Amrn-Eursn J. Ar. & Envron. S., 16 (2): 257-261, 2016 ISSN 1818-6769 IDOSI Pultons, 2016 DOI: 10.5829/os.js.2016.16.2.12725 Physo-Chml Proprts o Trnry Blns o Plm M Frton, Vrn Coonut Ol n Cnol Ol Blns A.B. Atr Mzn, M.K. Ayo, A.G. M ru, M. Mohm Yuso n I. Izzrn Shool o Chml Sn n Foo Thnoloy, Fulty o Sn n Thnoloy, Unvrsty Knsn Mlys, 43600 Bn, Slnor, Mlys Astrt: A totl o 14 trnry lns ontnn plm m rton (PMF), vrn oonut ol (VCO) n nol ol (CO) wr prpr n nlyz or physo-hml proprts.. sol t ontnt (SFC), slp mltn pont (SMP), r tty (FFA), on vlu (IV) n tty omposton (FAC). Th rsults show tht th SFC or th trnry lns t 37.5 C wr n th rn o 0.00-2.44%, SMP or ll lns wr 24.8-31.3 C, FFA wr 0.23-1.24%, IV wr n th rn o 33.49-55.99. FAC omprs o 31.4-50.6% plmt, 3.8-5.2% str n 28.5-39.4% ol. Bs on th nlyss, trnry ln o PMF: VCO: CO (90: 5: 5%) th S3 or S10 wth SFC t 25 C o 46.85 C or 46.40 C n SMP o 31.3 C ws nt s losr to oo uttr wth SMP 31.1 C.Hn, th lnoul onsr s potntl oo uttr susttut (CBS). Ky wors: Physohml Proprts Plm M Frton Vrn Coonut Ol Cnol Ol Coo Buttr Susttuts INTRODUCTION (50%), lur, short hn tty (SCFA) suh s pr, pro, pryl n unsturt tty Mlys s on o th mn plm ol xportn s (8%) [2]. Cnol ol (CO) s n mportnt sour o ountrs n th worl, son to Inons. Currntly ookn ol n on o th hlthst l ols vll plm ol s on o th mportnt vtl ols us n th or onsumrs. Cnol ol s unqu mon othr oo nustry. In orr to vrsy n xpn ts vtl ols us o ts low sturt tty pplton n oo n non-oo nustrs, ommonly ontnt (6%) n low n holstrol. Th tty th physo-hml proprts o th ols r mo ontnt o nol ol s onsstnt wth nutrton v thnqus suh s rtonn, mxn, hyronton rommntons m t run th mount o n strton [4]. Amon ths prosss, mxn s sturt t n th t [6]. th hpst thnqu, prt rom ts lty to rtn Sn Mlys s on o th mjor prours o ornl qults o th mx ts/ols suh s lvor, plm ol, t s mprtv tht work to vrsy ts vtmn ontnt n ntoxnt tvty. pplton n oo nustry, splly n proun Plm m rton (PMF) s prout o ol plm vlu- prouts. Amon thos vlu- prou n th son st o rtonton. At room prouts s th CBS s rltvly hpr ltrntv to tmprtur, plm ol xsts n hl lqu phs n lht oo uttr (CB). Thror, th ojtv o ths stuy yllow olor. Usully, PMF s us s strtn mtrl ws to prou CBS rom trnry lns ontnn PMF, to prou muh hpr oo uttr susttut (CBS). VCO n CO. Mjor tryllyrols (TAGs) vll n PMF r 1,3-plmtoyl-2-oloyl-sn-lyrol (POP), 1-plmtoyl-2- MATERIALS AND METHODS oloyl-3stroyl-sn-lyrol (POSt) n 1,3-stroyl-2- oloyl-sn-lyrol (StOSt) [7]. On th othr hn, vrn Mtrls: Th plm m rton (PMF) us n ths oonut ol (VCO) hs mny vnts, nlu s stuy ws suppl y Alm Group Sn. Bh. hlthy untonl oos, s nutrutls, PnlmGrn, Kln; whrs th vrn oonut ol phrmutls n osmoutls. VCO s wly (VCO) n nol ol (CO) ws purhs rom lol known or ts rhnss n mum hn tty (MCFA) suprmrkt. Corrsponn Author: M.K. Ayo, Shool o Chml Sn n Foo Thnoloy, Fulty o Sn n Thnoloy, Unvrsty Knsn Mlys, 43600 Bn, Slnor, Mlys. 257
