{]hà \ ]²Xn 2017-þ18 - PDF Free Download

s]mxp-hn-zym-`ymk hip- v, ticfw hnzym-cwkw Iem-km-ln-Xy-thZn {]hà \ ]²Xn 2017-þ18 kà -]-c-amb FÃm Ign-hp-Ifpw hni-kn- n- p- -XmIpw ka-{k-hn-zym-`ymkw F mwv s]mxp-hn-zym-`ymk kwc- W bú- nsâ e y- -fn-sem mbn \ÂIn-bn-«p-ÅXv. Cu e y- nâ Xmsg simsp LS-I- Ä DÄt À n-«p- v. Hmtcm hnzymà n-bp-ssbpw kà -]-c-amb Ign-hp-IÄ Is n hfà m\pw hni-kn- n- m-\p-apå Ahk-c- Ä ]T-\-{]-hÀ -\- -fpss `mk-ambpw khn-tij kµà`- Ä Hcp- nbpw {]tbm-p-\-s -Sp- pw. kà m-ß-i-c-n-\-bnepw kwko-xw, Nn{Xw XpS- nb Ie-I-fnepw DÅ XmXv]-cyhpw P -kn-²-amb Ign-hp- Ifpw Is n t]mjn- n- p- -Xn-\pÅ CS- -fmbn hnzym-e-bs ]cn-hà n- n- pw. H mw mkp apxâ Ip«n-I-fnÂ hmb\mkwkvimcw t{]mõm-ln- n- pw. AXn-\mbn kviqä {KÙ-im-e- Isf B[p-\n-Io-I-cn- pw. ax-\n-c-t]- -X, P\m-[n-]Xy-t_m-[w, Xpey-X, kl-hà n-xzw, kl-i-c-ww, A\p-Xm]w XpS- nb am\- hniaqey- Ä Dd- n- m³ klm-b-i-amb ]T-\m- -co hpw ]T-\-{]-{In-bbpw Dd- m- pw. ]mcn-øn-xn-im-h-t_m-[w, amen-\y-\nà½màö-\m-h-t_m[w, kmaq-lym-h-t_m-[w, hnaài-\m-h-t_m-[w, enwkm-h-t_m-[w F nh t\sm-\på A\p-`-h- Ä \ÂIpw. amxr-`m-j-tbm-spå kvt\lhpw axn pw hfà m³ Bh-iy-amb ]T-\-{]-hÀ -\- Ä Hcp- pw. mkv þ kviqä Xe- -fnâ hnzym-cwkw Iem-km-ln-Xy-thZn Cu hàjw \S- m³ \nàt±-in- p {]hà - \- -fpw, D]-Pn-Ã-þ-Pn-Ã-þ-kw-Øm-\-X-e- -fnse kàt m-õ-h-in-ev]-im-e-ifpw Cu e y- Ä ]c-am-h[n ssih-cn- m³ ]cym-]vx-amb hn[- n-emwv cq]-i-ev]\ snbvxn-«p-å-xv. asäm-cp-hn-[- nâ ]d-ªmâ, kà -]-c-hpw am\-hn-i-hp-amb Ign-hp-I-sfÃmw Is - m\pw t]mjn- n- m\pw klm-b-i-amb Hcp {]hà - \-k-am-lm-c-amwv hnzym-cwkw apt m-«p-h-bv p- -Xv. th {X {i²-tbm-ss, aps m-cp- - -tfm-ss, ka-b-_- Ôn-X-ambn Cu {]hà -\- Ä snbvxp ]qà n-bm- pi F Kuc-h-ta-dnb Npa-X-e-bmWv A[ym-]-I-k-aql- n\p \nàæ-ln- m-\p-å-xv. CXn-\m-h-iy-amb ]n pwsbmcp- m³ c m-iàxr-k-aq-l- n\pw Ign-b-Ww. s]mxp-hn-zym-`ymk hip pw Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-c-WvYm-]-\- fpw A m-z-an-ifpw Fkv.-F-kv.-F. XpS- nb kwhn- [m-\- fpw CXn-\m-h-iy-amb ]Ým- -e-ku-i-cy- fpw A m-z-aniv ]n p-wbpw \ÂIpw. hmàjni {]hà \ ]²Xn þ 2017-þ18 : {][m\ khn-ti-j-x-iä mêv, kviqä Xe- -fnâ 2017 Pq 5 temi]cn-ønxn Zn\w apxâ 2018 s^{_p-hcn 21 temi-am-xr-`mjm-zn\w hsc \o p-\nâ p {]hà -\- -Ä hn`m-h\w sn p- p. Hcp Ip«n, Hcp amkni : s^{_p-hcn 21 \v tic-f- nse s]mxp-hn-zym-e-b- -fn-â H p-ap-xâ ] p-hsc mkp-i-fnâ ]Tn- p Hmtcm Ip«nbpw kz -ambn X m-dm- nb ssisb-gp- p-am-knibpss {]Im-i-\w. Zn\m-N-c-W- sf ASn-Øm-\-am n \S- p sshhn-[y-apå cn-\m-{]-hà -\- fpw tij-c-w-{]-hà - \- fpw hgn mknse FÃm Ip«n-Ifpw hyàn-k-x-ambn X m-dm- p DXv]- - -fmwv Ah-cpsS ssisb-gp- p-am-kn-i-bpss DÅ-S- w. ] m-b v þ kviqä -þ- D-]-PnÃ þ PnÃ ASn-Øm-\- n-epå kàt m-õ-h- -fpss XpS w Zn\m-N-c-W- - fp-ambn FÂ.-]n., bp.-]n., sslkviqä mkp-i-fnâ \S- p {]hà -\- -fnâ\n- m-wv. Pq, Pqsse amk- nse mkv -{]-hà -\- -fnâ\n- mwv kviqä kàt m-õ-h- n-\på Ip«n-Isf Is -t - -Xv. FÂ.-]n.-hn-`m-K- nâ 1,2 mkp-imà v kviqäx-e- nepw 3,4 mkp-imà v {Kma-]- m-b v / \K-c-k` Xe- nepw kwl-sn- n- p kàt m-õ-h- fpw bp.-]n., sslkviqä hn`m-k- Ä v D]-Pn-Ã, PnÃ, kwøm\ Xe- -fn-epå kàt m-õ-h- fpw D m-bn-cn- pw. Hmtcm hn`m-k- n\pw \ný-bn- n-«på hnj-b-ta-j-e-iä Xmsg simsp- p p: FÂ.-]n. 1,2 mkp-iä : IY ]d-bâ, Nn{Xw-h-c, ]m«v FÂ.-]n. 3,4 mkp-iä : IY, Ihn-X, Nn{Xw, A`n-\bw bp.-]n. mkp-iä : IY, Ihn-X, Nn{Xw, Ihn-Xm-em-]-\w, A`n-\-bw, \ms³]m«v sslkviqä mkp-iä : IY, Ihn-X, Nn{Xw, Ihn-Xm-em-]-\w, A`n-\-bw, \ms³]m«v Ipdn v : IY, IhnX F o taj-e-i-fnâ ap³iq«n \nàt±-in- p ani cn-\-i-fpss hmb-\bpw NÀ bpw DÄs m-ån- n-cn- p- p. AXn-\mÂ ]pkvx-i-nà Hcp {]txyi hnj-b-ta-j-ebmbn DÄs -Sp- p- n-ã. 1

kwøm\ kàt m-õhw hnhn[ A m-z-an-i-fpss kl-i-c-w-t mss H mw tsanâ s \S- p-hm³ Dt±-in- p- p. AXn-\mÂ Pqsse Ah-km\w kviqä kàt m-õ-h- fpw BKÌv amk- nâ D]-Pn-Ã, PnÃm kàt m-õ-h- fpw \S-t - -Xp- v. mkvap-dn-bnse `mjm-]-t-\- nsâ kzm`m-hn-i-amb Hcp `mk-am-bpw, kà -thf ]ncn-b-up-iä {]tbm-p-\- s -Sp- n-s m pamwv mkvxe kmln-xy-thzn {]hà -\- Ä \S-t - -Xv. Fkv.-BÀ.-Pn.-bnepw ]n.-sn.-f.-bnepw hnzym-cwkw {]hà -\-]-²Xn Kuc-h-t mss NÀ snbvxv ]cn-]m-sn- IÄ ka-b-_-ôn-x-ambn Bkq-{XWw sn Ww; kviqä hmàjni Ie- -dnâ DÄs -Sp- Ww. kviqäxe {]hà -\- Ä v hnzym-cwkw kviqäx-e-k-an-xnbpw Npa-X-e-bpÅ A[ym-]-I-\pw / A[ym- ]n-ibpw t\xrxzw hln- pw. Zn\m-N-c-W- -fp-ambn _Ô-s «]cn-]m-sn-iä kviqäx-e- nâ aäp ºp-I-fp-ambn tnà v \S- -Ww. mknse FÃm Ip«n-IÄ pw Ah-k-c- Ä e`n- p hn[- n-emwv {]hà -\- Ä \S-t - -Xv. ]T\]n m- m-h-ø-bpå Ip«n-I-sfbpw `n -ti-jn- m-cmb Ip«n-I-sfbpw {]txyiw ]cn-k-wn- -Ww. Hcp Ip«n, Hcp amkni ]cn-]m-sn-bnâ Cu hn`m-k- -fn-epå Ip«n-Ifpw DÄs -Sp- p-sh v Dd- m- -Ww. mkv Xe- nâ Hmtcm {]hà -\- nepw cq]-s -Sp IY, Ihn-X, Nn{Xw, Ipdn- p-iä, Ub-dn, bm{xmhn-h-c-ww, ImÀ«q, ASn- p-dn- p-iä, A`n-ap-Jw, tij-cn hmà -þ-i-y-þ-i-hn-x-þ-]m-«v, aäp hnj-b- - fpss ]T-\-{]-hÀ -\- -fnâ D mb cn-\-iä (DZm : KWn-X- nâ Ip«n hc Hcp tpymsa-{sn- Â ]mtä, snbvx Hcp t{]mp-ivsnsâ dnt mà«v ) Ch-sbÃmw Ip«n-bpsS ssisb-gp- p-am-kn-i-bnâ DÄs -ts ]T-t\m-Xv]- - -fm-wv. Hmtcm L«- nepw Ch mknâ / kviqfnâ tij-cn- p-sh v s^{_p-h-cn-bnâ Ah DNn-X-amb teþ-hu-«v, ]pdw-n«f n-h-tbmss {]kn-²o-i-cn- m³ Bh-iy-amb ]n pwmkw-hn-[m\w A[ym-]-Icpw ]n.-sn.- F.bpw Gsä-Sp- Ww. Hcp Ip«n Gähpw Ipd-ªXv 15 Fþ4 joäp-i-fpå amkn-i-bmwv X m-dm-t - -Xv. mkvxe nepw kviqäx-e- nepw \S- p hmb-\-þ-c-n\m {]hà -\- Ä v D]-tbm-Kn- m-hp GXm\pw hmb-\m-hn-`-h- fpw Ah-bpsS kmam-\y-amb {]tbm-k-co-xn-ifpw hnzym-cwkw Iem-km-ln-XythZn {]hà -\-k-am-lm-c-ambn X m-dm n kviqä Xpd pw ap¼p-xs e`y-am- pw. kmln-xy-thzn {]hà -\- Ä Imcy- -a-ambpw ka-b-_-ôn-x-ambpw \S- p- -Xn-\pÅ kwl-s-\m-kwhn-[m\w kviqä-þ-d-]-pn-ã-þ-pn-ãm-x-e- -fnâ Pq BZy-hm-cw-Xs cq]o-i-cn-t - -Xm-Wv. kviqä Xpd- p Znh-kw-Xs kviqä hnzym-cwkw Npa-X-e-bpÅ A[ym-]-I-s\ / A[ym-]n-Isb \ný-bn- -Ww. D]-PnÃmXe- nepw PnÃmXe- n-ep-apå kan-xn-iä hmb-\mzn\- n\p ap¼mbn cq]o-i-cn pw. hnzym-cwkw Iem-km-ln-Xy-thZn mkv-þ-kviqäx-e- -fnâ Cu hàjw \S- p {]hà -\- -fpss cq]-tcj Xmsg Zn\m-N-c-W- -fp-ambn _Ô-s -Sp n ]«n-i-bmbn simsp- n-cn- p- p. Xn Xn / Ime-b-fhv Zn\w ]cn-]m-sn-bpss t]cv {]hà \ kqn-\-iä Pq 5 temi ]cn-ønxn Zn\w ] v cn-\-i-fpss hmb\, kzx-{ -c- Pq 19 hmb-\m-zn-\w hmb-\m-b\w N-\-IÄ, Nn{X-c-N-\, ImÀ«q, hmb-\- mcpw Fgp- p-im-cpambn A`napJw, Is -gp- v, Pqsse 21 Nm{µ-Zn\w A¼n-fn- mew BKÌv 15 kzmx-{ y-zn\w kzmx-{ y- p-ecn Ub-dn- p-dn- p-iä, Bkzm-Z- Nn w 1 (B-KÌv 17) IÀj-I-Zn\w Nn - n v \w, Ihn-Xm-em-]-\w, \ms-im-hnjvim-cw, IY ]d-bâ, IY k]vxw-_à 1 HmWw, _{IoZv ]q fw hmb-\, hmà X m-dm- Â, k]vxw-_à 5 A[ym-]-I-Zn\w Fsâ So À ASn- p-dn-s -gp-xâ, {]`m-j- k]vxw-_à 21 {io\m-cm-b-w-kp-cp-k-am[n Kpcp-kva-cW HIvtSm-_À 2 KmÔn-P-b n _m p-kvarxn \hw-_à 1 tic-f- n-dhn Zn\w ]nd- mäa-[pcw \hw-_à 14 inip-zn\w ]\n-\oà q \hw-_à 20 _mem-h-im-i-zn\w F\n- v, R Ä v P\p-hcn 1 ]pxp-hàj-zn\w ]pxp-hàj- pån P\p-hcn 24 _men-im-zn\w tpymxnêv s^{_p-hcn 21 temi-am-xr-`m-jm-zn\w `mtjm-õhw Ww, Biw-km-ImÀUv, \ms³]m«v tij-c-whpw Ah- X-c-W-hpw, bm{x, {KÙ-imem kµài-\w, mkv sse{_dn Hcp- Â, ]pkvx-i-{]-zài-\w, ]pkvx-i-h- n, ]pkvx-i-]-cn-nb- p-dn- p-iä, hmb-\m-\p-`-h- Ä, _muvpv \nà½m-ww, C³e³Uvv amkn-i, ]Xn- p- IÄ, NpaÀ]-{Xw, Is -gp- pam-kn-i. 2

