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m úv`kxq cöeü : 15Zg el : m~pxcî 4_ msl v cweî KziAv b ewy Z 25 Rb bexi Kvwnbx (25/19 wkw ) -gynv v` Avmv`yj vn Avj-Mvwje Avj vn I ivm~j (Qvt) m ú K KwZcq åvš AvK x`v (2q wkw ) -nv dh Avãyj gzxb KziAvb I mybœvn&i Av jv K ZvK jx` (3q wkw ) -kixdzj Bmjvg Rb wbqš Yi Kzdj I weavb -Avey bvwdh gynv v` wjjei Avj-eviv`x wpwkrmv RMr : kx Z AmyL : mzk Zv I KiYxq Z-Lvgvi : ivm cöwz iv a kx Zi mewr cv _ wbqvg : GK fqski Dw ` bvi K ji gvko `g b KiYxq KweZv : jlbx e `Mx kl wvkvbv gwnjv `i cvzv : bvixi AwaKvi I gh v`vq Bmjvg (c~e cökvwk Zi ci) - Rmwgb web Z Rvgxj mvbvgwy `i cvzv ^ `k-we `k gymwjg Rvnvb weávb I we q msmvb msev` cö kœvëi 02 03 13 18 23 29 31 33 34 37 38 41 42 43 49 m úv`kxq eo w`b ïf eo w`b gv b Cmv gmx ni ïf Rb w`b Cmv gmx ni Rb GBfv e n qwqj BDmy di m ½ Cmvi gv gvwiqv gi we q wvk n qwqj wkš Zviv GKm ½ emevm Kievi Av MB cvk iƒ ni kw³ Z gvwiqvg Mf ezx n qwq jb gvwiqv gi ^vgx mr jvk wq jb... (gw_ 1/18-25) Avj vn gvbyl K GZ gneÿz Ki jb h, Zuvi GKgvÎ cyî K wzwb `vb Ki jb hb h KD mb cy Îi Dci Cgvb Av b, m webó bv nq wkš Abš Rxeb cvqõ (BD nvbœv 3/16) Dc ii e³e wj wlªóvb `i XvKv K `ª (wewegm) _ K wewfbœ RvZxq ˆ`wb K cöpvwiz weáwßi Ask we kl cyiv weáwßwu wewfbœ Am½wZ I KíK_vq fiv j Yxq h, Zviv GLb ÔhxïwLªóÕ ej Q bv eis gymjgvb `i KvQvKvwQ nevi Rb ÔCmv gmxnõ ej Q Zv `i e vck cöpv ii d j evsjv ` k eû wn `ygymjgvb I DcRvZxqiv wlªóvb n q hv Q GLb mviv `k K Zviv 7wU ag cö ` k fvm K i cöwz cö ` k GKRb wekc wnmv e gvu 8Rb wekc wb q mymsmwvzfv e KvR Pvjv Q cö `k wj nj : XvKv (1886), w`bvrcyi (1927), Lyjbv (1952), PÆMÖvg (1972), gqgbwmsn (1987), ivrkvnx (1990), wm ju (2011) Av M hlv b Av gwikv-bsj vû _ K wekc Avbv nõz, GLb mlv b me wekcb evsjv `kx Zviv ` k ez gv b wewfbœ nvmcvzvj I wk v cöwzôvb cwipvjbv Ki Q Ges we kl K i gvby li `wi`ªzvi my hvm wb q MÖv g-m Ä I cve Z GjvKvq cö ek Ki Q I G ` ki gvbyl K ag vš wiz Ki Q civkw³i mg_ b Av Q weavq mikvii me `v G `i e vcv i `ye j G `i Drme wj Z mikv ii gš x `i AwZ Drmvn `L j wew Z n Z nq Gev ii eow` b GKRb m` wbhy³ gymjgvb gš x e jb d j Qb, Ôag hvi hvi, Drme meviõ wk PgrKvi ag wbi c Zv! A_P mk j fvjfv eb Rv bb h, Bû`x-wLªóvbiv h ` kb cöfve we vi K i Q, m `kb civkw³i KiZjMZ n q Q hvi ev e D`vniY e wukfviz Dcgnv `k Ges mv cöwzk mg q B `v bwkqv _ K wew Qbœ c~e wzgyi I m~`vb _ K wew Qbœ `w Y m~`vb BwZg a cve Z PÆMÖv g ÔwLªóivóªÕ cöwzôvi cvqzviv Pj Q e j cîcwîkvq cökvk Giv GK mgq ewy Ki e k G m wmivry Ïxjv K nz v K i evsjvi ivr`ê nv Z wb qwqj AvR Zviv a g i gy Lvk c i G m Q ZvB mikvi hw` mveavb bv nq, ZvnÕ j Lvj K U Kzgxi W K Avbv n e AZGe G `i _ K mveavb! wewfbœ cwîkvq cökvwkz Zv `i weáwß Z nhiz Cmv (Avt) m ú K hme K_v ejv n q Q, muvb wk mz, bv KziAv bi evyx mz? hw` KziAv bi evyx mz nq, ZvnÕ j hme gymwjg gvwjkvbvaxb cwîkv I wgwwqv UvKvi jv f G `i wg_ v weáwß mg~n cöpvi Ki Q, Zviv wk Avj vn&i Kv Q `vqx n e bv? hme bzv G `i Abyôv b hvm`v b Drmvn eva K ib Ges mkj ag K mgvb MY K ib, Zviv m ezt Bmjvg I Ab ag Kvb 2

m ú K B Ávb iv Lb bv Avgiv G e vcv i cwi vifv e mk ji D Ï k Rvwb q w` Z PvB h, KziAvb AvMg bi ci c w_ex Z wemz mkj Bjvnx MÖ š i ûkzg iwnz n q M Q ZIivZ, he~i, BbRxj e j hv wkqz Pvjv bv n Q, mewkqzb evwzj I wek Z ÔBû`x-bvQviv ag bzviv wb Riv G jv gbgz wj L Avj vn&i KZve e j Pvwj q w` q Q `yõcqmv ivrmv ii AvkvqÕ (evk vivn 79) c vš i KziAv bi ndvh Zi `vwqz ^qs Avj vn wb q Qb (wnri 9) ZvB Zv wk qvgz ch š AweK Z _vk e GLb c w_exi mkj gvby li Rb GKgvÎ AbymiYxq Bjvnx wkzve nõj Avj-KziAvb Ôhv gvbervwzi Rb c_cö`k K, myc _i e vl vzv Ges mz I wg_ vi cv_ K KvixÕ (evk vivn 185) Avi GKgvÎ bex nõ jb klbex gynv v` (Qvt) hvi AvMgb evz v wemz mkj bexmn nhiz Cmv (Avt) wb RB w` q M Qb (Qd 6) mkj bex wq jb MvÎxq bex wkš klbex gynv v` (Qvt) nõ jb wek bex wzwb m wórm Zi bex, wrb I Bbmv bi bex Ges Zuvi c i Avi Kvb bex Avm eb bvõ (mvev 28; wgkkvz nv/5745, 47, 48, 73) GLb hw` g~mv (Avt) eu P _vk Zb, ZvnÕ j Zuv KI Bmjv gi AbymiY e ZxZ Dcvq _vk Zv bv (wgkkvz nv/177) wk qvg Zi cöv v j hlb Cmv (Avt) AeZiY Ki eb, ZLb wzwb Bgvg gvn`xi wcq b QvjvZ Av`vq Ki eb Ges wek e vcx Bmjvgx kvmb Kv qg Ki eb (wgkkvz nv/5475, 5506-07) Bû`x kî `i I kvmk `i nz v Pµvš _ K euvpv bvi Rb Avj vn Zuv K RxweZve vq Avmgv b DwV q bb (Av j Bgivb 55) ÔZvi Abymvix `i cv ci evsvi