Am-Eurs. J. Ar. & Envron. S., 16 (2): 257-261, 2016 Tl 1: Th rto o Plm M Frton (PMF),Vrn Coonut Ol (VCO) n Cnol Ol (CO) trmn v Dsn Exprt vrson 6-(D-Optml Sotwr). Mxtur Co PMF (%) VCO (%) CO (%) S1 82.50 12.50 5.00 S2 63.75 12.50 23.75 S3 90.00 5.00 5.00 S4 62.50 20.00 17.50 S5 75.00 20.00 5.00 S6 70.00 12.50 17.50 S7 50.00 20.00 30.00 S8 75.00 20.00 5.00 S9 50.00 20.00 30.00 S10 90.00 5.00 5.00 S11 65.00 5.00 30.00 S12 57.50 12.50 30.00 S13 65.00 5.00 30.00 S14 80.00 8.75 11.25 Smpl Prprton: Th plm m rton (PMF) ws mlt n n ovn t 60 C or 1 hour. A totl o 14 lns onsttutn PMF, VCO n CO t rnt rtos (Tl 1) wr prpr s nrt y mxn prour (D-Optml) n Dsn-Exprt vrson 6 sotwr. Th lns wr prpr y mxn th ol mxturs usn mnt strrr [9]. Th lns wr ltr sujt to physo-hml hrtrzton,.. sol t ontnt (SFC), slp mltn pont (SMP), r tty (FFA), on vlu (IV) n tty omposton (FAC). Sol Ft Contnt:Puls nulr mnt rsonn sptromtr (p-nmr) ws us to trmn th sol t ontnt (SFC) o h ln. Pror to nlyss, th t mxtur wr mlt t 70 C or 30 mnuts n susquntly pl nto 3m tu n ool to 0 C or 90 mnuts. Thn, th smpls wr pl nto th tu t tmprturs (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 n 37.5 C) nvully n th SFC ws ror or vry 30 mnuts [10]. Slp Mltn Pont: For slp mltn pont (SMP) trmnton, th t smpls wr mlt t 60 C or 30 mn. Cpllry tus mrk t 10 mm n 30 mm wr pp nto th moltn smpl untl th smpl ros to rh th 10 mm mrk. Thn, th pllry tus wth th smpls wr ool. Ths ws rr out y holn th n o th tu n rottn I t throuh untl th t smpls hrn or turn nto sols. Susquntly, th pllry tus wr wrm n wtr th t 10 ± 1 C or 16 hours. Atr tht, th pllry tus wr wrm n wtr th t th rt o 1 C pr mnut. Th htn ws ontnu untl t olumn strt to rs. Whn th movmnt x th 30 mm lvl, th tmprtur s ror. Ths tmprtur ws tkn s th slp mltn pont or th smpl [10]. Fr Ftty A: Fr tty (FFA) ontnt o th smpls ws trmn s on [1]. Eh smpl (5.0 ) ws wh n 100 ml onl lsk n 25 ml thyl thr:thnol (1:1, v/v) ws n th lsk ws shkn ntly untl th smpl ws ompltly ssolv. Th tty ontnt o th smpl ws trmn v ttrton wth 0.1 N NOH, usn phnolphthln (1% n thnol) s n ntor untl th pnk olor ws orm whh n or pproxmtly 30 sons. Ion Vlu: Ion vlu (IV) o th smpls ws trmn orn to [10]. Smpls (0.5 h) wr pl nvully nto 500 ml onl lsks. Thn, 20 ml ylohxn ws to ssolv th t. I t not ssolv, th onl lsk ws ht slowly tll th t s ompltly mlt. Thn, 25 ml Wj s soluton ws n th lsk ws pp, shkn n stor n rk pl or n hour. Atr tht, 20 ml sturt potssum o soluton n 100 ml stll wtr wr nto th lsk n th mxtur ws ttrt wth 0.1 N soum thosulpht untl th olor o th soluton turn to pl yllow. Thn, 2 ml strh ntor ws n th ttrton pross ws ontnu untl th lu olor sppr. Durn th ttrton, th lsk ws shkn ontnuously. Th stps ov wr rpt or lnk tst. Ftty A Composton: Ftty omposton (FAC) ws trmn s rport y [8]. It ws rr out tr th tty hs n onvrt nto tty mthyl