bp.-]n.-hn-`mkw Pq 5 ]cn-ønxn Zn\w. ] v mkvx-ew -{]-hà \w 1 kpk-x-ip-am-cn-bpss ssxh-bv Â F IhnX Ip«n-IÄ ]cn-n-b-s -Sp- p. So -dpssbpw Ip«n-I-fpsSbpw snmãâ, {Kq p-i-fnâ hmb\ ssxh-bv Â kpk-x-ip-amcn Hcp Nn{Xw Im I, ISpw-\n-d- q-«nâ hc-ª-xm-wnxv; Xncn-ªp-\nÂ p-i. Ccp `mk- -fp- n-xn-\v, a[y- nþ semcp \Zn N p Idp-s m-gp-ip- q. Hcp Ic-bn-embv ]pi-bnâ ap nbpw Idbpw tnmcbpw azn-cbpw hmà pw Pbn-ep-t]mÂ, {`m m-e-bw-t]mâ Nqghpþ agn-iä ]minb \Kcw s]m p- p. adp-`m-k- -ev]-a-i-se-b- aw Hc-án-]ÀÆXw Npa p \nâ p p! AXn³ apj-s mcp Nph- p-im-wp- p, AXn³ apcä -sbm- -aà p tiä p- q api-fn-em-im-i-an-cp- p -Xm-sWt m hcpw-t]mâ ImtXmÀ p Npfp- n-\nâ p- q. \Zn- -c-bn-ep- n-cp-t]à, sims m-cpan-sp- \pw t\m n ncn- p-a-½-bpw. Ahn-sSbm a nâ XSw-]n-Sn- ½ aisâ ssibm-se-sbmcp ssx hbv p- q. AXp Im si,- \Zn hnxp-¼p- q, Ing-h-\m-Imiw Ip\nªp t\m p- q. ]d-bp q IWvT-an-S-dn-Sm-X-hÄ, ac-anxp s]m n hfà p \mtf-bv p XWepw ]q fpw ]g- fpw Imäpw agbpw ] bpw \nd p \ÂI-s«³ awn- p-«, ½-bv -X-Ãtbm tamlw? AXp tiäs {`m ³ \Kcw Iq p q! AI-se- o-a-e-b-aà n-aq-fp- q AXn-s\-t, sim p-a-isâ ssi ]nsnþ Xn p s]ä½ IpSn-\oÀ hogv p q! NÀ bv p tijw Cu Ihn-XbpsS Bibw ASnØm-\-am n hyàn-k-x-ambn IY, Ihn-X, Nn{X-c-N\. cn-\-iä mknâ s]mxp-hmbn Ah-X-cn- n v Ip«n-IÄ v hne-bn-cp- m³ Ah-kcw \ÂI-Ww. cn-\-iä ssisb-gp- p-am-kn-i-bn-te mbn So À tij-cn phbv p- p. (c-n-\-i-fpss Xncp- p-ifpw amä- fpw hcp- nb BZy-cq-]-amWv tij-cn- p-h-bvt - -Xv. amkn-i-bnâ tnà m-\på A n-a-cq]w ]n osv amkn-im-\nà½m-w- m-e v ]qà n-bm- n-bmâ axn-bm-ipw.) {]hà \w 2 apã-t\-gn-bpss achpw a\p-jy\pw F \msiw hmb-\bpw Ah-X-c-Whpw {Kq p-i-fmbn \msiw hmbn v NÀ sn p- p. cwkm-h-xcw n-\på Hcp- - Ä {Kq p-i-fnâ \S- p- p. 3

achpw a\p-jy\pw apã-t\gn H v aq p-t]àho-x-apå c p kwlw thzn-bpss c p hi- p-\n v ac-ambn \r w-snbvxp hcp- p. (]Ým- e- nâ DNn-X-amb Xmfw). ac- Ä H p-tnà v Hcp h -c-am-ip- p. At m Btdm hb-êmb Hcp Ip«n AtX Xmf- nâ, Nph-Sp-I-fnÂ \r w-snbvxv {]th-in- p- p. ac-hp-ambn kã-]n- p- p. Aev]-t\-c- n-\ptijw hnjm-z-aq-i-\mbn ac-t m-«n-en-cn- p- p. acw : apt, apt, awn-ap-t, ap w ap w awn-ap w apjw Idp- p-h-sx- nt m? apjn-ªn-cn- p-h-sx- nt m? Ip«n : ]«p-ip- m-b-sa-\n- nã ]mepw ]g-hp-sa-\n- nã ]p m-c-tam-t\-sb-s s hnfn- p-hm³ ]qa-c-ta,sb\n- m-cp-an-ã. acw : a pw achpw a\p-jy-\p-sam-s p Iptª, R -f-dn-bp q tx³i\n s]m«n p N -bnâ hnän«p th -h-sbãmw hm n- q. acw sim¼p-iä Xmgv n-s m-sp- p- p. Ip«n BËm-Z-t mss I\n-IÄ s]m«n v Ip«-bn-em n. Ip«Xe-bnteän t]mip- p. acw : a nsâbm-g- nâ thcp v am\ p ap«p Xe-bp v Bbncw ssisim p Zm\w sn m³ ]qhp-t]m-epå a\-êp- v. Xfn-cn«p Xmcn«p \nâ p Imew XW-te-Im-\p-e-InÂ ac-ap- v. c v acw Iptd- qsn XSn- n-«p v. ] s Ip«n C p bphm-hm-wv. AbmÄ hnjm-z-`m-h-t mss {]th-in- p- p. acw : I\n-sbÃmw X n«pw Iªn IpSn- n«pw angn-bn-w-sbt \\-ªn-cn- m³? bphmhv : Iªn IpSn p Ign-ª-t m-sf³ Ic-fn\p tamlw. atª-ev m-s mcp ag-tb-ev m-s mcp Ipªn- q-c. acw : Imew adp- p, tamlw IqSp p ImWm- -sxm- p v ]t, tamlw AXntam-l-ambn amdp-t¼mä tamn-\-an-ãm \msf. bphmhv (B-ß-K-Xw) : Cu acw hg- n-sã- pt m? F -s\-sb- nepw ac- n-s\-sbm v kzm[o-\n- -W-atÃm. \Ã XSn-b³ sim¼p-iä. CuSpä ImXep- m-bn-cn pw DÅnÂ! at\m-l-c-amb Hcp _w m-hv, k p-jvsamb IpSpw-_w, _m n-h-cp XSn hnämâ ssi \ndsb \mw-b- Ä Blm! 4

(a-c- n-t\msv ) : ]s -\n-t -Inb hmkvzm\w ]mts ad- p-i-bmtwm \o? a pw achpw a\p-jy-\p-sam-s - þ sxs ]Tn- n- -XtÃ \o? B ac-aoacw ]qa-c-ta, A n- p-d- p-hm³ hosp thww. acw : Bhq! Ch-sâ-sbmcp hmin! hmin v \mi-amwv ^ew. icn, \nsâ tamlw \S- s«a pw Rm³ Im p p agbpw Rm³ Im p p F pw a\p-jysc Im p- p. sndp-nn-ã-iä sh«nt m hossm p tiänt m ag h mâ ho pw XfnÀ qtem! bphmhv sim¼p-ifpw NnÃIfpw sh«p- p. Ah-km\w hnp-b-`m-h-t mss ISbpw sh«p- p. ac- nsâ BÀ -\m-zw. bphmhv kt m-j-t mss cwkw hnsp- p. AhnsS Ah-ti-jn- p- Xv ac- pän am{xw. ac- pän : a\p-jy³: at\m-l-c-am-sbmco {]]- - nâ ai-s\-t màs ³ a\-a-h\p simsp q Rm³. a[p-c- -\n-bp p am\kw hf-tc-t m³ ad q kzbw, em`-s m-xn-x³ agp hoin ac-tam-tcm pw shån-\m-wy-ambv amdo-sp-t¼mä acww Nncn- p p; a\pjym, Icbpw \o. aq v bphmhv Ct mä ]Sp-hr-²-\m-bn-cn- p- p. XfÀ v Ah-i-\mb AbmÄ ac- p-än p kao-]-sa n ac- p-änsbbpw A -co- -s bpw amdn-amdn t\m p- p. ac- pän : \nsâ taml- Ä km m-â -cn- ntã? ]ns - n\o Zp:Jw? a\p-jy³ : Icn-ªp-In-S- p s\â m-s- Ä, Ie- n- n-s- p \Zn-IÄ, Ic-ªp-hoÀ I p-iä, Nnd-Iäp hogp kz]v\- Ä. I o-cnsâ \\-hp-t]m-ep-an-ãm DjvW- mäv! Bhq h! h! ac- pän : a\p-jy³ Zpcn-X- Ä kzbw krjvsn- p- p. H w, \njvi-f- -amb {]Ir-Xnsb apdn-s -Sp- p- p. a\p-jy³ : Bcpw Bscbpw apdn-s -Sp- m Hcp temi-s - p-dn v Rm³ ti«n-«p- v. ]t, Fsâ em`s m-xn-b-cmb Iq«p-ImÀ, a\p-jyà, apdn-hp-i-fpss Aán- p-cbv v Xo simfp- n-bn-cn- p- p. Rm\p-a-XnÂ sh p \odp- p. ac- pän : AtX, B em`-s m-xn-bmwv Fs \in- n- -Xv. a\p-jy³ : (a-c- p-änsb si«n- n-sn- v) Imew thàs]-sp- nb \ap v C\nbpw H p-tn-cmw. \mw Xpey Zp:JnXcm-Wv. C\nbpw hän- -gn-bm CÑm-i-àn v Xo simfp- mw.. Cu \ms-im-hn-jvi-c-w- n-â\n v A`n-\-b- nâ ani-hp-å-hsc Is - mw. \msiw I p hne-bn-cp- nb Ip«n-IÄ Ah-cpsS A\p-`-h- p-dn v Fgp-X-s«. Cu Ipdn- p-iä amknimtij-c- n-te v amän-hbv -Ww. imkv{xþ]cn-ønxn ºpIfpw kmln-xy-th-znbpw kwbp-à-ambn kviqäxe ]cn-ønxn Zn\m-N-c-W-]-cn- ]m-sn-iä Bkq-{XWw sn -Ww. B kwk-a- nâ Ihn-Xm-em-]-\hpw \ms-im-hn-jvim-chpw DÄs -Sp- mw. 5

Pq 19 þ Pqsse 2 : hmb-\m] m-n-cww (Pqsse 4 _joàzn\w hsc BImw) hmb\m-b\w ]n.-f³.-]-wn- À þ NpaÀ ]{Xw ]n.-f³.-]-wn- cpss Poh-N-cn-{X-kw-{Klw A\p-_-Ôw 1 Bbn tnà n-«p v. (ti-cf `mjm C³Ìn-Syq«v {]kn-²o-i-cn tum.-tkm]n ]pxp-t m-snsâ ]n.-f³.-]-wn- À F Poh-N-cn- {X-Ir-Xn-bnÂ\n v kw{kln- -Xv. ]pkvxiw Ct mä `mjm C³Ìn-Syq«nÂ In«pw. hne 30 cq]). Pq 19 \v Cu Ipdn v mknse {Kq p-i-fnâ hmb-\bv pw NÀ bv pw \ÂI-Ww. XpSÀ v Hmtcm {Kq pw ]n.-f³.-]-wn- -sc- p-dn v Hcp NpaÀ ]{Xw X m-dm- -s«. ]n.-f³.-]-wn- À, {KÙ-imem {]Øm\w, hmb-\m-zn\w XpS- n-b-h-sb- p-dn- v Ip«n-IÄ tij-cn ]{X-hmÀ -IÄ, Nn{X- Ä, Ipdn- p- IÄ XpS- n-b-hbpw NpaÀ]{X nâ tnà mw. Ip«n-I-fpsS Fgp- m-bn-cn- Ww ap n-«p-\nât - -Xv. ]{X- n\v kz -amb t]cp \ÂIm³ \nàt±-in- -Ww. ASp Znhkw FÃm mkn-sebpw NpaÀ]-{X- Ä kviqäx-e- nâ s]mxp-hmbn {]ZÀin- n- p-ibpw sxc-sª-sp Ip«n-I-fpsS Hcp kwlw Ch hne-bn-cp n ani NpaÀ]-{X- Ä Is - p-i-bp-am-hmw. {]XnZn\w Hcp ]pkvxiw þ ]pkvx-i-]-cn-nbw kviqä Akw-»n-bnÂ Pq 19 apxâ BKÌv 1 hsc Hcp ]pkvxiw ]cn-n-b-s -Sp- -Ww. ae-bm-f-`m-jbnse {]apj IrXn-Isf ]cn-n-b-s -Sp- -Xn-\pÅ Ah-k-c-ambn CXv {]tbm-p-\-s -SWw. Fgp- -Ñ³, sndp-tè-cn, Ip ³ \¼ymÀ, Bim³, hå-t mä, XI-gn, _joà XpS nbhcpss IrXn-IÄ DÄs -Sp- mw. mknâ Nne cn-\-i-fpss hmb-\bpw Bkzm-Z-\hpw FÃm Znh-khpw \S- -Ww. DÄs -Sp- m-hp Nne cn-\-i-fpss t]cv A\p-_-Ô-ambn tnà p- p. e`y-xbv \p-k-cn v amä- -fm-imw. Ign-bp-sa- nâ sndnb cn-\-i-tfm, cn-\m-`m-k- tfm BIp- Xv hmb-\sb klm-bn- pw. IY, Ihn-X, t\mhâ, bm{xm-hn-h-c- Ww, Bß-I-Y, A\p-`hw XpS- nb hnhn[ kmln-xy-hn-`m-k- Ä ]cn-k-wn- p-i. kviqäx-e- nepw kmln-xy-th-zn-bpss {]txyi tbmk- Ä tnà pw mknse `mjm ]ncn-b-up-ifpw kà -th-f-ifpw {]tbm-p-\-s -Sp- nbpw Cu {]hà \w \S- -Ww. Fsâ hmb\ C v þ Ubdn Fsâ hmb\ C v F t]cnâ Cu Znh-k- -fnâ FÃm Ip«n-Ifpw AhÀ v e`n hmb-\m-\p-`-h- sf ti{µo-i-cn v Ubdn Fgp-Xp-Ibpw Ah-bnÂ ct m aqt m Ipdn- p-iä FÃm Znh-khpw mknâ hmbn- p-ibpw thww. mkv Xe- nepw kviqä/kmln-xy-thzn Xe- nepw ani Ub-dn- p-dn- p-iä tnà v Hcp hmb\mub-dn Xn v hmb-\m-b-\- nsâ kam-]-\- nâ X m-dm- -Ww. hyàn-kx hmb\mub-dn- p-dn v Ah-cpsS amkn-im-ti-j-c- n-te- v. ]pkvx-i-{]-zài\w kviqäx-e- nâ ]pkvx-i-{]-zài\w Hcp- -Ww. CXn\v \Ã aps m-cp- - Ä Bh-iy-am-Wv. kviqä / mkv sse{_-dn-bnse ]pkvx-i- Ä Xcw-Xn-cn v {]ZÀin- n- -Ww. sxc-sª-sp F w ]pkvx-i- -sf (\qtdm AXn-e-[n-I-tam) ]cn-n-b-s -Sp- p hmb-\- màup-iä A3 hen- - nâ X m-dm n ]pkvx-i-{]-zài-\- nâ DÄs -Sp- -Ww. Cu ImÀUp-IÄ Ip«n-I-fpsS kwl- -fmwv X m-dm-t - -Xv. ]pkvx-i- nsâ ]pdw-n-«-bpss Nn{Xw sndp-xmbn {]nsâ-sp v AXv hmb-\- màunâ H«n- p-tnà mâ \ v. ]c-am-h[n c n-xm- Ä ]pkvx-i-{]-zài-\- n-s\- -Ww. AXn-\p-th {]hà \w ]n.-sn.-f.-bp-ambn tnà v \S- m mw. k -cn- p sse{_dn hmb-\m-b-\- nsâ `mk-ambn kviqfnâ Hcp k -cn- p sse{_dn köo-i-cn- -Ww. Hcp sndnb t{smfn CXn-\p-th n hm m³ ]n.-sn.-f.bv v Ign-bpw. 6

Hmtcm Znh-khpw mkvap-dn-i-fn-tebv v k cn- p sse{_dn ap³iq«n \ný-bn ka-b v (D bv v CâÀshÂ BWv Gähpw tbmpn- -Xv) mkp-i-fnâ F Ww. ka-b-]-cn-[n- -I v ]qà n-bm- m-hp- - hn[w C mkv C Znhkw F \ne-bnâ dq«v \ný-bn- -Ww. t{smfn-bnâ ]pkvxiw \nd-bv Â, t{smfnbpss \nb-{ -Ww, ]pkvxiw hnx-cww sn Â, hnx-cw cpn-ìdnâ tcj-s -Sp- Â, ap³zn-hkw simsp ]pkvxiw Xncn- p-hm- Â XpS- n-b-h-bvs Ãmw Ip«n-Isf Npa-X-e-s -Sp- -Ww. Hmtcm Znh-khpw Hmtcm mênse Ip«n-IÄ v Npa-Xe \ÂImw. Cu k -cn- p sse{_dn hàjw apgp-h³ \o p-\nâ p {]hà -\-ambn amämw. mkv hmb-\m-acw mkv Npa-cnÂ hen-sbmcp NmÀ«v t] -dnâ \ndsb sim¼p-i-fp-å Hcp hmb-\m-a-cw. Hmtcm Znh-khpw Ht m ct m Ip«n-IÄ v AhÀ hmbn ]pkvx-i- nsâ t]cv Hcp Ce hc- p-tnà v B Ce-bv p-ånâ Fgp-Xmw. ac- nsâ IS-bv Â hmbn Ip«n-bpsS t]cpwfgp-x-ww. BhÀ \w Hgn-hm- -Ww. Hmtcm Znh-khpw Ce- IÄ Iq«n-t À Ww. hmb-\m-b\w ]qà n-bm-ip-t¼mä \ndsb ]pkvx-i-bn-e-i-fpå Hcp hmb-\m-acw X mà. 7

{KÙ-imem kµài\w kviqfn-\-sp- på {KÙ-ime / hmb-\-ime kµàin- Â. AhnsS Ønc-ambn F p hmb-\- m-tcm-spå A`n-ap-Jhpw Ah-cpsS hmb-\m-\p-`-h- Ä ] p-sh-bv -epw. kviqä sse{_-dn-bn-en-ãm ]pkvx-i- Ä ]cn- N-b-s -SÂ, AwK-Xz-sa-Sp- Â XpS- n-bh hmb-\m-b-\- nsâ `mk-ambn \S- m³ {ian- -Ww. A½-hm-b\ A½-am-cpsS / c nxm -fpss hmb-\- q-«m-bvabv v XpS w. AhÀ v kviqä sse{_-dn-bnse ]pkvx-i- Ä hmbn- m³ Ah-k-c-sam-cp- Â. Ah-cpsS hmb-\m-\p-`-h- Ä kviqä Akw-»n-bntem kmln-xy-th-zn-bntem Ah-X-c-Ww. A½-am-cpsS/c n-xm- -fpss/ho«nse aäp apxnà -h-cpss hmb-\- p-dn- p-iä Ip«n-IÄ Ah-cpsS ssisbgp- p-am-kn-i-bv mbn tij-cn- Â. hmb-\m-b-\- nâ {]tbm-p-\-s -Sp-t Nne cn-\-iä (]p-kvx-i- -fnâ\n v sxc-sª-sp `mk- fpss t]pv \¼À tnà n-cn- p- p. Cu t]pp-iä t^mt«mtim n FSp v Ip«n-IÄ v \ÂImw.) 1. tsmt«m Nm³ (sxxvkptim Iptdm-bm-\Kn þ \mj-wâ _piv {SÌv, hne 120 cq]) 1,2,3 A[ym-b- Ä 2. dnbmsâ InWÀ (A-_vZpÅ p«n FS-h þ amxr-`qan _pivkv, hne 50 cq]) t]pv 9þ21 3. Fsâ Ip«n- mew (NmÀen Nm]vfn³ þ amxr-`qan _pivkv, hne 100 cq]) t]pv 18-þ34 4. lm n {]n³kv (HmkvImÀ sshâuv þ amxr-`qan _pivkv, hne 50 cq]) t]pv 9þ27, 40-þ48 (lm n {]n³kv, kzmà n-bmb cm -k³ F o IY-IÄ) 5. ] - p-xn-c-bpss ]m«v (C.-Pn-\³ þ ticf kwøm\ _me-km-lnxy C³Ìn-Syq-«v, hne 30 cq]) t]pv 22,23 (Xpd ]pkvxiw F Ihn-X-)- þ A\p-_Ôw 2 t\m p-i. 6. `qan-bpss Ah-Im-in-IÄ (_-joà þ Uokn _pivkv, hne 30 cq]) t]pv 43-þ51 (Fsâ D½ F IY) 7. A n- - nsâ Ip«n- -hn-x-iä (A- n w Ihn-X-IÄ k¼qà w, amxr-`qan _pivkv) ag- m-dn-t\m-sv (t]pv 668), I S tht? (t]pv 708-þ710) A\p-_Ôw 2 t\m p-i. 8. sam«n-sp Ip«n-Êm-lnXyw (Ip-«n-I-fpsS cn-\m-k-am-lmcw þ ticf imkv{x-km-lnxy ]cn-j- v, hne 150 cq]) t]pv 70-þ71 (B-Im-i- mgvn þ \µ\ Sn.-H.), t]pv 47 (N-cSp s]m«n _eq - þ- A-]ÀW Nn{X-Iw), t]pv 83 (kp-µ-cao temiw þ \ocpm t{]w\m-yv), t]pv 97-þ98 (ap-«m-bn-acw þ IhnX at\m-là), t]pv 105-þ106 (I-SÂ-þ-knPn³.-sI.), t]pv 110 (ImWm- Xv þ {iothwn Fw.-Un.), t]pv 150 (c p Ihn-X-IÄ þ ARvPen Fw.), t]pv 193 (IpS hep-xm-i-tw -þ-a-\\y Fkv.), t]pv 201 (kulrzw þ ko\ v F.), t]pv 208 (AcpXv þ hn\ox si.), apf Im v (A-`n-cm-an) A\p-_Ôw 2 t\m p-i. 9. ]ncn-bm Ip«n (A-izXn Pn.-BÀ., EXp _pivkv, {ioir-jvw-]p-cw, hne 90 cq]) t]pv 18, 33, 39 (A-h³, B-gvN- m-gvn, ]n-cn-bm Ip«n F o Ihn-X-IÄ) A\p-_Ôw 2 t\m p-i. 10. PohnXw F AÛpXw (tum.-hn.-]n.-kw-km-[-c³, Uokn _pivkv, hne 110 cq]) t]pv 73-þ78, 103-þ109, 196- þ203 (s]- m ag, Nn w-nndp Infntb I -½m, ac-w-an-ãm kpan F o 3 A[ym-b- Ä) Ipdn v : api-fnâ kqnn- n cn-\-i-fnâ NneXv A\p-_-Ô-ambn simsp- n-«p- v. aäp-åh sse{_-dn-bnâ\n v Is - p-i. hmb-\, IY ]d-bâ, IhnXmem-]-\w, Bkzm-Z-\- p-dn- p-iä, Zriym-hn-jvIm-cw, Nn{X-c-N\, IYm-c-N-\, I- hnxmcn\ F n-h-bvs Ãmw tbmpn A\p-`-h- Ä Ip«n-IÄ p e`n- m³ klm-bn- p hmb-\m-hn-`-h- -fmwv ChnsS \nàt±-in- n-«p-å-xv. Ch e`n- m³ _p²n-ap-t«às -Sp kml-n-cy- nâ kam-\-amb aäp cn-\-ifpw hmb-\-bv mbn \ÂI-Ww. kwl-hm-b-\bpw kwl-{]-xn-i-c-whpw t{]mõm-ln- n Ww. mkvx-e- nepw kviqäx-e- nepw ]c-am-h[n kà m-hn-jvim-c- Ä v Ah-kcw \ÂIm³ hmb-\m-]- m-n-cww {]tbm-p-\-s -Sp- p-a-tãm. cq]-s -Sp Bkzm-Z-\- p-dn- v, IY, Ihn-X, Nn{Xw Ch-sbÃmw Ip«n-I-fpsS hyàn-kx ssisb-gp- p-amkn-i-bn-te-bv på DXv]- - -fmbn amän-sh-bv -Ww. kwl-c-n-\-iä AwK- Ä v ]IÀ n-sb-sp v Ah-cpsS amkn-i-bn-te-bv på hn`-h-ambn ]cn-k-wn- mw. ] - v, hmb-\m-b\w F o c p Zn\m-N-cW{]hÀ \ fn-eqss kviqä kàt m-õ-h- n-tebv v Hmtcm mknâ\n- p-apå {]Xn-\n-[n-Isf Is - m³ Ign-bpw. \ms³]m«v F C\- n-\p-am{xw kviqäx-e- nâ mkp-i-fnâ\n v XXv]-c-cmb Ip«n-Isf t\cn«p Is - n-bmâ axn-bm-ipw. 8