cövqwðë ^iƒc wzwb k~ j we n q g Zz eiy K i QbÕ e j wlªóvbiv h cöpvi K i _v K, Zv mªd cözviyv ˆe wkqz bq GR b B wk ZvnÕ j wlªóvb civkw³ jv mviv we k mk mš vm Pvwj q jvl jvl eby Av`g K nz v Ki Q I cuywrev`x A_ bxwzi gva g wek K f vgcvqv ii gz kvly K i P j Q? wb Riv cvc K i Zvi evsv wb ` vl Cmv (Avt)-Gi Dc i Pvwc q `evi GB agx q `vex wk mªd Acev` I fêvwg bq? Avj vn e jb, ÔZviv Zv K nz vi K iwb, k~ ji `qwb, eis Zv `i Rb auvauv m wó Kiv n qwqj gvî G wel q Zv `i KvbB Ávb bb Zviv KejB m ` ni g a c o Av Q Avi GUv wbwðz h, Zviv Zv K nz v K iwbõ Ôeis Avj vn Zv K wb Ri Kv Q DwV q wb q Qb Avi Avj vn gnv civµvš I cöávgqõ (wbmv 157-58) wlªóvb `i cöpvic Î gvwiqv gi h ^vgxi K_v ejv n q Q, Zv Wvnv wg_ v Kbbv KziAv b I nv`x Q me Î Cmv K ÔgvwiqvgcyÎÕ ejv n q Q ^vgx _vk j Cmv K Zuvi wczvi w` KB m ^Ü Kiv nõz Avj vn e jb, Cmvi ` óvš nõj Av` gi gzõ... (Av j Bgivb 59) Av`g K hgb Avj vn wczv-gvzv QvovB m wó K i Qb, Cmv K Zgwb wczv QvovB Kej gv qi gva g m wó K i Qb (Cmvi Rb BwZnvm Rvbvi Rb m~iv gvwiqvg 16-36 AvqvZ wj cvv Ki b) cöpvic Î Cmv (Avt)- K ÔBebyj vnõ (Avj vn&i euv) ejv n q Q GK_v Zviv Av MI ejz (ZIevn 30) GgbwK wîz ev`x L óvbiv Zuv K mivmwi Avj vn mve K i e j Q, ÔwZwb wzb Avj vn&i GKRbÕ (gv q`vn 73) Zviv GUv K Ôeyw ewnf ~Z mz Õ e j Q A_P Giƒc aviyv cvly Kvix `i Avj vn Ø _ nxbfv e ÔKv diõ e j Qb Ges G `i Rb RvbœvZ nvivg K i QbÕ (gv q`vn 72-73) Avj vn e jb, Avj vn Ggb bb h, wzwb mš vb MÖnY Ki eb wzwb gnvcweî hlb wzwb Kvb KvR Kivi wm vš bb, ZLb e jb, ni! mv _ mv _ n q hvqõ (gvwiqvg 35) ez gvb c w_ex Z gvbervwzi Rb Avj vn&i g bvbxz GKgvÎ Øxb nõj Bmjvg (Av j Bgivb 19) ÔBmjvg e ZxZ Ab Kvb Øxb Avj vn KL bvb Keyj Ki eb bv Ges KD Zv Zvjvk Ki j m wzmö n eõ (Av j Bgivb 85) GB Øxb Ô úó I cwi QbœÕ (wgkkvz nv/177) ÔGB Øxb mz I b vq Øviv cwic~y Gi weavbmg~ ni cwiez bkvix KD bbõ (AvbÔAvg 115) ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e jb, hvi nv Z gynv v `i Rxeb wbwnz Zvi Kmg K i ejwq, Bû`x nšk ev bvqviv nšk c w_exi h KD Avgvi Avwef v ei Lei ï b Q, A_P Avwg hv wb q AvMgb K iwq Zvi Dci Cgvb Av bwb, m e w³ Rvnvbœvgx n eõ (gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/10) Qvjv Zi cöwz ivkôav Z m~iv dvwznvi k l Awfkß I c_åó ej Z Bû`x I bvqviv `i eysv bv n q Q, hv `i c _ bv Pjvi Rb Avj vn&i Kv Q cöv_ bv Kiv nq (wziwghx nv/2954) A_P Avgiv Zv `i c _B PjwQ Zv `i m ½ AvPi Yi e vcv i Avj vn e jb, ÔgywgbMY hb gywgb `i Q o Kvwdi `i eüz wnmv e MÖnY bv K i Zv `i Awb ói AvksKv _ K AvZ i v e ZxZ h e w³ Giƒc K i Avj vn&i mv _ Zvi KvbB m úk bb (Av j Bgivb 28) 25 ww m ^i K Cmv (Avt)-Gi Rb w`em wnmv e cvjb Kivi wcq b Kvb cögvy bb, Kej aviyv I Kíbv e ZxZ Kbbv KziAv bi ey bvq eysv hvq h, IUv wqj LRyi cvkvi gšmyg mlv b gvwiqvg K LRyi Mv Qi KvÊ a i bvov w` Z ejv n q Q, hv Z myc LRyi bx P cwzz nq (gvwiqvg 25) Avi LRyi cv K MÖx Kv j, ww m ^ ii kxzkv j bq cwi k l eje, Bû`xiv nõj Cmv (Avt)-Gi RvZkÎ Ges L óvbiv Zuvi KcU Abymvix Cgvb`vi CmvqxMY ïi ZB Bmjvg Keyj K iwq jb Ges AvRI Cgvb`vi Bû`x I bvqvivmy Bmjvg Keyj K i ab n eb Gi gva g Zviv wø Y bkxi AwaKvix n ebõ (K vqvq 52-54) LuvwU gymjgv bivb Cmv (Avt)- Gi cöpvwiz ZvInx `i cök Z Abymvix klbex gynv v` (Qvt) ez gvb c w_exi GKgvÎ bex Ges Bmjvg Avj vn g bvbxz GKgvÎ ag ZvB mkj Agymwjg K Avgiv BnKvjxb g½j I cikvjxb gyw³i ^v _ `ª Z ÔgymwjgÕ niqvi AvnŸvb RvbvB Bmjvg I Kzdi KL bvb GK bq ZvB Kvb gymwjg gyizv` n j A_ vr Bmjvg Z vm Ki j Ges ZIev K i wd i bv G j Zvi GKgvÎ kvw nõj g Zz `Ê (eylvix, wgkkvz nv/3533) c vš i Kzdi I wkik cwiz vm K i Bmjvg Keyj Ki j Zvi bkx nõj wø Y AZGe mikv ii DwPr Kzdi K DrmvwnZ bv Kiv Ges Agymwjgiv hv Z Bmjvg Keyj K i cikv j gyw³ jv fi c_ Luy R cvq, mrb me Zvfv e Zv `i K DØy Kiv I mn hvwmzv Kiv Øxb`vi awbk kªyxi cöwzi Avgiv GKB AvnŸvb RvbvB Avj vn Avgv `i mnvq nšb- Avgxb!! [m.m.] 3