str (FAME) throuh mthylton stps. Aout 0.1 ml o h t smpl ws ssolv n 1 ml n-hxn. Mthylton ws thn pro y n 1 ml 1M soum mthox. Susquntly, th mxturs wr homonz usn vortx mxr. Atr stnn or 15 mnuts, th lr suprntnt ws rmov n 1 µl o t ws njt nto sl pllry olumn SGE BPX 70, 60 m x 0.32 µm whh ws purhs rom Srvo Srvs Sn. Bh., Kln Slnor. Ftty prol ws nlyz usn s hromtorphy, Shmzu-17A, qupp wth lm on ttor (FID) n n ntrton pprtus (C-R6A Chromtop). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Sol Ft Contnt: F. 1 shows th sol t ontnt (SFC) o ll trnry lns prpr. On th whol, SFC rss s wrmn tmprtur nrss. 258
Am-Eurs. J. Ar. & Envron. S., 16 (2): 257-261, 2016 F. 1: Prnt sol t ontnt (SFC) o plm m rton (PMF), vrn oonut ol (VCO) n nol ol (CO) mxturs orn to rnt rtos o lnn t rnt tmprtur. Tl 2: Slp mltn pont (SMP), r tty (FFA) n on vlu (IV) o plm m rton (PMF), vrn oonut ol (VCO) n nol ol mxturs orn to rnt rtos. Mxtur Slp mltn pont Fr tty Ion vlu Co (mn ± SD) C (mn ± SD)% (mn ± SD)% S1 27.2 ± 0.10 0.85 ± 0.06 36.06 ± 0.49 S2 26.1 ± 0.10 0.64 ± 0.03 50.60 ± 0.39 S3 31.3 ± 0.10 0.81 ± 0.03 37.83 ± 0.30 S4 h 25.8 ± 0.06 0.60 ± 0.03 43.45 ± 0.49 S5 26.9 ± 0.10 1.24 33.59 ± 0.54 S6 26.4 ± 0.06 0.23 45.93 ± 0.69 S7 j 25.0 ± 0.15 0.54 ± 0.03 53.57 ± 0.66 S8 26.7 ± 0.10 1.24 ± 0.06 33.49 ± 0.34 S9 k 24.8 ± 0.15 0.56 ± 0.06 53.68 ± 0.46 S10 31.3 ± 0.06 0.81 ± 0.03 37.54 ± 0.45 S11 26.1 ± 0.06 0.49 ± 0.03 53.84 ± 0.54 S12 25.3 ± 0.10 0.55 ± 0.03 55.99 ± 0.39 S13 26.1 ± 0.06 0.49 ± 0.03 53.82 ± 0.70 S14 27.0 ± 0.06 0.56 ± 0.06 42.83 ± 0.88 CB 31.1 ± 0.10 1.41 h 34.74 ± 0.86 Not: Th vlu r mns or 3 smpl rpltons. -k rnt lphts on th sm olumn show th prsn o snnt rn (p<0.05) Not: For th omposton o lns, pls rr to Tl 1. Th SFC o nvul ln rs vn t th sm tmprtur u to th rn n th rto o PMF:VCO:CO. Thr ws rs n SFC strtn rom 0 C to 37.5 C. For xmpl n S1, th SFC rs rom 90.58-0.00%, S2 rom 72.90-0.03%, S3 rom 91.76-1.23%, S4 rom 77.42-0.00%, S5 rom 91.22-0.00%, S6 rom 79.18-0.00%, S7 rom 65.80-0.00%, S8 rom 91.11-0.00%, S9 rom 65.11-0.00%, S10 rom 91.35-1.44%, S11 rom 66.93-0.00%, S12 rom 65.59-0.00%, S13 rom 67.38-0.00% n S14 rom 85.10-0.00%. Ths rss wr prhps u to th nrrow rto n th wrmn tmprtur rn n thus th t m muh sotr [5].By omprn th SFC t 0 C, 25 C n 37.5 C to th on o CB, S3 or S10 ws th st nt or CBS. Th SFC o S3 t 0 C, 25 C n 37.5 C wr 91.76%, 46.85%, 1.23%, whl th SFC o S10 t th orrsponn tmprturs wr 91.35%, 46.40% n 1.44% rsptvly. Slp Mltn Pont: Th slp mltn ponts (SMP) o 14 trnry lns r shown n Tl 2. As xpt, th mxtur ontnn hhr prnt o PMF v hh slp mltn pont, s monstrt y S3 (31.3 ± 0.10 C) n S10 (31.3 C ± 0.06 C), whl thos ontnn hhr ontnt o CO wr lowr n SMP s show y S7 (25.0 C ± 0.15 C) n S9 (24.8 ± 0.15 C). Amonst th lns stu, S3 (31.3 ± 0.10 C) n S10 (31.3 ± 0.06 C) show SMP losr to CB (31.1 ± 0.10 C), hn thy my onsr s potntl lns o CBS. Fr Ftty A: Fr tty prnts o trnry lns r shown n Tl 2. On th whol, FFA n most trnry lns ws n th rn o 0.23-1.24%. As shown n Tl 2, thr ws no snnt rn (p>0.05) mon th smpls xpt S1-S3, S5-S8, S7-S12, S9-S14 n S11-S13 whh show othrws (p<0.05). Howvr, ll vlus wr lowr ompr to r tty vlu n CB (1.41 ± 0.00%). Hhr FFA s normlly ssot wth poor qulty o rw mtrl [3] hn n ths s, th qulty o lns stu oul onsr s oo. 259