Pqsse 21 þ Nm{µ-Zn\w A¼n-fn- mew N{µ-\p-ambn _Ô-s «Ihn-X-I-fp-sSbpw IY-I-fp-sSbpw hmb-\bpw NÀ -bp-amwv Nm{µ-Zn-\- nâ kmln-xythzn Gsä-Sp-t - -Xv. N{µ-s\- p-dn- på IS- -Y-IÄ, \mtsm-sn- -Y-IÄ XpS- n-bh ]cn-n-b-s -Sm-\pÅ Ahk-chpw thww. N{µ-s\- p-dn pw \nem-hn-s\- p-dn pw ]cm-aài-apå Ne- n-{x-km-\- Ä ({]k-à-amb hcn-iä) Ip«n-IÄ Is n Ah-X-cn- n- p {]hà -\-t mss A¼n-fn- m-e- n\v XpS- -an-smw. ]Xn-hmbn ]uà -an-txmdpw ]Sn-hm-Xn-en-\- p-d-sa n IWn-sh-Åcn ImgvN-shbv pw I\-I-\n-emth! (]n.-`m-kvi-c³) Icn-ap-InÂ m-«nse cp-\n-x³ ta«nse I\-Imw-_-c- Ä hmso, IS- p-håw bm{x-bmbo Ic-bnÂ \o am{x-ambn (]n.-`m-kvi-c³) tkm]p-c-\-s-bnâ hmk- -N-{µ³ tkmtcm-n-\- pdn hc p (]n.-`m-kvi-c³) sh n-em- -µ-\- n w ]p -a-s- m-b-enâ hotw Ipªn-fw-ssI-IÄ sim v timcn-sb-sp- m³ hm CXp-t]mse ]g-bxpw ]pxn-b-xp-amb Km\-i--I-e- -sfãmw Ip«n-IÄ ]msn Ah-X-cn- n- -s«. XpSÀ v hb-emdnsâ X - m-gn-i- p-s-aã F kn\namkm\w ]cn-n-b-s -Sp- p- p. (Hm-Untbm e`y-am-sw- nâ D]-tbm- Kn- p-iþt]ähyq F Nn{X- nâ tbip-zmkv ]msn-bxv; kwkoxw Pn.tZh-cm-P³. bpþsyq_nâ D v) X - m-gn-i- p-s-aã Xmcm-]-Y- nse cy-aã N{µ-_nw_w Ihn-IÄ ]pigv pw kzà -a-bq-c-a-ã. IkvXq-cn-am-\nÃ ItÃm-en-\n-bnÃ Iev]-I- -fnàa-c- -W-enÃ GtXm hnc-l- n ncpäh p aqsp-samþ tcim- -iq-\y-x-btãm þ Ahn-sS-sbmþ tcim- y-iq-\y-x-btãm. IÀ q-c-in-e-bnã IZ-fo-h-\-anÃ Imänsâ Nnd-I-Sn-sbm- -bnã GtXm {]W-b- n³ IY-tbmÀ p \nev p-samþ tcim- -aqix-btãm þ Ahn-sS-sbmþ tcim- -aqix-btãm. Cu Km\hpw N{µ-s\- p-dn- på aäp Km\- fpw X½n-epÅ hyxymkw (B-i-b-]-cw) NÀ snbvxpsim v hb-emà imkv{x-x- z- sf Xsâ Ihn-X-I-fn-se- -t]mse Km\- -fnepw DÄs m-ån- n-cp p F hkvxpx Ip«n-IÄ Xncn- -dn-bp- -Xn-tebv v Cu {]hà \s \bn- -Ww. Bimsâ A¼n-fn, sshtem- n-ån-bpss N{µsâ Nncn, cho-{µ-\my SmKq-dnsâ hm\-ú³ (hnhà \w si.-hn.-kp-tc-jv) Ihn-Xbpw Ip«n-IÄ v hmbn- m³ \ÂImw. (A\p-_Ôw 3) Ihn-X-IÄ {Kq p-i-fnâ hmbn v Ip«n-IÄ Ah-tbmSp {]Xn-I-cn- -s«. ]d-bm³ Ah-kcw \evip-i-bmwv BZyw snt -Xv. XpSÀ v Fgp- p-am-imw. Bim-sâbpw sshtem- n-ån-bp-ssbpw IhnX Bem-]-\- n\v {]tbm-p-\-s -Sp- mw. Bimsâ Ihn-Xbpw SmKq-dnsâ Ihn-Xbpw X½nÂ Xmc-Xayw sn m-\-h-kcw. Ipdn-s -gp-xâ.. 9

Ip«n-IÄ tij-cn- p \mtsm-sn- -Y-Ifpw \ms³]m-«p-ifpw ISw-I-Y-Ifpw mknâ s]mxp-hmbn ]cn-n-bs -Sp- -Ww. Hmtcm Ip«nbpw tij-cn- h Ah-cpsS amkn-i-bn-te-bv v. N{µ\pw \nemhpw DÅ cm{xn Hcp Bi-b-am-sb-Sp v Nn{X-c-N\ \S- mw. hyàn-k-x-c-n-\-iä ssisb-gp- p-am-kn-i-bv m-bpå tij-c- n-tebv v BKÌv 6 apxâ 15 hsc þ lntcm-jn-aþ\m-k-kmin Zn-\ Ä, Iznäv C ym Zn\w, kzmx-{ y-zn\w kzmx-{ y- p-ecn lntcm-jn-am-zn-\hpw \mk-kmin Zn\hpw bp²- n-s\-xn-cmb kmln-xy-c-n-\-iä hmbn- m\pw cnn- m-\p-apå Ah-k-c- -fmbn amd-ww. kzmx-{ y- nsâ bymà -aq-ey- -fn-tebv pw hnhn[ taj-e-i-fnâ \S- p kzmx-{ y-\n-tj-[-s - p-dn- på Xncn- -dn-hn-tebv pw Ip«n-Isf \bn- p hmb-\m-{]-hà -\- -fmwv Iznäv C ym Zn\w apxâ Hcm-gvN- mew \S-t - -Xv. bp²- n-s\-xn-cmb Nn bpw kzmx-{ y- n-\på A`n-hm- RvObpw ]c-kv]-c_ô-ap-å-hbmwv F Bibw Ip«n-I-fnÂ F p Xc- nâ mkvxe {]hà -\- fpw kviqäxe {]hà -\- fpw Bkq-{XWw sn -Ww. kà m-ß-i-c-n-\iä, {]`m-j-ww, Bem-]-\w, Zriym-hn-jvIm-cw, Nn{X-c-N-\, NpaÀ]{X \nà½mww XpS- nb \nc-h[n {]hà -\- Ä v km[y-x-bpå Bi-b- -fmwv bp²-hpw, kzmx-{ y-hpw. Xsâ t\à p Xncnª Iymad I p txm m-sw p IcpXn t]sn s] Ip-«n-bpsS Nn{Xw mknâ {]ZÀin- n- p- p. (Nn{Xw {]nsâ-spt m em]vtsm]v/s{]mp-iväà D]-tbm-Knt m Ip«n-IÄ v ImWm³ kuicyw D m Ww) Nn{X-hm-b\ Ip«n-IÄ {]Xn-I-cn- -s«. khn-tij {]Xn-I-c-W- Ä mknsâ s]mxp{i²-bnâ sim p-h-c-ww. Cu Ip«n-bpsS apjw \n -fnâ Fs Ãmw txm -ep-iä D m n? 10

Cu Ip«n v \½-tfmSv Fs Ãmw ]d-bm-\p- mipw? F mhpw Cu Ip«n-bpsS Pohn-X-km-l-Ncyw? Fgp-Xn-t\m- q FÃm-hÀ pw Fgp-Xm-\pÅ Ah-k-cw. Fgp- nâ tijn Ipd-hmb Ip«n-IÄ v ]d-bm³ Ah-kcw \ÂIn So tdm aäp Ip«n-Itfm AXv Fgp-Xn-sb-Sp- -Ww. X m-dm- nb Ipdn- p-i-fpss hmb-\, NÀ, sa -s -Sp Â. Ipdn- p-iä amkn-im-ti-j-c- n-te-bv v IhnXm hnhà \w Cu sim p-i-hnx hmbn- q. (G-sX- nepw Hsc- w) OR When I walk through the fields and See dead bodies, I feel loneliness. The houses are wrecked Most of the people have fled I am the only one left. I walk in this world thinking of old times, of jolly times, But that is past. I now have to walk towards the future. Rivers of blood, filled with innocent souls No food on our plates, or cereal in our bowls. We fight for freedom, lives lost every day. The battlefield painted red, with skies lonely and grey. So À ]e XhW hmbn- p-ibpw AÀ w a\-ên-em-im³ _p²n-ap-«på ]Z- Ä hni-zo-i-cn- p-ibpw sn p- p. Cu IhnX \ap v ae-bm-f- n-se-gp-xn-bmtem? 4þ5 t]cpå {Kq p-i-fmbn Xncnªv IhnX ae-bm-f- n-em- p- p. {Kq p-i-fpss Ah-X-c-Ww. NÀ bneqss amä- fpw Iq«n-t À -ep-i-fp-saãmw \S n mknsâ Hcp s]mxp-c-n\-bm n amäp p. Cw o-jn-epå Ihn-Xbpw {Kq p-i-fnâ sa -s -Sp- nb hnhà -\hpw amkn-im-ti-j-c- n-te-bv v. bp²-hn-cp² t]mìà ap³ {]hà -\- nâ cq]-s «IhnX Fgp-Xnb bp²-hn-cp² t]mìdpiä {Kq p-i-fnâ X m-dm- p- p. t]mì-dnâ Nn{X- Ä hc p tnà p-ibpw bp²-hn-cp² ap{zm-hm-iy- -sf-gp-xp-i-bp-am-hmw. (F-þ3 t] -dp- IÄ D]-tbm-Kn- p-i) t]mì-dp-iä kviqäx-e- nâ {]ZÀi-\hpw s]mxp-ø-e- -fnâ ]Xn- -epw. kzmx-{ y-zn-\-hp-ambn _Ô-s «Ihn-X-I-fp-sSbpw aäp kmln-xy-c-n-\-i-fp-ssbpw hmb-\bpw kzmx-{ y-zn-\- - Xn v X m-dm- -ep-amwv mkvxe kmln-xy-thzn {]hà -\- -fnâ DÄs -ts- -Xv. kzmx-{ y-k-acw þ hå-t mä -hn-xm ]cn-nbw kzmx-{ y-k-a-chpw tzio-b-{]-øm-\-hp-ambn _Ô-s «hå-t m-ä hn-x-i-fpss hmb-\bpw NÀ bpw. 11

amxr-`q-an-tbm-sv, IÀ½-`q-an-bpsS ]n p-imâ, \½psS adp-]-sn, JmZn-h-k-\- Ä ssis mähnt\-h-cpw, t]mcm t]mcm F o Ihn-X-I-fnse Nne `mk- Ä Ip«n-IÄ kwl-ambn hmbn- p-ibpw mknâ s]mxphmbn snmãn-b-h-x-cn- n- p-ibpw sn p- p. (I-hn-Xm-`m-K- Ä A\p-_-Ô-ambn tnà n-«p- v) mknse ani Ihn-Xm-em-]-\-ti-jn-bp-Å-hsc Ip«n-IÄ Is - -s«. A cw 5þ6 Ip«n-I-fpsS {Kq v kzmx-{ y-zn-\- n\v Hcp hå-t mä -hnx kviqfnse s]mxp-]-cn-]m-sn-bnâ Ah-X-cn- n- -Ww. kzmx-{ y-w þ Ihn-X-I-fpsS hmb\ kzmx-{ yw-x-s -b-arxw kzmx-{ yw-xs PohnXw ]mc-x{ yw am\n-iä v arxn-tb- mä `bm-\iw! Ipam-c-\m-imsâ Cu hcn-iä kzmx-{ y-s - p-dn v Fs Ãmw ]d-bp- p v? Ip«n-IÄ Ah-cpsS Is - -ep-iä ]d-bp- p. {][m\ hkvxp-x-iä t_màunâ / NmÀ«nÂ FgpXn mkn\p s]mxp-hmbn hmbn- m³ Ah-kcw \ÂIp- p. XpSÀ v hocm³ip«n Fgp-Xnb ]mtw H v þ kzmx{ yw F IhnX {Kq nâ hmbn- m³ \ÂIp- p. ]mtw H v þ kzmx{ yw hocm³ip«n sxfn- -apå Hcp apj-sa- nepw ImWtW Din-cpÅ Hcp Ne-\-sa- nepw D m-htw F p Icp-Xn-bmWv Hmtcm h«hpw ark-ime ImWm³ t]mhp-i. F nepw AtX aµn InS- p-iä, Fhn-tS-bv p-aãm Nne Ipdp-Inb \S- -IÄ, an -hmdpw \ne Nne Cg- n-ep-iä, Dbcw Ipdª ]d- - Ä, ]g w h hoà p-iä, N t\m«- Ä, I v Xncn- p-t]m-cpw. C -h-w-bmwv {i²n- Xv : ark-im-e-bnâ aäp-nn-eàiq-sn-bp v; Ahn-Ss cpn-ì-dnâ CÃm- -h. sim¼nâ\n pw sim¼n-tebv p IpXn- p A m³, BIm-i-t mfw snãp Im, ]ms«-dn-ªp-t]mipw IpbnÂ, Dub-em-Sp ] n-e- m-¼p-iä. AhÀ Iq«nse knwl- n\pw I¼n-th-en-bv -Is Infn-IÄ pw ]mtw H v þ kzmx{ yw F p tkmzm-l-cww msk-sp- p- Xv I p-\n- p. Cu Ihn-X-bnÂ F n-s\- p-dn- mwv ]d-bp- Xv? Cu Ihn-X-bn-eqsS kzmx-{ y-s - p-dn v \n Ä p In«nb ]pxnb Adnsh- mwv? bymà kzmx{ yw F mwv? NÀ -bnâ FÃm Ip«n-Ifpw ]s -Sp- p- p-sh v Dd p hcp- -Ww. hkvxp-xm-]-c-ambn icn-b-ãm ]cmaài- -sfm-gnsi asäm-c-`n-{]m-bhpw Xncp-t - -Xn-Ã. 12

