Mobile NMR: past, presence, future PBlü P. Blümlerl ICG-3 Phytosphere, Research Center Jülich, Germany
...not this kind of mobile! Supercon on a truck
NMR-MagnetometerM t Earth magnetic field: ca. 30 60 μt NMR for 1 H: 12 1.2 25kH 2.5 khz EPR for e - : 0.8 1.6 MHz
Portable NMR: J. G. Powles, The New Scientist, January 1st, 1959 A portable nuclearfree precession magnetometer built by Mr. P. Mansfield
Two commercial, portable NMR-magnetometers:
A Miniature Magnetometer: G. Boero, P.A. Besse et al. Proc.Eurosensors XI, 1 (1997), 263 single silicon chip low cost CMOS technology) a HF generator, a coil with a sample and a signal detection and processing subsystem. cost reduction high spatial resolution (1 mm 3 ) proposed for CW, pulsed NMR, DNP and EPR
Applications of Magnetometers: Exploration of groundwater, gold mine, minerals, hydrothermal energy, archaeology, treasure hunting sea land air
signa μ V] The NMR Hydroscope O. A. Shushakov, Geophysics 61 (1996) 998 surface coil 100 m principle 3 10-20 m water y al ampli itude [ V 2 1 30-40 m 50-60 m calculated flip-angle dependence 0 0 4 8 12 current pulse [A s]
Oil Well Prospection:
Inside-Out NMR S N "homogeneous" region of B 0 R. L.Kleinberg in: D. M. Grant, R. K. Harris,eds., Encyclopedia of NMR, Wiley, New York, 1996, p. 4960 S 10 cm N half-coaxial antenna
Typical result
Even more extreme...
the sonde Suggested Uses of Inside-Out NMR J. A. Jackson, L. J. Burnett, F. Harmon, J. Magn. Reson. 41 (1980) 411 homogeneous M-field potential applications
NMR on the Factory Floor: Oxford Instruments, Wyndyke Furlong, UK off-line analysis on-line analysis
Foxboro, Massachussetts
PCT: Process Control Technology NMR Analyzers for Research, Process Control, and Quality Control http://www.pctnmr.compctnmr com
Bruker Analytik, Rheinstetten tt INCA: integrated NMR chemical analyzer at-line process control fully enclosed NMR system no special NMR skills needed d ultra-shield magnet 5 Gauss line within enclosure 300 MHz or 400 MHz
Intermagnetics General Corporation Latham, New York MR inspection: packaged goods, spoilage of food moisture in butadiene rubber: 10 kg sample from a production bale, photo and NMR image
Tesla Corp. UK on-line monitoring e.g. of food products field:??t
Quantum Magnetics Process/Quality Control of Food Products Process/Quality Control of Materials
InVision Technologies: Quantum Magnetics explosives/narcotics detection by NQR landmine detection QScan QR 500: can operate QScan QR 160: in with x-ray systems 500 bags per hour
FONAR Field Focussed Nuclear Magnetic Resonance R. Damadian et al., Science 194 (1976) 1430
magnet Stray-Field Imaging: g STRAFI B z 0 magnetic field z G z 0 gradient z A. A. Samoilenko et al., Bruker Report 2 (1987) 30 R. Kimmich i et al., J. Magn. Reson. 91 (1991) 136
Some weird ideas in 1993
The NMR-MOUSEMOUSE TM B 0 B 1
BIG or Small Mice?
Southwest Research, San Antonio, Texas magnetic resonance materials analysis, Dr. Armando De Los Santos Moisture in building materials Fraunhofer Institut für zerstörungsfreie Materialprüfung, Saarbrücken, Germany
MR Resources, Inc. Gardner, MA, 01440, USA email info@mrr.com 15 MHz NMR relaxation spectrometer from IIC. This robust and simple-to-use system is dedicated to the routine measurement of relaxation parameters in industrial samples, especially rubbers and polymers. It should be ideal for QA and QC applications in an industrial environment IIC Innovative Imaging Corp. KG Dr. Winfried Kuhn, Blieskastel, Germany
Bruker Analytik Rheinstetten http://www.bruker.de NMR quality control
Resonance Instruments http://www.resonance.co.uk benchtop NMR stray-field imaging 7 MHz core analyzer digital NMR/MRI console portable NMR: magnet and spectrometer
Single-Sided or Surrounding? G. Dunn, M. Mallett
z Single Sided Double Sided r
Applications:
The NMR-Monkey University of Wageningen, NL Prof. H. van As
Single-Sided Sided Imaging g C. W. Crawley, F. H. Rose, US Patent 5,304,930, Apr. 19, 1994: remotely positioned MRI system
Single-Sided Imaging Dr. R. Krieg, Nürnberg Sergio Pissanetzky, Texas
Dedicated MRI ESAOTE, Italy ARTOSCAN limb imager
MRI: Mouse Refined for Imaging Lateral: Prado & Blümich Depth: Brown & Verganelakis
Rings: The NIMBUS G. Dunn, N. Routley, M. Mallett
Klaus Hallbach 1925-2000
Circular Hallbach Geometries
Magic Ring 4 field: ca 0 75 T field: ca. 0.75 T for FeNdB40
Magic Ring 8 field: ca 0 65 T field: ca. 0.65 T for FeNdB40
Magic Ring 16 field: ca 0 35 T field: ca. 0.35 T for FeNdB40
3D MRI-Version from Magneticasoft webpage
Another Problem: RF Acoustic Ringing Noise Pickup Bandwidth S/N Penetration Depth
Applications Moisture content (free/bound water) Oil content (droplet size distributions) Component analysis (soft matter, models!) Solids/Liquids/Particle /P l size Porous Media (relaxation/diffusion) Reaction analysis (kinetics, components) Isotope distribution ( 1 H, 19 F, 31 P...) EPR? Cryoporometry Imaging In situ In vivo On-line
Necessary Improvements: Magnet design: RF-excitation: New Visions: NMR-MOUSE (general purpose) problem dedicated designs new materials (FeNdB 53 MGOe) Q-switching bandwidth/power stochastic excitation background (inorg. substrates: SiO 2, Al 2 O 3 ) coils (superconducting, arrays?) Remote Detection HP gases smaller, homogeneity, pulse sequences