Tl 3: Am-Eurs. J. Ar. & Envron. S., 16 (2): 257-261, 2016 Ftty omposton (%) or mxturs o plm m rton (PMF), vrn oonut ol (VCO) n nol ol (CO) orn to rnt rtos s on Dsn Exprt Vrson 6.0. Ftty % CB S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 C6-0 - 0.1 0.1-0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2-0.1 0.1-0.1 C8-0 - 1.1 1.1 0.4 2.1 1.8 1.2 1.8 1.8 1.8 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.8 C10-0 - 0.8 0.8 0.3 1.4 1.2 0.8 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.6 C11-0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C12-0 - 6.0 5.9 2.4 10.7 9.1 6.1 9.4 9.1 9.4 2.4 2.4 6.0 2.4 4.4 C13-0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C14-0 - 2.7 2.6 1.5 4.2 3.8 2.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 1.5 1.3 2.5 1.3 2.1 C15-0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C15-1 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 C16-0 26.9 47.3 37.6 50.6 36.0 44.4 40.8 31.4 44.4 31.4 50.6 37.5 34.3 37.5 45.5 C16-1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 C17-0 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 C17-1 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.1 0.1 - C18-0 34.6 5.0 4.3 5.2 4.2 4.8 4.5 3.8 4.8 3.8 5.2 4.1 4.0 4.1 4.8 C18-1n9 32.9 30.9 35.8 33.0 31.1 28.5 33.8 34.8 28.6 34.9 33.2 39.4 37.0 39.4 33.6 C18-2n6 3.0 4.1 7.6 4.4 6.2 3.9 6.4 8.4 3.9 8.3 4.4 9.0 8.7 9.0 5.4 C18-3n6G - - 0.1-0.1-0.1 0.2-0.2-0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 C18-3n3A 0.2 0.6 2.5 0.6 1.9 0.5 1.9 3.2 0.5 3.1 0.6 3.3 3.2 3.3 1.2 C20-0 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4-0.4 C20-1n9-0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 C20-2 - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - C20-3n6 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C20-5n3 - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - C22-0 0.2 0.1-0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1-0.1 0.1 C22-1n9 - - 0.1-0.1-0.1 0.2-0.2-0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 C22-2 0.2 0.3 0.1-0.5 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 C23-0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C24-0 0.1 0.1-0.1 - - 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1-0.1 - C22-6n3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C24-1n9 - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - 0.1 - - S8, S9, S10 n S13: rplts or S5, S7, S3 