Ipam-c-\m-imsâ sim p-in-fn, _mem-a-wn-b-½-bpss hn«-b- pi F o Ihn-X-I-fpsS hmb-\iqsn XpSÀ v \S- -Ww. Cu c p Ihn-X-I-sfbpw Xmc-ayw-sNbvXv Ip«n-IÄ hyàn-k-x-ambn Ipdn- p-iä X mdm- p- p. (F-gp-Xm³ _p²n-ap-«p-å-hsc {]txyiw ]cn-k-wn- -Ww) s]mxp-hm-b-\-bn-eqss kz w Ipdn v sa -s -Sp n ssisb-gp- p-am-kn-im-ti-j-c- n-te-bv v. sim p-infn Ipam-c-\m-im³ hn«-b-bv pi _mem-a-wn-b½ snmãp-si p sndp-]- n, \o Ifnþ pã-kn- -Xn-Xp-t]m-se-sb-s mgpw? AÃÂ \ob-dn-bp-in-ã-tbm, \n\þ nãtbm ]d-si-gp- p-]-ånbpw? sim p-im-j-i-fn-em-ªn-cn- Xpw ]n n-b- -]Sn ]msn-sp- Xpw CÑ-t]m-ep-bsc \o ]d- Xpw sa,-an- n-h-sb-\n p IqSptam? Imep-bÀ n-b-bn, Imän-em-Sp-aqþ ªmenÂ tahn ck-ta-ep-sa{x Rm³! \oe-hn hgn ]d-s gpw kpjw teme-sa- n-xnâ \n\-s m-xp- ptam? Nn{X-an- p, ]pg, Ip n-hä sxþ Ã -se n Infn, \o IS- Xpw F n h³ap-x-e-ta-ep-am-\-x³ akvx-i- -ep-an-cp- n-sp- Xpw! tnwn-b Nnd-ImÀs m-tcm-a-\þ {]mwn, \n³ XS-h-I eoe-iä ImWp-InÂs mxn hcpw þ ]Tn- p-hm³ t]mwp þ sim p-in-fn-bm-b-xnã Rm³! hn«-b- pi Iq«nÂ\n-s -s, Rmþ s\m«p hm\nâ -d- p-\-s- t«! kp{]-`m-x-a-sp p \`-Ên-teþ bv pâ -Xn- p p amai hà - mà. sim p-]- nbmw Rmt\m Xa-ÊnÂ mþ \Ñ-am-an- p-eàsh-fn- - n-epw. ]RvP-c- nsâ Npä-gn-tbm-tcm- pþ sas t\m n- n-cn- -Xm-bvt m- p- p. aà yàx³ ]cn-em-f-\-sam- p-saþ pä -S- n\p im nsb \ÂIn-Sm. hn«-b- m-ep-sa-s -bn- q-«nâ \nþ s m«p ]mdn- -d- s«hm\nâ Rm³. Im a-xp- Xm sxã-i-e- n-se³ P -`q-anbmw Im\\w taml\w: Xma-c-a-eÀss -bmâ -Sm-I- Ä t{]a-tam-ss-s -b p hnfn- p p; ]pâ -fn-cp-iä ]q p-inâ s\ p- p, ]pjv]-cm-pn-iä ]p n-cn-s m-åp q; B ek-zz-\- n p aosx-sbmcp \oe-ta-em p si«nb hm\nsw Im p-\n-ev p p kkvt\-l-am-sbs apà²\n apiàt m-a-\n- o-sp-hm³. hn«-b-bv pi Iq«nÂ\n-s -s, Rmþ s\m«p ]mdn- -d- s«ho pta! kzmx-{ y-zn\- -Xn v kviqfnsebpw \m«nsebpw BZy-Ime kzmx{ yzn\m-tlm-j-]-cn-]m-sn-i-sf- p-dn v \m«nse apxnà hyàn-i-fnâ Ht m ct m t]cp-am-bpå A`n-apJw \S n X m-dm- p dnt mà«mis«cs m-ãs kzmx-{ y-zn-\- -Xn- nsâ {][m\ khn-ti-j-x. Hmtcm mknepw C cw A`n-ap-J- Ä \Ã Bkq-{X-W-t mss \S- -Ww. aqt m \mtem ]Xn-äm p ap¼s BtLm-j- -fpss A\p-`-h-ap-Å-h-sc-bmWv A`n-ap-J- n\v Wn-t - -Xv. BZy kzmx-{ y-zn-\-s - p-dn p ]d-ªp-x-cm³ Ign-hp-Å-hÀ þ F ]Xp hb-sê- nepw {]mb-ap-å-hà þ A`n-ap-J- n-s\- n-bmâ IqSp-XÂ \ m-bn. Cu A`n-ap-J-dn-t mà«v, Ip«n-I-fpsS cn-\-iä, tij-c-w- Ä, Nn{X- Ä, kzmx-{ y-k-a-c-s - p-dn- på Ipdn- p-iä F n-h-sbãmw tnà v mknâ Hcp kzmx-{ y-zn-\- -Xn v X m-dm- -Ww. ]Xn- n\v DNn-X-amb t]cp \ÂI-Ww. Hmtcm Ip«n-bp-sSbpw Hcp cn-\-sb- nepw D v F v Dd- p-h-cp- -Ww. Fgp- v, hc, tamsn-]n-sn- n- Â, Xp n-t À Â, ]pdw-n-«ch-sbãmw Ip«n-I-fpsS kwl- Ä sn -s«. ]Xn- p-i-fpss kviqäxe {]Im-i-\w \S- -Ww. IrXy-amb hne-bn-cp- Â am\-zwvu- fpss ASn-Øm-\- nâ ani ]Xn- p-iä Is - phm³ Ip«n-IfpsS kwls Npa-X-e-s -Sp- mw. 13

Nn w 1 (B-KÌv 17) þ IÀj-I-Zn\w Nn - n v IÀj-I-cpsS PohnXw {]ta-b-amb IY-I-fpsS hmb-\. XI-gn-bpsS Irjn- m-c³, s]m³ip w hà n-bpss i_vzn- p Ie \m«nse Irjn- m-sc- ]cn-n-b-s -Sp- p Ipdn- p-iä X m-dm- Â. Hmtcm mknepapå Ip«n-I-fpsS c n-xm- -fnâ Irjn mcm-b-hsc ]cn-n-b-s -Sp- p sndp tej-\- tfm Ipdn- p-itfm X m-dm- -Ww. 3þ4 t]cpå {Kq p-iä Bbn Cu {]hà \w sn mw. amxr-i-bv mbn ]{X- -fnepw ImÀjn-I-am-kn-I-I-fnepw {]kn-²o-i-cn Nne tej-\- Ä {Kq nâ hmbn- m³ \ÂI-Ww. Irjn-bp-ambn _Ô-s «]Z- Ä, {]tbm-k- Ä, \m«-dn-hp-iä, ]g-s m-ãp-iä, ssien-iä, IS- -Y- IÄ F n-h-bpss tij-c-ww aq p aq v, apj- mdp I v, \m p \mev, \S-Imep ] v F IS- YbpsS D cw Is - m-\m-h-iys -«p-sim v Cu tij-c-w-{]-hà -\- n\v XpS- -an-smw. (Imf-Isf D]-tbm-Kn v \ne-ap-gp IÀj-I³ þ Dg-hp-Im-c-sâbpw c p Imf-I-fp-sSbpw IqSn aq p aq pw Bdp I pw; aq p-t]-cp-ssbpw \m n-t\m-sp- IqSn Ie- -bpss \m p IqSn tncp-t¼mä \mep \m m-bn. Imf-I-fp-sSbpw Dg-hp-Im-c-sâbpw BsI Imep- IÄ ] v) \new Dgp IÀj-I-s\bpw Imf-I-sfbpw Ie- -sbbpw ka-`m-h-\-tbmss ImWp p F khn-ti-j-x- IqSn Ip«n-I-fpsS {i²-bnâ sim p-h-c-ww. Hmtcm Ip«nbpw Cu tij-c-w- nâ ] m-fn-bm-i-ww. ho«nsebpw AbÂ]- -s bpw apxnà -h-tcmsp tnmzn- -dn-ªmwv hnh-c-ti-j-cww \S-t - -Xv. mknâ s]mxp-hmb hmb-\bpw/ah-x-c-whpw thww. C\w Xncn v FgpXn amkn-im-ti-j-c- n-te-bv v. Irjn-bp-ambn _Ô-s «\ms³]m-«p-i-fpss tij-c-whpw Bem-]-\-hpw mknâ Irjn- m-«p-i-fpss Häbv pw Iq«m-bp-apÅ Bem-]\w k]vxw-_à 1 þ HmWhpw henb s]cp- mfpw (_-{Io-Zv) ]q fw Ip«n-I-fpsS HmWw þ hmb-\m-{]-hà \w Ip«n-I-sf- nb Ipän- m-«nâ s]m«n-hn-sà q s]mt mww Ihn Hf -a- -bpss Cu hcn-iä Ip«n-Isf ]cn-n-b-s -Sp- p- p. Cu hcn-i-fpss Bibw aqt m \mtem hmiy- -fn-eqss hni-zo-i-cn- m³ Ip«n-I-tfmSv Bh-iy-s -Sp- p. hyàn-k-x-ambn Fgp-Xp- p. s]mxp hmb-\bpw NÀ -bpw. Ip«n-I-fmWv BtLm-j- -fpss ti{µ-_n-µp. Pohn-Xs F pw BtLmjw \nd-ª-xm- m³ Ip«n-I-Ä v Ign-bp- p. GXp Ipän- m-«nepw s]mt m-w-sa- n- m³ Ign-hp-Å-h-cmWv Ip«n-IÄ. HmkvImÀ sshâunsâ kzmà n-bmb cm -k³ F IY ChnsS ]cn-n-b-s -Sp- mw. B IY Ip«n-I-fn-sem-cmÄ Dds hmbn- p- Xv \ m-bn-cn- pw. (IY A\p-_-Ô- nâ simsp- n-«p- v). ChnsS s]mt mww F ]Zw HmW- n-\p-am- {X-a-Ã, GXv BtLm-j- n\pw tncpw. HmWw ]q Ä v {]m[m-\y-apå BtLm-j-am-b-Xn-\mÂ Ihn-Xbv v {]txy-i-`wkn D m-ip- p-sh p am{xw. Ihn-X-bpsS Zriym-hn-jvImcw A n- - nsâ ]q Ä hnfn- p p F IhnX, Ip«n-Isf 4 {Kq p-i-fmbn Xncn v hmb-\bv p \ÂIp- p. 14

]q Ä hnfn- p p A n w kam-lmcw : A n w Ihn-X-IÄ k¼qà w (]q Ä \r w shbv p p) ap«n-bn-te-dn-bn-cn- p q \Spþ apä-s - nb amthen; Ip«n-I-sf- n- p-w-cm q? ]qþ h«n Igp- n-ep-s- m q? \½psS Ip -e-\m-«n- -c-n³ \Sp-ap-ä p hkn- p-t¼mä ]mbnâ Npcp- p-in-s- m-ep- n-iä ]m]n-i-fm-bn-t m-a-tãm. H«pw Xma-k-a-cp-tX, a tf, h«n Igp- n-e-wn-ªm-epw. ]«n-xä Xn n hnsàs mco R sfþ sbm«p p \pån-sb-sp- mepw! ] -]n-sn-s mcp ae-bm-f- n³ ]cn-a-f-an-gpipw IcÄt]mse HmW- - ³ NqSs«R -fnþ temtcm-t]-scbpw aqà²m-hnâ! ai³ : apf-hn-ãp-i-fpss \mzw-t]m-semcp hnfn Rm³ tiä p- p, AIte \n n- m-xn-c-t\-c-þ- mcp hnfn- p q? At½, Bcp hnfn- p q? A½ : hosp-i-sfm- p-ap-wà n-«n,sãmcpþ hnfnbpw tiä o-em, ]mxn-cm-t m-gniä Iqhn-bn-cn- mþ tatxm ams- nâ, Ip þ t txm ams- nâ. ai³ : I p-]n-sn q Rm\m-È_vZw Imcyw shfn-hm-bo. Im«nse ae-cp-i-ftãm R sf \o«n-hn-fn- p- q, IWvTw \o«n hnfn- p- q. A½ : ]q Ä hnfn- p- pt m? Rm\Xp tiä p- n-ã-tãm. Ip«o, \n³{]n-b-am-xm-hn³ snhn s]m«n-bn-cn- p-t m, Xoscþ s m«n-bn-cn- pt m? ai³ : aqew ]pe-cm³im-e- m-fp-iä ap n-en-cp- mtem? 15