cö e Ü gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK Rvbyqvix 2012 15Zg el 4_ msl v gynv v` Avmv`yj vn Avj-Mvwje (25/19 wkw ) 25. nhiz gynv v` (Qvj vj vû AvjvB n Iqv mvj vg) ZveyK hy ( ) (9g wnrixi ire gvm) cuf~wg : GUvB wqj ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Rxe bi kl hy Ges hv ivgk `i wei cwipvwjz nq ZrKvjxb mg qi A a K c w_exi GK QÎ kvmk ivg mgªv Ui wmwiq MeY ii wei 8g wnrixi Rygv`vj Ejv gv m cwipvwjz ÔgyZvÕ Awfhv b GK Amg hy ivgk `i wcqzuv bi d j Avie DcØx c gymwjg kw³i kª vc~y cöfve we Z nq Zv Z hym hym a i ivgk `i kvmb- kvl Y wbw úó Avie `i g a ^vaxbzvi ^cœ RvMwiZ nq we kl K i Avie f~l Êi mxgvš ezx ivg kvwmz kvg iv R i Rb Zv GKwU weivu P v jä wnmv e `Lv `q G mgq g`xbvi mv ek AvDm bzv I L óvb agx q i Avey Av gi Avi-iv ne nvbv qb hy i ci mew`k w` q wbivk n q Ae k l wmwiqvq (kvg) P j hvb Kbbv GwU ZLb wqj L óvb `i K `ªwe `y mlv b wm q wzwb ivg mgªvu K g`xbv Avµg Yi Rb cö ivpbv w` Z _v Kb G D Ï k g`xbvi gybvwdk `i mv _ wzwb cyiv hvmv hvm iv Lb Ges Zv `i K w` q wzwb gmwr ` K vevi A`~ i ÔgmwR ` hiviõ wbg vy Kivb gmwr `i gy Lv k Pµvš I loh š i K `ª wnmv e ivg mgªvu K wzwb eysv Z m g nb h, g`xbvq gynv v `i wei Zvi GKwU weivu `j i q Q hviv evwn Kfv e gynv v `i ` j wg k Av Q evb i _ K ivgkiv nvgjv Ki jb Zviv Ny i `uvov e Ges ivgk `i mnr werq jvf n e D j L h, I nv` hy knx` Ges d ikzviv hvi jvk Mvmj Kivb, mb wel vz Qvnvex nvbhvjv wq jb GB dv mk Avey Av g ii cyî Avey Av gi Avg Zz Mvgivnx I L óev `i Dc i AwePj wq jb ivm~j (Qvt) Zvi jke `b ÔAvey Av gi Avjdv mkõ 1 GKw` K ivr bwzk ev ezv Ab w` K Avey Av g ii GB cö ivpbv ivg mgªvu K DrmvwnZ Kij c~y iƒ c kw³ mâ qi c~ e B DVwZ Bmjvgx kw³ K wbg ~j K i `evi mskí wb q wzwb e vck hy cö wz ïi K ib hv Z ivg mvgªvr msjmœ Avie GjvKv _ K fwel Z Kvbiƒc wdrbv ev we `ªvn `Lv `evi my hvm m wó bv nq g`xbvq ivgk fxwz : ivg mgªv Ui e vck hy cö wzi Lei g`xbvq cuš Q M j gymjgvb `i g a ^vfvwekfv eb fxwzi mâvi nq we kl K i gybvwdk `i AwaKgvÎvq AccÖPv ii d j mvaviy I `ye jgbv gymjgvb `i iv Zi Nyg nvivg n q hvq ivgkfxwz gymjgvb `i g a Kgb cöfve we vi K iwqj, wb gœi NUbvwU Øviv eysv hvq- Igi dviƒk (ivt) e jb, Avgvi GKRb AvbQvi eüz wq jb hlb Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi `iev i nvwhi bv _vkzvg, ZLb wzwb Avgvi wbk U msev`vw` cuš Q w` Zb Avi wzwb hlb Dcw Z bv _vk Zb, ZLb Avwg Zvi wbk U Zv cuš Q w`zvg Zuviv Df q cöwz ekx wq jb Ges g`xbvi DcK É ( ) emevm Ki Zb Zviv cvjvµ g ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi `iev i Dcw Z _vk Zb wzwb e jb, Avgiv mevb Mvmmvbx mgªvu K fq KiZvg Kbbv Avgv `i ejv n qwqj h, mz i Zviv Avgv `i Dc i nvgjv Ki e d j Avgv `i Aš i wj me `v Zv `i f q c~y _vkz GKw`b nvvr Avgvi H AvbQvi eüz `irv av v Z av v Z ej jb, `irv Lyjyb, `irv Lyjyb! Avwg f q e j DVjvg, ÔMvmmvbx G m M Q?Õ wzwb ej jb, bv, eis Zvi P q KwVb Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) Zvi x `i _ K c _K n q QbÕ 2 A_ vr wzwb x `i m ½ ÔCjvÕ ( ) K i Qb 9g wnrixi cö_gfv Mi GB mgq x `i Dc i Amš ó n q Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) Zv `i _ K c _K _vkvi kc_ K i GKgv mi Rb ÔCjvÕ K ib Ges Zv `i _ K c _K n q GKwU wbr b K Ae vb K ib wkš Qvnvev q Kivg g~j welqwu eys Z bv c i G K ZvjvK f ewq jb Aek Cjvi gqv` Pvi gvm AwZµg n q M j ZLb Zvjv Ki cökœ P j Av m nhiz Igi Bebyj LvË v ei Dc iv³ ey bv _ K mn R Abygvb Kiv P j h, H mgq ivgkfxwz gymjgvb `i 1. Avi-ivnxK c t 258 2. eylvix nv/4629 4

wkfv e MÖvm K iwqj gybvwdk `i AwZiwÄZ cöpvi I e vck iubv D³ fxwz K Av iv cöku K i Zz jwqj ivgk `i hy hvîvi Lei : GBiƒc fxwzki Ae vi g a kvg _ K g`xbvq AvMZ ˆZj e emvqx bvevz x ` ji gva g msev` cviqv Mj h, ivg mgªvu nivwk qvm Zvi GKRb wel vz mbvcwzi Aax b 40,000 ˆm b i GK wekvj evwnbx cö Z K i Qb hvi g a jvlvg, Rvhvg cöf wz L óvb MvÎ wj mn Ab vb Avie wgî MvÎmg~n i q Q Zv `i AMÖeZx evwnbxwu BwZg a wmwiqvi evjk v ( ) bmix Z cuš Q M Q LeiwU Ggb mgq cušqj, hlb wqj MÖx Kvj Ges dj cvkvi gšmyg gvby li g a wqj zav I `vwi `ª i Zxeª KlvNvZ iv v wqj eû `~ ii Ges AZxe K kki ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi hy hvîvi NvlYv : ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) wpš v Ki jb h, Avie GjvKvq ivgk `i cö ek Kivi Av MB Zv `i K Zv `i mxgv š i g a B AvU K dj Z n e hv Z Avie I gymwjg GjvKv A nzzk wzmö bv nq Ab mgq ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) ÔZvIwiqvÕ ( ) K ib A_ vr GKw` K hviqvi K_v e j Ab w` K h Zb wkš Gevi wzwb mivmwi NvlYv Ki jb h, ivgk `i wei hy h Z n e AZtci G e vcv i wzwb mevb K Rviv jvfv e DrmvwnZ Ki Z _v Kb hv Z fxwz S o d j mevb hy i Rb Rv i kv i cö wz MÖnY Ki Z cv i `Lv Mj h, GKgvÎ gybvwdkiv e ZxZ mevb hy hvîvi Rb D`MÖxe n q DV jv g vevmx `i wbk U I Ab vb Avie MvÎ wji wbk U Lei cvvv bv nõj GKB mg q m~iv ZIevi A bk wj AvqvZ bvwhj nõj gybvwdk `i hy fxwzi wei I wg_ v Ihi-AvcwËi wei GZØ ZxZ wrnv `i dhxjz Ges GZ`y Ï k `vb-qv`vk vi dhxjz m ú K A bk wj AvqvZ bvwhj nq G Z gymjgvb `i g a e vck mvov c o hvq MÖx i LiZvc, dm ji gšmyg, K kki `xn md ii Kó mewkqz fy j wm q Zv `i g a ïi nq wrnv ` Mgb Kivi I wrnv` dv Ê `vb Kivi gayi I Zxeª cöwz hvwmzv GB mgq gybvwd Kiv gmwr ` K vevi AbwZ`~ i GKwU gmwr` wbg vy K i Ges mlv b wm q QvjvZ Av`v qi Rb ivm~j (Qvt)- K `viqvz `q ivm~j (Qvt) ZveyK hy _ K wd i G m mlv b hv eb e j K_v `b BwZnv m GwU ÔgmwR ` hiviõ bv g cwiwpz wrnv `i cö wz I `v bi cöwz hvwmzv : wrnv ` Mg bi wb ` k cöpvwiz niqvi ci gymjgvb `i g a e vck mvov c o hvq mk j ^Ztù Z fv e wrnv `i cö wz ïi K i `q hv `i evnb wqj bv, Zviv Qz U Av mb ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Kv Q evn bi Rb ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) mevb K evn bi e e v Ki Z cvi jb bv d j hviv evnb c jb bv, Zviv wrnv ` h Z bv cvivi kv K Ku ` eyk fvmv jb Zv `i GB GKwbôZvi K_v Avj vn cvk ey bv K ib wb gœv³ fvlvq- - ÔGes Awf hvm bb Hme gywg bi Dci, hviv Avcbvi wbk U G m Q evn bi Rb A_P Avcwb e j Qb, Zvgv `i Rb Kvb evnb Avwg cvw Q bv ZLb Zviv wd i hv Q GgZve vq h, Zv `i P z wj w` q AkÖ cöevwnz nw Qj GB `yt L h, Zviv e q Kivi gz wkqzb cv Q bvõ (ZIevn 9/92) wrnv` dv Ê `v bi cöwz hvwmzv : (1) AveyeKi wqïxk (ivt) Zuvi me ^ G b nvwhi Ki jb Avj vn I ivm~j e ZxZ Zvi cwiev ii Rb wkqzb Q o Av mbwb wzwbb wq jb cö_g e w³, whwb wrnv` dv Ê `v bi m~pbv K ib (2) Igi dviƒk (ivt) Zvi mg gvj-m ú `i A a K wb q G jb (3) IQgvb MYx (ivt) cici cuvpev i nvi`vmn 900 DU, Mw` I cvjvb mn 100 Nvov, cövq mv o 5 KwR Ih bi KvQvKvwQ 1000 ^Y gỳ ªv, cövq 29 KwR Ih bi KvQvKvwQ 200 DwK qv išc gỳ ªv `vb K ib ^Y gỳ ªv wj hlb ivm~ ji Kv ji Dc i wzwb X j `b, ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) m wj D ë-cv ë ej Z _v Kb, ÔAvR Ki w` bi ci Kvb AvgjB IQgv bi Kvb wz Ki e bvõ 3 GB wecyj `v bi Rb wzwb A_ vr ÔZveyK hy i im` hvmvb`vzvõ LZve cövß nb (Beby Lvj`~b) (4) Avãyi ingvb web AvId (ivt) 200 DwK qv išc gỳ ªv `vb K ib (5) AveŸvm Beby Avãyj gyë vwje eû gvj-mvgvb wb q Av mb 3. wziwghx nv/3701; wgkkvz nv/6064 5

(6) Av Qg web Av`x 90 AmvK A_ vr cövq 13,500 KwR LRyi Rgv `b GZØ ZxZ Z vjnv, mvô` web Iev`vn, gynv v` web gvmjvgvn cögyl cöpzi gvj-m ú` `vb K ib Gfv e GK gỳ, `yb gỳ K i Kg- ekx `v bi mªvz Pj Z _v K gwnjvmy Zv `i Mjvi nvi, nv Zi Pzwo, cv qi AjsKvi, Kv bi wis, AvswU BZ vw` hvi hv AjsKvi wqj, ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbk U cvwv q `b KD mvgvb Zg K cyzv K ibwb GB mgq Avey AvK xj AvbQvix (ivt) 2 mi he ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wl`g Z ck K i e jb, mviv ivz c ii Z cvwb mu P 4 mi he grywi wnmv e c qwq Zvi g a 2 mi wewe-ev Pvi Rb i L evkxuv wb q G mwqõ `qvi bex Zvi nvz _ K h ei _wjwu wb q ej jb, Zvgiv GB he jv g~j evb gvj-m ú `i ci Dc i Qwo q `viõ A_ vr GB mvgvb `v bi gh v`v nõj mevi Dc i myenvbvj vn 4 gybvwdk `i we`ªƒc : Z e gybvwd Kiv wb Riv Zv `vb K iwb Dciš GB `vb K VvÆv-we`ªƒc K iwqj Zv `i m ú K Avj vn e jb, - ÔH mg jvk hviv we`ªƒc K i Hme gywgb `i cöwz hviv gb Ly j Qv`vK v K i Ges Hme gywgb `i cöwz hviv `vb Kivi gz wkqzb cvq bv wb R `i cwikªgjä e wfbœ AZtci Zv `i K Zviv VvÆv K i Avj vn Zv `i cöwz VvÆv K i Qb Ges Zv `i Rb i q Q gg vwš K AvhveÕ (ZIevn 9/79) Zv `i VvÆv hb Giƒc wqj h, wek kw³ ivgk evwnbx K Giv `yõpviwu LRyi w` qb civwrz Ki Z Pvq wksev `yõpviuv LRyi w` qb Giv ivgk mvgªvr R qi ^cœ `L Q Zvey Ki c _ gymwjg evwnbx : 9g wnrixi ire gv mi GK e n úwzev i Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) 30,000 ˆm b i GK wekvj evwnbx wb q Zvey Ki D Ï k iiqvbv nõ jb GUvB wqj Zuvi Rxe bi me P q eo mbv Awfhvb GB mgq wzwb gynv v` Be b gvmjvgvn AvbQvix K gzvš i mevô web AvidvZv ) ( - K g`xbvi cökvmk wbhy³ K ib Ges nhiz Avjx K Zuvi cwiev ii `Lvïbvi `vwqz w` q hvb wkš gybvwd Kiv Zv K m ezt fxzz, Kvcyi l BZ vw` e j VvÆv Kivq µz n q wzwb cybivq wm q cw_g a mbv` j hvm `b ZLb mbv`j `yõwzb gbwhj AwZµg K i M Q Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) Zv K Kv Q W K m mœ n e jb, ÔZzwg wk G Z mš ó bi h, Zzwg Avgvi wbk U Abyiƒc ni hgb nviƒy wq jb g~mvi wbk U? Z e cv_ K GB h, Avgvi c i Avi Kvb bex bbõ 5 GK_v ï b Avjx (ivt) Lykx g b g`xbvq wd i M jb mbvevwnbx Z evnk I Lv` msku : mva gz `vb-qv`vk v Kiv m Ë I Zv GB wekvj mbvevwnbxi Rb h _ó wqj bv d j cöwz 18 R bi Rb