n S11, rsptvly. Ion Vlu: As shown n Tl 2, on vlu or [S3] Tl 3. Th tty omposton wll nlun th n [S10], [S5] n [S8], [S7] n [S9] n [S11] n [S13] nutrton vlu n physl proprts o th t or ol n wr 37.83 ± 0.30 n 37.54 ± 0.45; 33.59 ± 0.54 n 33.49 ts prouts. For xmpl, th prsn o ± 0.34; 53.57 ± 0.66 n 53.68 ± 0.46; 53.84 ± 0.54 n 53.82 polyunsturt tty suh s lnol n ± 0.70 rsptvly. Th rn o on vlu or othr lnoln n v nl hlth t. On th lns ([S2], [S4], [S5] n [S6]) ws 0.23-1.24. Th hhr othr hn, th hh lvl o str n rnr th ontnt o CO s n S2, S7, S9, S11, S12 n S13, prout omn hrr [4]. In ths stuy t ws oun nrlly proun lns o hhr on vlu. Ths s tht th S3 n S10 ontn th hhst mount o u to th t tht nol ol hs low sturt tty plmt (50.6%), whl S1 h th hhst str ontnt. Lkws, th lns rh n PMF (S3 n S10) (5.0%) n lnol (4.1%) ontnts rsptvly. show lowr on vlus. Ion vlu s vry rul Th prsn o TAG wth hh n plmt n most n trmnn th oxtv stlty o ts n ols. plm ol prout uss t to orm stl rystls, thus mkn t sutl or oo uttr susttut. Ftty A Composton: Ftty omposton o th Compr to CB, ll lns wr hh n plmt u trnry lns ontnn PMF:VCO:CO s shown n to prsn o PMF. 260
Am-Eurs. J. Ar. & Envron. S., 16 (2): 257-261, 2016 CONCLUSIONS 3. Ghzl, H.M., S. Hmh n Y.B. Ch Mn, 1995. Enzymt trnsstrton o plm oln wth Sn oo uttr (CB) s prm t wth unqu nonsp n 1,3-sp lpss. J.Amrn Ol mltn prol, thr s n to prou CBS rom Chmst s Soty, 72(6): 633-639. hpr n sly vll rw mtrl. In ths stuy, 4. Gunston, F.D., 2004. Th Chmstry o Ols n Fts, th physo-hml proprts o trnry lns Sours, Composton Proprts n Uss. Nw ontnn PMF, VCO n CO wr nlyz n York: Blkwll Pulshn. ompr to CB. Amon th lns stu, S3 or S10 5. Jurrns, G., 1968. Anlyss n Chrtrzton o (PMF:VCO:CO, 90:5:5) ws losr to CB, splly wth Ols n Fts n Ft Prouton (. Boknoon, rspt to SFC n SMP. H.A), 2, Intrsn, Lonon, Nw York, Syny. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 6. MDonl n Bru, 1994. Cnol ol nutrtonl proprts. POS Plot Plnt Corporton Ssktoon, Sskthwn 127-143. Th uthors wsh to thnk UnvrstKnsn 7. M. Al, A.R. M.A.A, M.S. Emon nc.h.oh. Mlys or nnn ths rsrh projt v DPP-043- Flnoh,1992. Intrton o oo uttr quvlnt 2014 Fun. omponnt ts n trnry lns. ELAEIS4(1): 21-26. REFERENCES 8. M. Al, A.R. n P.S. Dmk, 1994. Thrml nlyss o plm m-rton, oo uttr n mlk t ln y rntl snnn lormtry.j.amrn Ol 1. AOCS, 1990. Ol Mthos n Rommn Chmst s Soty, 71(3): 299-302. Prts o th Amrn Ol Chmst s Soty, 9. Nzrun, R., S. Mmot n N.T. Loon, 2005. AOCS Prss, Chmpn, IL. Physohml proprts o nry mxturs o 2. Dosumu, O.O, O. Duru, A.A FI n A.A.Osnu, hyront plm krnl ol n ot mlk t. J. 2010. Inlun o vrn oonut ol (VCNO) on Foo Lps, 12: 243-260. oxtv strss, srum tstostron n 10. PORIM. 1995. PORIM Tst Mthos. Mthos o onotrop hormons (FSH, LH) n hron Tst For Plm Ol n Plm Ol Prouts. Bn.Plm thnol nston. Ar. Bo. J. North Amrn Ol Rsrh Insttut o Mlys. 1:1126-1132. 261