hcp-hn³ hcp-hn³ ]qh-«n-i-tf, hb-dp-iä hoà n- n³, \n ss hb-dp-iä hoà n- n³. sh«w howo-se-t mà n\n Rm³ shdp-sx-bn-cn- nã; Hä- m-«w-sim p ]Sn- p-c-þ ap-ä-s pw Rm³, At½, apä-s pw Rm³. HmW- m-«p-iä ]msn-bp-wà n-sp-þtamtcm hospw Rm³; Iq«m-fn-I-tfm-sSm w ]ns Im«nÂ -bdpw Rm³, At½, Im«nÂ -bdpw Rm³. A -c-saãmw Xncn-bp- p-s m,cp e w ]qhpt \o«n-hn-fn q Im«n,-se-\n- n\n \nâ m-\m-hn-ã, At½, \nâ m-\m-hnã! (I-gp- nâ ]qh-«n-iä Xq nb Ip«n-IÄ BÀ p-hn-fn p IS- p-h-cp- p) A½ : Bcmtcm \n -sf-sbm-s -bn- m-xn-cþ t\c p h p hnfn- p-wà o? Ip«n-IÄ : Im«n-se- q- Ä hnfn pw hnfn-i-sfþ t «m-cp-d- - nâ R -ft½! A½ : Im«n-se- q- Ä hnfn pw hnfn-i-sfþ t «pthm \n ÄX- -½-amcpw? Ip«n-IÄ : R ÄX³ ImWmb sszh- Ä \n Ä p R -tfmfw snhn-tbmà½-bntã? A½ : ]n m-bn-cp Zn\- -fnâ ]q ÄX³ sim eo R fpw ti«n-cp p R -fn-e p ]peas m-c-ên-²ntb \n Ä p R Ä ]IÀ p-x p! Bh-iy-amb kabw FSp v Cu IhnX Hmtcm {Kq pw \r -\m-s-i-cq-]- nâ Ah-X-cn- n- -s«. \ms- I nsâ ]qà Xbv m-h-iy-amb amä- Ä AhÀ v Is - mw. Ah-X-c-W- n\p tijw s]mxp NÀ thww. Hf- -a- -bpss hcn-iä Cu \ms-i-hp-ambn _Ô-s - Sp m³ Ign-bptam? cn-\-i-fn-eqss ]d-bp- Xv A\p-_-Ôw 4 Bbn simsp cn-\-i-fpss hmb-\. F -s\-bmwv Fgp- p-imà X Ä v ]d-bm-\på Hcp Imcys Hcp s]mxp-hn-jbw sxc-sª-sp v (C-hnsS HmWw) AXn-eqsS Bhn-jvI-cn- p- sx v Xncn- -dn-bm-\på Ah-k-c-am-bmWv Cu cn-\-i-ä {Kq pi-fnâ hmbn v NÀ snt - -Xv. HmW- n-w w F IhnX ] -s bpw C -s bpw HmWm-tLm-j- fpss amäw F s\ Ah-X-cn- n- n-cn- p p? bymà - nâ HmWm-tLm-j- nsâ amäw am{x-amtwm Ihn kpnn- n- p- Xv? 16

HmW- n-w w Hme- p-sbpw saxn-b-snbpw tase am\- v tal-am,-tbm-w-ambn D o, \n p-½-d-ap-ä v ] s D -bn-sã- n-ep-tam-w-am-bn. Bh-Wn- q-\n-em-hm-cpta ImWm-sXþ bmtcm-a-temsp ]nw- n-\nt m? Hma-t\, H pta ImWp-hm-\n-Ãm temi- n-etãm ]nd- -Xp- o. ]qh«n s\ p-hm³ ap -Èn-bn-ÃtÃm ]qhn-dp- m³ Iq«n-\m-cp-an-Ã. Ip½n-b-Sn- p-hm³, Ip¼n«p ]msp-hm³ Ip½m-«n-amcpw hcm-sx-bm-bo. C.-Pn-\³ ]mw-\mà ] s ]m«p ad- p-t]m-bv, ]mss simbv p-]m-«mà p-thww? ]qap-j- mcpw hncp- p-h-cm-sx-bmbv ]p n-cn- m-\mà p t\c-an v? HmW- -fn-iä apdn- -I- m-bv, Zqcþ ZÀi\w am{xw, a\p-jy-scm- mbv! A - -f-am-bp-w-cp kqcy-t\m-sþ SkvX-an- o-s-cp-sx p snmãm³ Xp¼-IÄ ]q n-ã, ap pän ]q n-ã, Xp¼n h oe Xpbn-ep-WÀ m³. Bcpw hnfn- msx, bmd p tiä m-sxþ bmtcm-sp-tam-xm-sx-tbm-w-sa- o. Hme- p-sbpw saxn-b-snbpw tate am\ p tal-tam, am_-entbm? kam-lmcw : ] - p-xn-c-bpss ]m«v HmW- m-«p-i-fpss Bem-]\w HmW- m-«p-i-fp-ssbpw HmW- -hn-x-i-fp-ssbpw hyàn-k-xþ-kwl Bem-]-\- Ä. apéow BtLm-j- -fpss `mk-ambn ]msp Km\- fpw CsXm- n v tnà -Ww. Km\- Ä Is n tij-cn- p-sim- p-h-cp Npa-Xe Ip«n-IÄ p-xs \ÂI-Ww. HmWw-þ-s]-cp- mä -hn-`-h- Ä þ ]mn-i- p-dn v X m-dm- Â Hmtcm Ip«nbpw ho«nâ apxnà -h-tcmsp tnmzn v Hcp HmW-hn-`-h- nsâtbm s]cp- mä hn`-h- nsâtbm ]mn-i- p-dn v X m-dm- p- p. BhÀ \w Hgn-hm n 4þ5 t]cpå {Kq p-iä v Cu Ipdn- p-iä Hcp NpaÀ]{Xambn amämw. (Cu hn`-h- Ä Ip«n-I-ÄXs X m-dm- n Ip«n-I-fpsS HmWwþ-s]-cp- mä-êzy \S- m³ kviqäx-e- nâ Hcp {iaw BImw.) Hmtcm Ip«nbpw kz -ambn X m-dm- nb ]mn-i- p-dn v amkn-im-ti-j-c- n-te-bv v. k]vxw-_à 5 þ A[ym-]-I-Zn\w Fsâ So À {]nb-s «So À v Hcp I v Hmtcm Ip«nbpw Ah-cpsS Gähpw {]nb-s «A[ym-]n-Ibv v / A[ym-]-I\v Hcp Is -gp-xp- p. ]pkvx-i- nâ Fgp-Xnb I v ho pw hmbn v sa -s -Sp n `wkn-bmbn Hcp t]mìv ImÀUntem C³e³Untem FgpXn So -dpss ho«p-taâhn-emkw I p-]n-sn v t]mìv sn -Ww. t\cn«v \ÂIp-Ibpw Bhmw. km -ev]ni I -Ã, bymà I mwv th -Xv. Is -gp-xm³ Hmtcm Ip«n pw {]tnm-z\-am-ip- -hn-[- nâ Hcp NÀ mknâ \S- -Ww. Ip«n Is -gp-xp- Xv Ct mä ]Tn- p kviqfnse So À m-i-w-sa- nã. Ah-cpsS hnemkw Is - p-hm³ mkv So -dp-sstbm aä-[ym-]-i-cp-sstbm klmbw th n-h-cpw. I v BIÀj-I-am- m\pw taâhn-em-k- mà v In«n F p-d- p-h-cp- m\pw So -dpss taât\m«w thww. 17

Ip«n-IÄ p e`n- p adp-]-sn-iä mknâ s]mxp-hmbn hmbn- p- Xv \Ã-Xm-Wv. F mâ Ip«n Fgp- Xp I nsâ s]mxp-hm-b\ Hgn-hm- -Ww. I nsâ DÅ-S w ]IÀ n amkn-im-ti-j-c- n-te-bv v. adp-]sn In«n-bmÂ AXpw ]IÀ n amkn-ibnâ tnà mw. k]vxw-_à 21 þ {io\m-cm-b-w-kpcp kam-[n-zn\w Kpcp-kva-cW Kpcpþhmb-\m-{]-hÀ \w ] - n-fn p ]n mse ]mª s] Ip«n lmbv, ] - n-fn s] Ip«n kjn-am-sc- qsn hnfn- p-sim- p-h- p. Zm... t\m v.. A m-c- - \pw Hcp ]q p-¼n-bpw. AhÄ hncâ Nq n- -d-ªp. F\n v ] - n-fnsb ]nsn- -Ww... AhÄ AXnsâ ]n mse HmSn. Hcp ac-s m-¼nâ\n pw asäm- n-tebv v Infn ]d- p. IqsS HmSn-t\m- n. FhnsS In«m³? Igp v Bhp- {X DbÀ n ] - n-fnsb t\m n. AXns\ I nâ In«n-sb- nâ F p tamln v AhÄ \n p. Xsâ ]nxm-hn-t\m-ssm w inh-kncn B{ia nse- n-b-xm-bn-cp p AhÄ. Ip n³sn-cn-hn-eqss IpXn- p-nm- Sp shå- m- n-enâ\n v Hmhp-sh- p-\o«n Ipfn- m³ kui-cy-ap- m- n-bn-cp- Xpw AhÄ v kt mjw simsp Imcy-am-bn-cp- p. amhn³x-dbpw sim pipsn-ep-ifpw ] - pãpw Ipän- m-sp-ifpw B B{i-as at\m-l-c-am- n-bn-cp- p. AÑ³ h Xv B ap -Ès\ ImWm-\m-Wv. km[m-cw thjw [cn v km[m-c-w- m-c-\mb ap -È³. AÑs\ I Xpw At±lw Nncn- p. ]Xps ]d-ªp. \Ã Imäv.. \Ã kpjw..! \Ã-bm-fp-IÄ Fhn-sS-s mepw AhnSw \ m-hpw. AÑ³ {]Xn-h-Nn- p. B{i-a- nâ\n p as- bm-{xbv v ka-b-am-b-t mä ap -È³ Ip«nsb ASp- p-hn-fn v Xe-bnÂ XtemSn tnmzn- p. ] - n-fnsb In«ntbm? At m, CsX- s\ Cu ap -È-\-dnªp F ]cn-{`-a-t mss AhÄ ]d-ªp. AXv ]d- p-t]m-bn. IqsS ]d- m³ ]Tn- -Ww. ap -È³ ]d-ªp. AXn\v F\n v Nnd-Ip-I-fn-ÃtÃm F mbn s] Ip-«n. At±lw Ip«n-bpsS I p-i-fnâ kvt\lmà{z-ambn t\m n ]d-ªp. Nnd-Ip- m-i-ww.. AXmWv ansp- v. B s] Ip«n A v Nn n p: a\p-jyà v Nnd-Ip-I-fp- m-iptam? Cu ap -È\v H p-a-dn-bntã? ]n osv Pohn-X-k-Xy- Ä DÅnÂ hncnªp sxfn-ª-t mä AhÄ a\-ên-em n: Bßm-hnsâ Nnd-Ip-IÄ hoin-bmwv a\p-jyà k mcw \S- p- -Xv. ]t, F{X IqsS ]d- mepw ]nsn- m³ ]äm- -h w ] - nfn ASp ac-s m-¼nâ -s.. ]pxnb Nnd-Ip-IÄ apf- p-sim-t -bn-cn- -Ww. \ mbn hcww F v BioÀh-Zn- -t mä ap -Ès\ B s] Ip«n Adn-bmsX sxmgp-xp-t]m-bn. {io\m-cm-b-w-kp-cp-hm-bn-cp p B ap -È³. B s] Ip«n efn-xmw-_ni A ÀÖ-\-hpw. (bpdo- -bnâ efn-xmw-_ni A ÀÖ-\-s pdn v X\q-P.-F-kv.-`-«-Xncn Fgp-Xnb tej-\- nâ\n v) F p ktµ-i-amwv Cu kw`-h- n-eqss {io\m-cm-bw Kpcp- \ap v ]I-cp- Xv? XpSÀ v {io\m-cm-b-w-kp-cp-hnsâ Pohn-X- nse Nne kw`-h- -sf- p-dn- på Ipdn- p-iä Ip«n-IÄ 2þ3 t]cpå kwl- -fmbn hmbn- p- p. (Ip-dn- p-iä : A\p-_-Ôw 6). Kpcp-hnsâ {]Xn-I-c-Ww, AXn-e-S- nb ktµiw F nh Is n Hcp -hm-b-\- p-dn v {Kq nâ X m-dm- -Ww. Cu hmb-\- p-dn- p-iä amkn-i-bn-te-bv v tnà mw. Cu Ime-L-«- nâ Gsd {]k-à-amb Kpcp-tZ-h-hn-fw-_cw \ap v PmXn-bnÃ kviqä Akw-»n-bnÂ hmbn v AXnsâ {]m[m\yw hni-zn-i-cn- mw. Kpcp-tZ-h-k-tµ-i- Ä AS- nb t]mì-dp-i-fpss \nà½m-whpw Ah s]mxp CS- -fnâ ]Xn- -epw. (Kp-cp-k-am-[n-Zn\w Ah-[n-Zn-h-k-am-Wv. A v kmln-xy-th-zn-bpss {]txy-i-tbmkw tnàt m, DNn-X-amb asämcp Znhkw Is - ntbm {]hà -\- Ä \S- -Ww. KmÔn-P-b- n-bp-ambn _Ô-s «{]hà -\- Ä pw Cu coxn A\p-hÀ n- p-i.) 18