GKwU K i D Ui e e v nq hvi Dc i Zviv cvjvµ g miqvi n Zb Abyiƒcfv e Lv` msku `Lv `qvq Zviv Mv Qi Qvj-cvZv L Z _v Kb hv Z Zv `i VvU jv dz j hvq cvwbi Afv e cövy IôvMZ nevi Dcµg nõ j evnb msku _vkv m Ë I Zviv gv S-g a DU bni Ki Z eva nõ Zb Ges D Ui wc Vi Kzu Rv Z ( ) mwâz cvwb cvb Ki Zb evnb I Lv` -cvbx qi GB KwVb msk Ui Kvi Y ZveyK evwnbx K (Rvqïj Dmivn A_ vr Afve-AbU bi evwnbx) ejv nq cw_g a mbvevwnbx e vck nv i cvwb msk U covq Zviv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbk U G m cvwbi Awf hvm ck K ib ZLb Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) Avj vn&i wbk U cvwb cöv_ bv Ki jb d j Avj vn e wói gn cvwv q `b, hv wecyj e wó el Y K i mbvevwnbx Z wß mnkv i cvwb cvb K ib Ges cvîmg~n f i bb wnri AwZµg : Mgb c _ gymwjg evwnbx ÔwnRiÕ GjvKv AwZµg K i hv wqj Lvqe ii A`~ i Iqvw`j K viv ( ) GjvKvq Aew Z GLv b aÿsmcövß Qvg~` RvwZ cv_i K U K U gheyz Nievwo ˆZix K iwqj ( ) (dri 89/9) nhiz Qv jn (Avt) Zv `i wbk U cöwiz n qwq jb wkš Zviv Zuv K Agvb K i d j Zviv Avj vn&i Mh e cwzz nq ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) ej jb, Zvgiv GLvbKvi Kzqvi cvwb cvb K iv bv, H cvwb Z Ihy K iv bv GLvbKvi cvwb w` q hw` AvUvi Lvgxi K i _vk, Z e Zv DU K LvB q `vi, wb Riv L qv bv wzwb 4. ingvzzwj j Avjvgxb 1/136 5. eylvix nv/4154 6

ej jb, nhiz Qv jn (Avt)-Gi Dóªx h Kzqv _ K cvwb cvb KiZ, Zvgiv mb Kzqv _ K cvwb msmön K ivõ wzwb AviI e jb, Zvgiv MhecÖvß Qvg~` `i Nievwo Z cö ek Ki e bv Zvgiv Kuv` Z Kuv` Z GB vb AwZµg Ki e AZtci wzwb gv_v bxpz Ki jb Ges `ª Z D³ GjvKv AwZµg Ki jbõ 6 ï SY vq cvwbi mªvz : AZtci Zvey Ki wbkuezx cuš Q ivm~j (Qvt) ej jb, ÔAvMvgxKvj BbkvAvj vn Zvgiv Zvey Ki SY vi wbk U cušq e Z e w`b Mig niqvi c~ e Zvgiv mlv b cušq Z cvi e bv hw` Zvgiv KD Av M cuš Q hvi, Z e Avwg bv cušqv ch š hb KD SY vi cvwb úk bv K iõ nhiz gyôavh (ivt) e jb, wkš Avgiv wm q `wl Avgv `i `yõrb jvk Av MB cuš Q M Q Ges wkqz cvwbi cvb K i Q (nqzev Zviv ivm~ ji wb ` k Rvb Z cv iwb) G mgq Lye aximwz Z cvwb AvmwQj ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) Zv `i wkqz ekvskv Ki jb AZtci SY v _ K AÄwj f i GKUz GKUz K i cvwb wb jb I mâq Ki jb Ges Zv w` q ^xq nvz I gylgêj ašz Ki jb AZtci H cvwb cybivq SY vq wb c Ki jb d j SY vq ZxeªMwZ Z cvwbi cöevn m wó nõj Ges Aí mg qi g a wecyj cvwb ivwk Rgv n q Mj Qvnvev q Kivg Z wß mnkv i cvwb cvb Ki jb Gmgq ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) gyôavh K j K i ej jb, Ôhw` Avj vn Zvgvi nvqvz `vivh K ib, Z e Zzwg GB vbwu K meyr-k vgj evwmpvq c~y `L Z cv eõ 7 cw_g a A_ev ZveyK cušqvi ci ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) mevb K ej jb, AvR iv Z Zvgv `i Dci cöej ( ) evjy So e q h Z cv i AZGe Zvgv `i KD hb bv `uvovq hv `i DU Av Q, Zviv hb DU K k³fv e eu a iv LÕ `Lv Mj h, cöej e M So G jv ZLb (m ezt KŠZ~nj e k) GKRb D V `uvov jv d j So Zv K Dwo q wb q ÔZ vbõ Mv Îi `yb cvnv oi ( ) gvslv b wb c KijÕ 8 Qvjv Z Rgv I K Qi : 6. eylvix nv/423 7. gymwjg nv/2282 8. eylvix nv/1411; gymwjg nv/2283 c_ PjvKvjxb mg q ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbqg wqj GB h, wzwb me `v hvni I AvQ i Ges gvmwie I Gkv Z Rgv (I K Qi) Ki Zb G Z Rgv ZvK `xg I Rgv ZvLxi `ywub nõz ÔZvK `xgõ A_ k li QvjvZwU c~ e i Qvjv Zi mv _ GK Î cov Ges ÔZvLxiÕ A_ cö_ gi QvjvZwU k liwui mv _ GK Î hy³ K i cov Zvey K Dcw wz Ges ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mvimf Dc `kevyx : gymwjg evwnbx Zvey K AeZiY K i h_vixwz wkwei vcb Kij Ges ivgk `i A c v Ki Z _vkj GB Ae vq Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) GB RvbœvZcvMj mbv` ji D Ï k GKwU msw ß I mvimf ( ) fvly `vb K ib hv wqj AZxe i Z c~y Ges `ywbqv I Av Liv Zi Rb Kj vyki DK ev web Av gi (ivt) KZ K ewy Z Ges evqnvk x `vjv qj I nv Kg nõ Z D Z D³ fvlywu K gvbq~icyix (int) 50wU µwg K fvm K i ck K i Qb AvgivI muvi AbymiY Kijvg nvg` I Qvbvi c i ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e jb, - - - - 1. me vwak mz evyx nõj Avj vn&i wkzve 2. Ges me P q gheyz nvzj nõj ZvK Iqvi Kv jgv 3. me P q DËg Øxb nõj Beivnx gi Øxb - - - - 4. kªô ZixKv nõj gynv v `i ZixKv 5. m e vëg evyx nõj Avj vn&i whki 6. miv Kvwnbx nõj GB KziAvb - - - - 7. kªô KvR nõj ` p msk íi KvR 8. wbk ó KvR nõj kixôav Z m ó we`ôavz mg~n 9. my `izg n`vqvz nõj bexm Yi n`vqvz - - - 10. kªô g Zz nõj knx`x g Zz 11. miv AÜZ nõj n`vqvz jv fi c i c_åó niqv - - - 12. kªô Avgj ZvB hv Kj vyki 13. kªô ZixKv muvb 7

