wet areas
Example: Dam Shung Valley Wetland complex: Kobresia schoenoides - hummock swamps Level 1: "Southeast Tibet shrublands and meadows"- pot. wet areas with landform "flat" Level 2: natural wetland dom. by swamps with low human population pressure Level 3/4: swamp and floodplain complex -> high spatial diversity!!!
Example: Dam Shung Valley Field Tripp Tibet 2006 Ecosystem Services of the wetland complex Water supply -> storage and retention of water Nutrient cycling -> storage, internal cycling, processing and acquisition of nutrients Biological control -> Yak as trophic-dynamic regulator Refugia -> habitats for resident and transient populations Food production, raw materials -> indirect through Yak-breeding
References Finlayson, et al. (2002). A Manual for an Inventor of Asian Wetlands: Version 1.0. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. P. A. Keddy (2000). Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (Cambridge Studies in Ecology). Cambridge University Press. P. E. Gessler, et al. (2000). `Modeling Soil-Landscape and Ecosystem Properties Using Terrain Attributes'. Soil Sci Soc Am J 64(6):2046-2056. G. Miehe, et al. (2008). `An inventory of forest relicts in the pastures of Southern Tibet (Xizang A.R., China)'. Plant Ecology 194(2):157-177 "Ramsar site information service." [Online]. Available: http://www.wetlands.org/rsis/ "Global wetland initiative - directory of asian wetlands." [Online]. Available: http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/wetlands/wetlanddir2.asp "Wetlands of india." [Online]. Available: http://www.wetlandsofindia.org/
========== ENDE Thanks for your attention