HIvtSm-_À 2 þ KmÔn-P-b n _m p-kvarxn kpk-x-ip-am-cn-bpss cmp-l-«- nâ F Ihn-X-bpsS Bem-]-\w, hmb-\, Bkzm-Z\w cmp-l-«- nâ hna-em-`-bmà n pw im -bm-sbm-gp-ip bap-t\, \ns - -s ³ I p-iä \nd-bp- q. IcÄ t\mhp- p, Icw Iq¼p p, hnip²w \n³ Ic-bnÂ -XnÀ hoipw IÂ -d-bnxp Im si. Adnhq, I oà Nn n- m-wp-inâ s]mdp- m-s mþ cen-hn³ \nd-xn- -f-kvx-an-s mco a nâ, ASn-a- - n³ \ngâ m-sp-iät]mepw ]dþ Iepw awn-zo]w lm, s]men-sªmco a nâ, `oxnbpw ZuÀ_-eyhpw kln- m-s m-cm [o-cþ tnx-\-sb-t -bv p-ambv howp-d- pao a nâ H p-ho-wp-d- -s\- -c-bm³ t]mepw tzh, R -fn- -\Àl-cm-sW Zo\amw kxyw. lm, Kptcm, ho pw ho pw \o snmãn- -Tn- n KoXn-IÄ ]ms³ R -f-s mtg ad tãm! B hnd-b-dn-bm ssihn-câ Nq n- m«pw `qhntes m-\n pw Ign-häh-ctÃm! B hr²-]m-z- -fmâ \S, IÃpw apåpw Xmhn\ hgn Xm m³ asn- p- -h-ctãm! F nepw hnaq-ibmw bap-t\, \ns - m siþ sb nt\m angn-i-fnâ NpSp-\oÀ \nd-bp- q. ]n -hbv p-hm-\mzyw R -sf- -Tn- n-t mþ cñamw hmõ-ey- n mà{zamw -kva-c-w-iä, ASn-a-t m-dn³ cpnn \pwªp ab- n-tbmàþ ps-hm-fq-cn- hocy- n³ kvac-w-iä, Imcn-cp-¼-gn-IÄ p ]n nepw Xf-cm [oc-x-tbm-xn- i_vz- n³ kvac-w-iä. ]ns -tbm, snt m-«-x³ api-fnâ {XnhÀ - Ä an p simsn- q-d-bm-zy-ambv ]d- p-t¼mä, t`cn s]m p-t¼mä,isâ n-c-iäs m w kt½mþ Zmc-h-an-c-¼p-t¼mÄ, shfn w ]c- p-t¼mä, X\ntb, hnzq-c- n-se-cnbpw {Kma- ÄX³ apdn-hnâ Xrss -I-fmearXw Xfn- p-hm³ Iqcn-cp-«n-eq-tStXm Zo]-\m-fw-t]mÂ \o nþ t mipam Zp:JmÀ{Zamw kvt\l- n³ kvac-w-iä. ]ns bpw kpzoàlamw ssii-fm-e-\- -ambv R -sf- -gp-ip Kpcp-hn³ hncn-am-dnâ lm, IrX-Lv\cmw R -sf-cnbpw Xobp- -bmâ hoc-ap-{z-sb-t À kôy-x³ kvac-w-iä. aqibmw bap-\-x³ Imän-eq-S-e-bn-eqþ SmcpsS i_vzw cma-\m-as a{ n- p q? BcpsS Ic- tfm Xnf- n- p-fp-¼pao thz-\-bpss I oà p-ån-iä XpS-bv p q? H p hogt«r fo a nâ þ Xh ]mzþ sat mà p XWp-s m-co- -d-bnâ Npw_n- t«; H p tig-t«r -fn- y-x³ IS- m-sn³ I p-\oà am{xw, Kptcm! ImgvN-bm-bÀ n- -t«. ]mxn-cm- q- ÄþkpK-X-Ip-amcn Fsâ Kpcp-\m-Y³ (hå-t mä)-, lcn-p-\- -fpss ]m«v (ssh-tem- n-ån), KmÔn (hn.-a-[p-kq-z-\³\mbà) XpS- nb KmÔnIhn-X-I-fpsS Bem-]-\w Cu Ihn-Xm-hm-b-\-sb- p-sà v \S- mw. Nn{X-c-N\ : KmÔn-Pn-bpsS cq]w hc-bv m³ Ah-kcw \ÂImw. 19

\hw-_à 1 þ tic-f- n-dhn Zn\w (t{i-jvt-`m-jm-zn-\w) ]nd- mä a[pcw Fsâ {Kmaw tic-f- n-d-hn-bpss Adp-]- n-sbm mw ]nd- mä BtLm-j- -fpss `mk-ambn hnzym-cwkw Iem-km-ln-Xy-thZn kmaq-ly-imkv{x ºnsâ ] m-fn- -t mss Hcp henb t{]mpiväv Gsä-Sp- p- p. kz w hnzym-ebw ØnXn-sN- p {Kma- nsâ khn-ti-j-x-iä FÃmw Is n ]cn-n-b-s -Sp- p Fsâ {Kmaw F Hcp ]Xn- nsâ cq]o-i-c-w-amwv Cu t{]mp-iväv. \hw-_à 1 \v Hmtcm mknepw hnh-c-i-j-c-w-{]-hà -\- -tfmss Bcw-`n v Hcp amk- m-ew-sim v kviqäx-e- nâ Fsâ {Kmaw ]Xn v {]kn-²o-i-cn- -Ww. tic-f- nse FÃm {Kma-þ-\-Kc {]tz-i- -fpssbpw -k-hn-ti-j-x-iä DÄs m-åp Hcp kwl-c-n\-bmwv Cu {]hà -\- nsâ DXv]- -ambn hnhn[ kviqfp-iä ti{µo-i-cn v X m-dm-hp-i. PnÃ-þ-kw-Øm-\-X-e- -fnâ Cu ]Xn- p-i-fpss {]ZÀi-\w, hne-bn-cp- Â, t{imuo-i-cww F nh XpSÀ{]-hÀ -\- -fmbn \S-t - -Xp- v. \hw-_à 1 \v Hmtcm mkn-sebpw Ip«n-Isf sndp {Kq p-i-fmbn Xncn v hnhn[ hnj-b-ta-j-e-i-fnâ hnh-cti-j-cww \S- m³ Hcp- -Ww. Ncn-{Xw, `q{]-ir-xn, P\-hm-kw, Irjn, ` -Whn`-h- fpw -co-xn-ifpw, sxmgn-ep-iä, Øm]-\- Ä, Ie- IÄ, BtLm-j- Ä, BNm-cm-\p-jvTm-\- Ä, hmsam-gn-bpss khn-ti-j-x-iä, \m«-dn-hp-iä Ch-sbÃmw hnh-c-ti-j-c-w- nâ DÄs -Sp- -Ww. apxnà -h-tcm-spå A`n-ap-Jw, Krl-k-µÀi-\w, ^oâuv {Sn p-iä, Øm]-\-k-µÀi-\- Ä, tcj-iä ]cntim-[n v hnh-c-ti-j-c-ww, Ncn-{X-]p-kvX-I- -fnâ\n v hnh-c- Ä Is - Â, CâÀs\-änÂ\n v hnh-cti-j-cww XpS n \nc-h[n km[y-x-iä D v. ChbnÂ GsXÃmw D]-tbm-Kn- -W-sa pw F -s\- sbãmw hnh-c-ti-j-cww \S- -W-sa pw kmln-xy-th-zn, kmaq-ly-imkv{x ºv F n-h-bpss kviqäxe kan-xn-iä kwbp-à-ambn Btem-Nn v cq]w \ÂI-Ww. ]n.-sn.-f.-bp-ssbpw kviqä hni-k-\-k-an-xn, ]qàæ-hn-zymà n kwl-s\ F n-h-bp-ssbpw klmbw txs- Ww. Hmtcm {Kq pw tij-cn v Fgp-Xn-sb-Sp- p hnh-c- Ä Fgp- nsâ `mjm-]-c-amb anihpw Bi-b-]-c-amb IrXy-Xbpw Dd- p-h-cp n mkv ]Xn v kam-l-c-ww mkv So -dpss t\xr-xz- nâ \S- -Ww. {]k-à-amb t^mt«m-iä samss_â hgntbm Iymad D]-tbm-Knt m FSp- p- -Xn\v kviqäx-e- nâ Ip«n-I-fpsS Hcp kwlw cq]o-i-cn- mw. ]qàæ-hn-zymà n-i-sfbpw CXn\v D]-tbm-Kn- -Ww. A[ym-]-Icpw Ip«n-Ifpw c n-xm- fpw DÄs -Sp Hcp kanxn mkvxe ]Xn- p-iä t{imuo-i-cn v Fsâ {Kmaw kviqä ]Xn- n\v cq]w \ÂI-Ww. c mw tsw ]co- -bv p-ap-¼mbn Fsâ {Kmaw kviqä ]Xn v {]Im-i-\w. mkvxe ]Xn- p-i-fpss {]ZÀi-\hpw ani {]hà \w \S- nb GXm\pw Ip«n-I-fpsS A\p-`-h-hn-h-c-Whpw DÄs -Sp- mw. Hmtcm Ip«nbpw GsX- n-ep-samcp hnh-c-ti-j-c-w-{]-hà -\- nâ ]s -Sp- p- p-sh pw mkv-]-xn- nâ B mknse FÃm-h-cp-sSbpw ] m-fn w D m-ip- p-sh pw Dd- p-h-cp- -Ww. tic-fw, ae-bmfw þ Ihn-Xm-em-]\w tic-fw, ae-bm-f-`mj F n-h-sb-êw-_-ôn Ihn-I-fpsS Bem-]\w (am-xr-h-µ\w þ hå-t mä, ca-w- \nse ae-c-wn- m-sp-iä, Fsâ `mj þ hå-t mä XpS- nb Ihn-X-IÄ kviqfnse e`y-x-bv -\p-kcn v D]-tbm-Kn- p-i. \hw-_à 14 þ inip-zn\w ]\n-\oà q Ph-lÀemÂ s\lvdp-hnsâ Hc-Ñ³ aiä -b I p-iä F ]pkvx-i- nse hnhn[ A[ym-b- Ä þ kwl-hm-b\ Ip«n-IÄ F s]mxp Bibw ti{µo-i-cn v IY, Ihn-X, Km\w, Nn{Xw, \ms-iw, A\p-`-h dn v, bm{xmhn-h-c-ww, I v XpS- nb hnhn[ kà m-ß-i-c-n-\-iä þ mknâ. 20

ani cn-\-iä kviqäx-e- nâ Ah-X-cn- n- Â. Ihn-Xm-em-]-\w, Km\m-em-]-\w, A`n-\-bw, \r m-hnjvimcw F n-h-tbmss inip-zn-\m-tlm-jw. kviqä Kmb-I-kw-Lw, kviqä Xntb-äÀ {Kq v F n-h-bpss cq]o-i-c-w-{]-jym-]\w inip-zn-\- n\v \S- m³ {ian- -Ww. \hw-_à 20 þ tziob _mem-h-imi Zn\w F\n- v, R Ä v ]Ã-È\ lbà sk âdn kviqfnse {iop cnn ]mt-]p-kvxiw F IhnX mknse {Kq p-i-fnâ hmb- \bv p \ÂIp- p. ]mt-]p-kvxiw F³ ]mt-]p-kv-xiw Rms\-gp-XnSpw Imew I\hp ImWp p Rm³. H mw ]mt- n-se³ \ma, sa³ ]Sw ]mtw c n-e-½-bp-a-ñ\pw aq nâ ap Èn apäs apã-bpw, \menâ amthen \sãm-tcm-w- m-«pw. A n-se³ Infn sim pw, Bdn-se³ Ifn-t m-gà Ggmw ]mt-ambv hcpw agbpw Ifn-h- nbpw ad- mtam ams- sb? ]mds«]mt-sa-«nâ. Xp¼bpw Xp¼n-bp-sam-¼-XnÂ ] n-se³ ]pfn-s\-ãn. ]n s ]mt- -fnâ ]m \pw Ipdn-ªn-bpw. ]pd- «]qt m-gn v adp-`mkw ]qhm-en v apj-sam-gn-sb³ ]p ncn ap -Èn p kaà -Ww. F³ ]mt-]p-kv-xiw Rms\-gp-XnSpw Imew I\hp ImWp p Rm³. {iop. si. 8 _n. hn.-sf.-fw.-f- v.-f-kv. ]Ã-È\ IhnX {Kq mbn snmãm\pw Ihn-X-sb- p-dn v {]Xn-I-cn- m\pw FÃm {Kq p-iä pw Ah-kcw \ÂIp- p. kz w ]mt-]p-kvx-i-s - p-dn v kz]v\w ImWp Ip«nbpsS Nn -IÄ ] n-«p-sim v Ip«n-I-fpsS kz]v\- -sf- p-dn pw Ah-Im-i- -sf- p-dn pw AhÀ v ]d-bm³ Ah-kcw \ÂImw. Ip«n-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i- Ä {]ta-b-am-ip Nne cn-\-i-fpss hmb\ (A-\p-_Ôw 5) kz w kz]v\- sf C s\ Hcp cn-\-bmbn cq]-s -Sp- q. Fsâ kz]v\w kà m-ß-i-c-n\ (I-Y, Ihn- X, Nn{Xw-þ-G-Xp-am-Imw) kz w cn-\-i-fpss s]mxp-ah-x-c-ww, {]Xn-I-c-W- Ä, sa -s -Sp Â þ ]pxp n-sb-gp-xn amknim tij-c- n-tebv v amän-sh-bv p- p. 21