hv Abym Z nq - - - 14. miv AÜZ nõj ü` qi AÜZ 15. Dc ii nvz DËg bx Pi nv Zi PvB Z - - - 16. Aí I h _ó gvj DËg H ekx gvj n Z hv (gvbyl K Avj vn _ K) Mv dj K i `q 17. wbk ó ZIev nõj g Zz Kvjxb ZIev - - - 18. miv j¾v nõj wk qvg Zi w` bi j¾v 19. jvk `i g a Ggb wkqz jvk Av Q, hviv RygÔAvq Av m mevi k l - - - 20. Ggb wkqz jvk i q Q, hviv Avj vn K Lye KgB iy K i 21. me P q eo Mvbvn nõj wg_ v K_v ejv - - - 22. kªô cövpzh nõj ü` qi cövpzh 23. miv cv _q nõj Avj vnfxwz - - - 24. miv cöáv nõj Avj vn&i fq 25. ü`qmg~ n hv m vb D `ªK K i, Zv nj ` p wek vm - - - 26. (Avj vn m ú K ) m `n m wó Kzdixi Aš f y³ 27. g Zi Rb D t ^ i KvbœvKvwU Kiv Rv njx ixwzi Aš f y³ - - - 28. (MYxgZ _ K) Pzwi Rvnvbœv gi ùzwj½ 29. gv`kzv Rvnvbœv gi UzKiv - - - 30. (bó) KweZv Bejx mi Ask 31. g` mkj cv ci Drm - - - 32. wbk ózg Lv` nõj BqvZx gi gvj f Y 33. mšfvm evb nõj mb, h A b i _ K Dc `k MÖnY K i - - - 34. nzfvmv mb h gv qi cu _ KB nzfvmv nq 35. miv Avgj nõj kl Avgj - - - 36. wbk ó ^cœ nõj wg_ v ^cœ 37. huv fwel Z n e, muv me `v wbkuezx - - - 38. gywgb K Mvwj `Iqv dv mkx 39. Zv K nz v Kiv Kzdix - - - 40 MxeZ Kiv Avj vn&i Aeva Zvi Aš f y³ 41. gywg bi gvj A b i Rb nvivg, hgb Zvi i³ nvivg - - - 42. h e w³ Avj vn&i Dc i eovb K i, Avj vn Zv K wg_ v cöwzcbœ K ib 43. h e w³ gv K i, Zv K gv Kiv nq - - - 44. h gvd K i `q, Avj vn Zv K gvd K ib 45. h e w³ µva `gb K i, Avj vn Zv K cyi Z K ib - - - 8

46. wec ` h ˆah aviy K i Avj vn Zv K DËg e`jv `vb K ib 47. h e w³ kvbv K_vi AbymiY K i, Avj vn Zvi j¾v K me Î ïwb q `b - - - 48. h e w³ Qei K i, Avj vn Zv K wø Y `j K ib 49. h e w³ Avj vn&i Aeva Zv K i, Avj vn Zv K kvw w` q _v Kb - - 50. AZtci wzwb wzbevi Avj vn&i wbk U gv cöv_ bv K ib Ges fvly kl K ib 9 ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi D³ fvly zr wccvmvq KvZi I `xn md i K vš -kªvš mbvevwnbxi Aš i Cgv bi R vwz K D vwmz K i Zv j mk j Kó fy j cökvš wp Ë Avj vn&i mš wó AR b g bvwb ek K ib webv hy Rq : Avj vn&i Mv qex g`` : gymwjg evwnbxi Zvey K Dcw wzi Lei ï b ivgk I Zv `i wgîiv GZB fxz n q coj h, Zviv gykvwejvi wn Z nvwi q djj Ges Zviv Zv `i mxgv š i Af š i wewfbœ kn i wew ß n q Qwo q coj ZrKvjxb wek kw³i GB webvhy cjvq bi d j mg Avie DcØx c gymwjg kw³i Rb Ggb me AhvwPZ ivr bwzk myweavw` G b w`j, hv hy K i AR b Kiv m e nõz bv hgb- (1) Avqjvi ( ) L óvb kvmbkz v BDnvbœvn web i Õevn ( ) ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wl`g Z nvwhi n q mwü K ib Ges Zuv K wrwhqv cö`vb K ib (2) Abyiƒcfv e Avhi n ( ) I Rviev ( )-Gi bz e ` G m wrwhqv cö`vb K ib ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) Zv `i cö Z K K mwüi Pzw³bvgv cö`vb K ib, hv Zv `i Kv Q iw Z _v K ïaygvî wrwhqvi wewbg q Zv `i Rvb-gvj- BhhZ I a g i ^vaxbzv A zyœ ivlvi M vivw U `Iqv nq (3) Gici Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) `~gvzzj Rv `v ji kvmbkz v DKvqw` ii ( ) wbk U 420 Rb Ak v ivnx ˆm b i GKwU evwnbx mn Lv j` web Iqvjx` K cöiy K ib hvîvkv j wzwb e j `b h, Zzwg Zv K Rsjx bxj Mvfx wkkvi Kiv Ae vq `L Z cv eõ 10 muvb nõj Puv`bx iv Z `ym wu cwi vi `Lv hvq, Ggb `~i Z cuš Q M j nvvr `Lv Mj h, GKwU bxj Mvfx R½j _ K ewi q G m `ym Øv i wks w` q uzv gvi Q Ggb mgq DKvqw`i MvfxUv K wkkvi Kivi Rb jvkrb wb q ei n jb GB my hv M Lv j` Zv K e `x K i dj jb Gfv e ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi fwel ØvYx Kvh Ki nq 11 DKvqw`i ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi `iev i Avbv nõj AZtci 2000 DU, 800 `vm, 400 jšneg I 400 ek v `evi k Z Ges wrwhqv Ki cö`v b ^xk Z niqvq Zvi m ½ mwüpzw³ m úvw`z nõj hgb BwZc~ e Avqjvn, ZveyK, I Zvqgvi mv _ m úvw`z n qwqj GKBfv e ivgk `i wgî Ab vb MvÎmg~n Zv `i cyiv bv gwbe `i Q o gymjgvb `i wbk U G m ˆgÎxeÜ b Ave nõj Gfv e G Kev ib webvhy Ges Kvbiƒc Rvbgv ji q- wz QvovB Avj vn&i Mv qex g` ` g`xbvi Bmjvgx Ljvd Zi mxgvbv we Z n q ivg mvgªv R i cövš mxgv ch š cuš Q Mj dvwjj vwnj nvg&` webv hy knx` : hyj evrv`v qb : Zvey K Ae vb Kvjxb mg q Zi Y Qvnvex Avãyj vn hyj evrv`v qb ( ) -Gi g Zz n q hvq GB wbt ^-wezvwoz kvnv`vz wcqvmx gynvwri Zi Yi Rxeb Kvwnbx AZxe PgKcÖ` I wk vcö` wkï Ae vq wcz nviv Avãyj Dhhv g vq Zvi PvPvi Kv Q cöwzcvwjz nb Zi Y eq m PvPvi DU-eKix Piv bvb wqj Zvi KvR BwZg a Bmjv gi ÄbaŸwb Zvi Kv Q cuš