P\p-hcn 1 þ ]pxp-hàj n-dhn ]pxp-hàj- pån \h-h-õ-cm-iwk þ ImÀUv \nà½m-whpw ssiam-depw {InkvXp-aÊv Ah-[n- m-e- n-\p-ti-jw ]pxp-h-õ-cm-tlm-j- Ä v Ip«n-IÄ H p-tn-cp p. ]pxp-h-õc Biwkm ImÀUv \nà½m-w-t mss-bmwv kmln-xy-th-zn-bpss ]pxp-hàj- pån XpS-t - -Xv. mênse FÃm Ip«n-Ifpw Biw-km-ImÀUp \nà½n- -Ww. kvsi v s]³, hm«à IfÀ, {Itbm, 1/8 hen- - nâ (F-þ4sâ ]Ip-Xn) I«n-bpÅ ImÀUv t] À F nh mknâ s]mxp-hmbn Hcp- -Ww. Ip«n- IÄ v Ah-c-h-cpsS If-dnMv kma-{kn-iä D]-tbm-Kn- mw. F nepw Ah kz -am-bn-ãm- -hà v mknâ CjvSm-\p-kmcw e`n- p- p-sh v Dd p hcp- -Ww. ae-bm-f- n-epå Biw-km-hm-Iy- Ä t\c-t -Xs [mcm-f-ambn tij-cn v Ah Hcp NmÀ«n-se-gpXn mknâ {]ZÀin- n- -Ww. Cu {]hà \w Ip«n-IÄXs sn -s«. Bti-km-hm-Iy- Ä Is - m³ Ign-bm- -hà v CXv klm-b-i-am-ipw. ImÀUnsâ Hcp hi v Nn{X- fpw \nd- fpw Biw-km-hm-Iyhp-sa-Ãmw. adp-h-i v FgpXnb Ip«n-bpsS t]cpw mkv Unhn-j-\pw Fgp-Xn-t À mw. Htc mknse Ip«n-IÄ X½ntem c p mknse Ip«n-IÄ X½ntem ImÀUv ssiam-dmw. CXv kviqäx-e- nâ ap³iq«n [mc-w-bp- m n sn p- -XmWv \Ã-Xv. FÃm-hÀ pw Hcp kplr- nsâ ImÀUv ssiamdn- n-«n-sb v Dd p hcp- -Ww. B Ip-«n-IÄ B Ip-«n-IÄ v, s] Ip-«n-IÄ s] Ip-«n-IÄ v F coxn A\p-hÀ n- -cp-xv. FÃm A[ym-]-Icpw XXv]-c-cmb c n-xm- fpw ]qàæ-hn-zymà n-i-fp-saãmw Cu {]-hà -\- nâ ] ptn-cp- Xv AXnsâ s]men-abpw AÀ hpw Iq«pw. ssiam-dn- n-«nb ImÀUp-IÄ DbÀ n- m-«n-, Hcp \h-h-õ-c-km\w Iq«mbn ]msns m- på Hcp kviqä Akw-»n-tbmsS ]pxp-hàjm-tlmjw ]qà -am- mw. ]cn-]m-sn-bpss (-ImÀUv X m-dm- Â, ssiam-dâ, {]Im-i-\w ) Zriym-te-J\w : hnun-tbm-þ-t^mt«m P\p-hcn 24 þ A Àt±-iob _men-im-zn\w tpymxnêv Xo Xn p hà s] Ip«nIÄs Ãmw apä ncosapt m?, Imhy A½tbmSv tnmzn p. IncoS nâ apåpiä Xdbv p Xv PohnXkmlNcyamWv. B Ip«nIÄ p e`n p FÃm Ahkc fpw s] Ip«nIÄ v In«mdpt m?, A½ tnmzn p. caybpss ho«nâ hosphr nbm epw ]miwsn epw IgpIepsams AhÄXs sn Ww. G«t\m A\pPt\m klmbn nã. Imhy ]dªp. Dds ncn mâ Ipäw, acw IbdnbmepasX; Ihn CStÈcn ]dbp Xp t\m q... Imte Ipfn mtem thinbm«w Imes Wo mªmâ IÅ\mSyw t]mimxncp mepa¼e nâ t]mbmepsat mgpw asämcà w. tkm]ni ]dbp A`n{]mb sfm pw AhfpsS ho«pimà {i²n mdnãt{x. tpyjvt\pw A\pP\pw ]dbp Xv IqSpXev ]cnkwn mdpap v..., Imhy ]dªp. B Ip«nIÄ pw ]pcpj mà pw BZyw ` Ww simsp p ho«pimcpap v. FÃmw IgnªmÂ ho«nse s] p Ä v IªnshÅw am{xamwpåsx v _joà ]m p½bpss BSv F t\mhenâ ]dbp p v., A½ ]dªp. B Ip«nIÄ D]tbmKn p {X ssk nfpitfm, tamt«mà ssk nfpitfm s] Ip«nIÄ D]tbmKn m³ k½xn mdnã F pw ]dbmw..., tkm]p ]dªp. 22

AsX, A½ v Xo Xn embn amdp p. aiä v apä ncoshpw. A½ CStÈcnbpsS hcniä snmãn. PohnXw Xo Xn e½bv t m, ]mhw aiäs mcp apä ncosw. IncoSw XoÀ bmbpw AwKoImcw Xs bmwv. F mâ AXn-\p-ÅnÂ apåpiä IqSn Xd phbv p p. XebnÂ hbv p IncoSw A s\ amdm thz\bp m pw... Cu thz\bnãmxm emwv a\pjyxzw., tkm]p ]dªp. XoÀ bmbpw A½ Iq«nt À p. (h-cn-iä n-s-bnâ þ si.-a-t\m-l-c³ þ tic-f-im-kv{x-km-ln-xy-]-cn-j- v) Cu Ipdn v \mtem At m t]c-s- p {Kq p-i-fnâ hmbn v CXnse Bi-b- sf hne-bn-cp n Hcp {]Xn- I-c-W- p-dn v X m-dm n Ah-X-cn- n- -s«. aäp {Kq p-i-fpss Iq«n-t À -ep-iä thww. s] Ip-«n-IÄ am{x-ambn A\p-`-hn- p Ah-K-W-\-IÄ Fs -Ãm-amWv? hyàn-k-x-ambn Fgp-Xp- p. A\p-_Ôw 6 Â DÅ cn-\-i-fpss hmb\ s] Ip«n F Bi-bs ASn-Øm-\-am- n-bpå kà m-ß-i-c-n-\-iä (Ihn-X, IY, Nn{Xw ) s^{_p-hcn 24 þ temi-am-xr-`m-jm-zn\w `mtjm-õhw Hcp Ip«n þ Hcp amkni mkvx-e- nepw kviqäx-e- nepw \S kmln-xy-th-zn- {]hà -\- -fnâ\n v Dcp- n-cnª cn-\- Ifpw tij-c-w- fpw A -t mä FgpXn kam-l-cn- p-sh- n-«p- -tãm. s^{_p-hcn BZy-hm-c- nâ s Cu cn-\-isf amkn-im-cq-]- n-em- m-\på {]hà -\- Ä Bcw-`n- -Ww. Item-Õ-h-þ-km-ln-tXym-Õh cn-\-iä, mkvap-dn-bnâ aäp ]T-\-{]-hÀ -\- -fnse DXv]- - fpw (\n-co- -W- p-dn- p-iä, ^oâuv {Sn v dnt mà«v, Ub-dn- p-dn- p-iä ) amkn-i-bnâ tnà mw. cn-\-iä Fþ4 t] -dnâ \ mbn Fgp-Xn-bXmWv Xp n ]pdwn«tnà v amkn-i-bmbn amtä- -Xv. Nne cn-\-iä ho pw Fgp-tX- -Xmbn hcpw. Ah Is n ho pw Fgp-X-Ww. kui-cy- Ä pw kml-n-cy- Ä p-a-\p-kr-x-ambn Ht m ct m Znhkw amkn-im-\nà½m-w-in-ev]-ime \S-t n hcpw. teþ-hu-«v, IhÀ t]pv X m-dm- Â, Nn{Xo-I-cWw F nh Cu inev]-im-e-bnâ Ip«n- IÄ v ]cn-n-b-s -Sp- -Ww. inev]-im-e-bnâ Ip«n-IÄ v hnz-kv[-cpss klmbw e`n- -Ww. ]pdw-n-«-bv m-h-iy-amb Af-hnÂ apdn ImÀUv t] À, hnhn-[- \n-d- -fn-epå amà À, kvsi vs]³, {Itbm, kqnn, \qâ, Ìm]vfÀ XpS- nb kma-{kn-iä inev]-im-e-bnâ ( m-knâ) e`y-am- -Ww. Hcp Ip«n-bpsS amkn-i-bnâ Npcp- n-bxv ]pdw-n«iqsmsx 20 Fþ4 joäp-iä D m-i-ww. AXm-bXv kz -ambn cn-\-ifpw ti-j-c-w- -fpw Nn{X- -fp-sam-s -bmbn 20 F w D m-i-w-sa- À w. BsI t]pp-i-fpss F w 50Â IqS-cp-Xv. c n-xm- tfm ho«nse aäpå-htcm Fgp-Xnb 1þ2 cn-\-iäiqsn XmXv]-cy-ap-s - nâ DÄs -Sp- mw. FÃm amkn-ibv pw t]cp- m-i-ww. t]cp-iä BhÀ n- m-xn-cn- ³th n s^{_p-h-cn-bnâ BZy BgvN-bnÂ s Ah-c-h-cpsS amkn-i-bpss t]cv mkv So sd Adn-bn- -Ww. AtX t]cv AXn-\p-ap¼v asämcp Ip«n Is - n-bn-«p-s - nâ asäm v Is - m³ c m-axp h Ip«n v Ah-kcw \ÂI-Ww. kviqäx-e- nâ t]cnse BhÀ \w Hgn-hm- pi {]bm-k-i-c-am-ipw. amkn-i-bpss Ah-km-\- nâ Hcp Fþ4 joäv hmb-\- m-cpss A`n-{]m-b- Ä mbn tnà mw. CXv Ip«n- I-fpsS cn-\-iä DÅ t]pn\p ]pd-ta-bm-bn-cn- -Ww. temi amxr-`mjm-zn-\-amb s^{_p-hcn 24- \mwv kviqfnâ FÃm Ip«n-I-fp-sSbpw Hcp-an- på amkn-im-{]- Im-i\w \S-t - -Xv. AXv c n-xm- Ä, P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-IÄ, -hm-b-\-imem {]hà -IÀ, kmln-xy-im-c- mà, ]qàæhn-zymà n-iä, ]qàæm-[ym-]-ià XpS- n-b-h-scãmw ]s -Sp- p ]cn-]m-sn-bm-iww. `mtjm-õ-h- nâ Km\- Ä, Ihn-X-IÄ, \r -in-ev]w, \ms-iw, \ms³]m«v XpS- nb Ah-X-c-W- Ä thww. Pq apxâ \S ]cn-]m-sn-i-fnâ ani Ah-X-c-W- -fmwv DÄs -Sp-t - -Xv. amxr-`m-j-bpss al zw hnfn-t m-xp GXp {]hà -\-hpw Ah-X-c-Whpw `mtjm-õ-h- nsâ `mk-am- mw. 23

hnzym-cwkw kmln-xy-thzn kwøm-\-x-e- nâ \nàt±-in- p Hcp hàjs {]hà -\-]-cn-]m-sn-bpss cq]- tc-j-bmwv CXv. hmb-\sb ti{µo-i-cn- på \nc-h[n {]hà -\- Ä Hmtcm Zn\m-N-c-W- n-sâbpw `mk-ambn D m-i-ww. Ah kviqfnsâ khn-tij kml-n-cy- Ä -\p-kr-x-ambn Bkq-{XWw snbvxp \S- m- -Ww. kmln-xy-th-zn-bpss kviqäx-e-þ-k-an-xn-bmwv CXn\v t\xrxzw simsp-t - -Xv. aäp ºp-I-fpsS kl-icwt mss-bmwv ]cn-]m-sn-iä \S-t - -Xv. kà -thfm ]ncn-b-up-ifpw `mjm-]-t-\-]n-cn-b-up-ifpw D]-tbm-K-s -Sp- n-bpå `mjm-]-t-\-{]-hà -\- ÄXs -bmwv kmln-xy-thzn {]hà -\- Ä. hmb-\-bv på Ipd v cn-\-iä A\p-_-Ô-ambn tnà n-«p- v. kviqä sse{_-dnbpw mkv sse{_-dn-ifpw hmb-\-im-e-i-fp-saãmw ^e-{]-z-ambn {]tbm-p-\-s -Sp n ]c-amh[n hmb-\m-\p-`-h- Ä Ip«n-IÄ p e`n- -Ww. kwøm\ \nàt±-i- Ä -\p-k-cn v BZy tsanâ hnzym-cwkw kàt m-õ-h- Ä v hnhn[ C\- -fnâ ]s -S-t Ip«n-Isf Is - Â \hw-_à amk- nâ Fsâ {Kmaw ]Xn v X m-dm- Â (bp.-]n.-hn-`m-k- nâam-{xw) s^{_p-h-cn-bnâ Hcp Ip«n þ Hcp amkni F n-h-bmwv Cu hàj- nâ \S-t Gähpw {][m\ {]hà -\- Ä. ka-b-_-ôn-x-ambpw Imcy- -aambpw Cu {]hà -\- Ä \S- p- Xn\m-h-iy-amb Bkq-{XWw Pq BZyw-Xs \S- -Ww. Ip«n-Isf hmb-\-bp-ssbpw Fgp- n-sâbpw aäp kà m-ß-i-{]-hà -\- -fp-ssbpw temi-t bv v \bn- p- - Xn-\pÅ Nn«-bmb {]hà -\- fmwv hnzym-cwkw Iem-km-ln-Xy-th-Znsb kmà -I-am- p- p-xv. **************************** 24