Q hvq wzwb ZInx `i cöwz AvK ó nb wkš PvPvi f q cökvk K ibwb nvvr g v werq mewkqz K IjU-cvjU K i w`j hyek Avãyj Dhhvi jy vwqz Cgvb dêy mªvz n q ewi q G jv PvPvi mvg b wm q Bmjvg Key ji AbygwZ PvB jb PvPv Zv K mkj gvj-m ú` _ K ewâz Kivi ûgwk w` jb GgbwK Zvi ` ni cwiwnz e ch š wqwb q wb jb d j bmœ Ae vq Qz U gv qi Kv Q M jb Mf avwiyx gv Zvi G Ae v ` L Ku ` dj jb I GKUv K ^j Zv K w` jb Avãyj Dhhv muv K wqu o `yõfvm K i GKfvM ` ni wbgœfv M I GKfvM EaŸ fv M cwiavb K i k~b nv Z Pj jb g`xbv Awfgy L c Kvj c i g`xbv cuš Q dr ii mgq gmwr ` beex Z ivm~ ji m y L Dcw Z nõ jb ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) Zvi mek_v ï b `yt L wemwjz nõ jb bvg cvwë q ivl jb ÔAvãyj vnõ jke w` jb Ôhyj evrv`v qbõ ( ) Ô`yB UzKiv K ^j IqvjvÕ 9. hv`yj gvôav` 1/462; wmjwmjv hcdvn nv/2059 10. evqnvk x nv/18422 11. mxiv Z Be b wnkvg 2/526 9

gmwr `i AvwObvq Aew Z ÔAvQnv e QzddvÕ-i g a Zv K kvwgj Kiv nõj mlv b wzwb wecyj AvMÖ n KziAvb wkl Z _v Kb Zvi KziAv bi aÿwb A bk mgq gyqj x `i Qvjv Z e vnvz NUv Zv GKw`b Igi dviƒk (ivt) G wel q Awf hvm Ki j ivm~j (Qvt) e jb, Igi I K wkqz e jv bv Avj vn I ivm~ ji Rb m me ^ Z vm K i G m QÕ Ggb mgq Zvey Ki hy i NvlYv P j Av m Avãyj vn Qz U ivm~ ji `iev i G m hy hvevi AbygwZ Pvb `qvi bex Zv K Mv Qi GKUv Qvj wb q Avm Z e jb QvjwU wb q ivm~j (Qvt) Zvi nv Z eu a w` q Avj vn&i wbk U cöv_ bv K ib, Ô n Avj vn! Avwg Kvwdi `i Rb Gi i³ nvivg KiwQÕ Avãyj vn ej jb, n ivm~j! Avwg h kvnv`v Zi KvOvjÕ ivm~j (Qvt) ej jb, hw` Zzwg Lv ` i müv b ei ni, Avi iš `ªi DËvc e o hvq I Zvgvi g Zz nq, Zv ZI Zzwg knx` wnmv e MY n eõ G Z eysv hvq h, kvnv`v Zi GKvš Kvgbv wb q weqvbvq g Zz eiy Ki ji wzwb knx` wnmv e MY n eb Zvi fv M muvb `Lv Mj ZveyK cuš Q nvvr iš`ªzvc e o M j mlv bb Zuvi g Zz nq ejvj web nv iq Avj-gyhvbx e jb, ivwî Z Zvi `vdbkvh m úbœ nq ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi gyiqvhwhb ejv ji nv Z PivM wqj AveyeKi I Igi Zvi jvk enb K i Av bb ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) wb R Ke i bv gb Ges e jb, Ô Zvgiv `yõrb Zvgv `i fvb K Avgvi wbk U G b `viõ AZtci Zv K Ke i KvZ K i kvqv bvi mgq wzwb e jb, - Ô n Avj vn! AvR mü v ch š Avwg G hye Ki Dc i Lykx wqjvg ZzwgI Gi Dc i Lykx niõ Zvi `vdbkv h i GB ` k ` L Avãyj vn Be b gvme` (ivt) e j I Vb, Ônvq! GB Ke i hw` Avwg nõzvg!õ 12 g`xbvi c _ ivm~j (Qvt) : 20 w`b Zvey K Ae v bi 13 ci Ges vbxq Lªxóvb I Ab vb MvÎ wji mv _ mwüpzw³ m úv` bi gva g ivgk evwnbxi mv _ Kvbiƒc msnl I i³ q QvovB werq m úbœ I mymsnz Kivi ci Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) g`xbvi c _ iiqvbv nõ jb gybvwdk bzv Avãyj vn Be b DevB Be b myj~j mvaviy gymjgvb `i GB e j 12. mxiv Z Be b wnkvg 2/528 13. gvbq~icyix Zvey K Ae v bi gqv` GK gvm e j Qb Ges md ii gqv` 50 w`b e j Qb (ivngvzzwj j Avjvgxb 1/137, 144 auvkv w` qwqj h, ivg mgªvu nõ jb Aa c w_exi kvmk Zuvi mywkw Z wekvj mbvevwnbxi m ½ jovb q gynv v `i GBme wbt ^ evwnbx dzrkv i D o hv e Avi Ô Zvgiv wbwðš _v Kv h, gynv v` Avi KL bvb g`xbvq wd Z cvi e bv ivg mgªvu Zv `i MÖdZvi K i wewfbœ ` k cvwv q ` eõ wkš webv i³cv Z hy R qi ci hlb ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) I Zuvi mv_xmy mnvm e` b g`xbvq wd i Pj jb, ZLb D³ gybvwdk bzvi Mvcb mv_x hviv wqj, Zviv cögv` Y jv Ges ivm~j K cw_g a B nz vi cwikíbv wbj ivm~j (Qvt)- K nz vi Póv : gyevikcyix e jb, g`xbvq divi c _ ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) GKwU mskxy wmwimsku AwZµg KiwQ jb G mgq Zuvi mv _ Kej Av vi web Bqvwmi I ûhvqdv Bebyj Bqvgvb wq jb cö_ gv³ Rb ivm~ ji Dóªxi jvmvg a i mvg b nuvuwq jb Ges k lv³ Rb wcq b _ K Dóªx nuvkvw Q jb gymwjg evwnbx ZLb wcq b DcZ Kvq wqj 12 Rb gybvwdk hviv GZ Y my hv Mi A c vq wqj, Zviv gy Lvk c i `ª Z GwM q G m H wmwimsk U cö ek Kij Ges wcqb _ K AZwK Z ivm~j K nz v Ki Z D` Z nj nvvr c`k ã ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) wcqb wd i ZvKvb Ges ûhvqdv K I `i VKv bvi wb ` k `b ûhvqdv Zuvi Xvj w` q I `i evnb wji gy Li Dc i AvNvZ Ki Z _v Kb G ZB Avj vn&i B Qvq Zviv fxz n q wcqb wd i `Šo w` q `ª Z mbvevwnbxi g a nvwi q hvq Gfv eb gybvwdkiv Ab vb mg qi b vq Gev ii ivm~ ji wz mva b e _ nõj hgb Avj vn e jb, ÔZviv P qwqj muvb Ki Z, hv Zviv cv iwbõ (ZIevn 9/74) ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) Zv `i mk ji bvg I Zv `i Am`y Ïk m ú K AewnZ K ib Z e m wj me mg cökvk Ki Z wb la K ib GKvi Y ûhvqdv K Ôivm~ ji Mvcb inm we`õ e j AwfwnZ Kiv nq mkviy G `i m ú K ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e jb, ÔAvgvi D Zi g a 12 Rb gybvwdk i q Q, hviv Rvbœv Z cö ek Ki e bv Ges Rvbœv Zi mymwüi cv e bv Zv `i Rvbœv Z hviqv Hiƒc Am e, hiƒc m~u Pi wq`ªc _ D Ui cö ek Am eõ 14 g`xbvq KD gviv M j Igi (ivt) Zvi Rvbvhvq hviqvi c~ e LuvR wb Zb ûhvqdv hv Qb wk-bv 14. gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/5917 10

ûhvqdv bv M j wzwb h Zb bv, GB Kvi Y h, hw` H g Z e w³ H gybvwdk `i ga Kvi KD nq 15 g`xbvq Dcw wz I g`xbvevmxi Awfb `b : `~i nõ Z `L Z c q Lykx Z ivm~j (Qvt) e j I Vb ÔGB h g`xbv, GB h I nv`õ ÔGB cvnvo h Avgv `i fvjev m Ges Avgiv hv K fvjevwmõ 16 g`xbvi bvix-wkï I evj Kiv Ni _ K ewi q G m wecyj Drmv n ivm~j (Qvt) I Zuvi Mwe Z mbvevwnbx K Awfb `b Rvwb q M q I Vb- * * ÔQvwbqvZzj we`v wujv nõ Z Avgv `i Dc i c~y P `ªi D`q n q QÕ 17 ÔAvgv `i Dc i ïkwiqv IqvwRe n q M Q, hzw`b hvez AvnŸvbKvix Avj vn K AvnŸvb Ki eõ (A_ vr wk qvgz ch š ) 18 gvbq~icyix I gyevikcyix KweZv cv Vi GB NUbvwU g`xbvq wnrizkv j e j Qb 19 Z e GwU `yõev i niqvuv wewpî bq D j L h, GUvB wqj ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Rxe bi me kl hy 50 w` bi GB md i 30 w`b hvzvqv Z I 20 w`b wqj Zvey K Ae vb ire gv m Mgb I ivgvhvb gv m cöz vez b g`xbvq divi ciezx NUbvejx : (1) gybvwdk `i Ihi Keyj : g`xbvq cuš Q ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) me cö_g gmwr ` beex Z `yõivkôavz QvjvZ Av`vq K ib AZtci mlv bb jvkr bi mv _ e m c ob GB mgq 80 R bi AwaK jvk G m Zv `i hy Mgb bv Kivi c bvbv Ihi-AvcwË ck K i gv PvB Z _v K ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) Zv `i gv K i `b I AvbyM Z i evqôavz MÖnY K ib Ges Zv `i wfzikvi Mvcb welqmg~n Avj vn&i Dc i Q o `b ) ( Z e G `i Ihi mg~n h KcUZvc~Y wqj, m wel q Avj vn m~iv ZIevi 94-98 Avqv Z ey bv K i Qb Ges ivm~j ivhx nõ ji Avj vn h KL bv Zv `i Dc i ivhx n eb bv, mk_v e j `b hgb Avj vn 15. wgiôavz 1/140 Ôûhvqdvi RxebxÕ `ªóe 16. Avngv`, gyëvdvk AvjvBn, Qnxûj Rv gô nv/7011 17. wmjwmjv hcdvn nv/598 18. hv`yj gvôav` 3/10; Avi-ivnxK c t 436 19. ivngvn 1/95; Avi-ivnxK c t 172 UxKv e jb, - ÔZviv GRb kc_ Ki e hb Zvgiv Zv `i cöwz ivhx n q hvi AZtci hw` Zvgiv Zv `i cöwz ivhx n q hvi, Z e Avj vn Zv dv mk KI gi Dci ivhx nb bvõ (ZIev 9/96) Gfv eb gybvwdk `i mv _ gywgb `i cv_ K cwiùzu n q hvq Avj vn&i fvlvq ÔAvj vn gywgb `i K ez gvb Ae vq Q o w` Z cv ib bv, hz Y bv bvcvk jvk wj K cweî `i _ K c _K K i `bõ (Av j Bgivb 3/179) Aek Avãyj vn Be b DevB I Zvi `jej D³ 80 R bi g a wqj bv 20 (2) wcq b _vkv wzbrb LuvwU gywg bi Ae v : AvbQvi `i wzbrb kª vfvrb e w³, hviv mªd mvgwqk wepz wzi Kvi Y hy Mgb _ K wcq b wq jb, Zuviv Ihi- AvcwË bv Zz j mivmwi mz K_v e jb Guiv n jb, 1- nhiz KvÔe web gv jk, whwb g vq HwZnvwmK evqôav Z AvK vevq AskMÖnYKvix 73 Rb cyi l Qvnvexi Ab Zg wq jb 2- gyivivn Bebyi ivexô Ges 3- njvj Beby DgvBqv Guiv mevb AZ š gyl jq Ges ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv _ wewfbœ wrnv ` AskMÖnYKvix Qvnvex wq jb Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) Zuv `i Ihi Keyj Ki jb Ges Zv `i K c~y mgvrpz wzi wb ` k w` jb AZtci Zv `i ZIev Key ji welqwu Avj vn&i Dc i Q o w` jb Zv `i wei eqku Pwj k w`b AwZevwnZ nq Gwi g a Zv `i Ae v KwVb AvKvi aviy Kij AvcbRb I eüz-evüe KD Zv `i w` K wd ii ZvKvq bv K_vI e j bv mvjvg w` ji Reve `q bv gyl wdwi q P j hvq GB `ywe ln Rxe b `yt L- e`bvq cövy IôvMZ nevi Dcµg nõj Pwj k w` bi gv_vq Zv `i cöwz x _ K c _K _vkvi wb ` k G jv d j Zviv ^ ^ x `i wcz M n cvwv q w` jb hv Zv `i Ae v K AviI mskuvcbœ K i Zzjj Zviv me `v Avj vn&i `iev i Ku ` eyk fvmv Z _v Kb GB eqku PjvKv j nhiz KvÔe web gv jk Av ikwu KwVb cix vi m ylxb nb Mvmmvb AwacwZ Zuvi wbk U GKwU cî cvwv q Zv `i wzbr bi cöwz mnvbyf~wz Rvbvb Ges KvÔe K Zuvi `iev i Avgš Y Rvbvb c Î ejv nq h, ÔAvgiv Rvb Z c iwq h, Zvgv `i gwbe Zvgv `i cöwz D c v cö`k b K i Qb Avj vn Zvgv K jvãbv I Aegvbbvi Rb iv Lbwb Ges Zvgv K bó Ki Z Pvb bv 20. dvrûj evix 8/119 11

Zzwg Avgv `i Kv Q P j G mv Avgiv Zvgvi cöwz Lqvj ivle I h _vchy³ gh v`v `eõ wpwv c ob KvÔe e jb, GUvI GKwU cix võ wzwb e jb, Gici Avwg cîuv wbku GKUv R jš Pzjvq wb c KijvgÕ AZtci 50 w` bi gv_vq Zv `i Lv jq ZIev Keyj nõj Ges AvqvZ bvwhj nõj wb gœv³- - ÔGes Avj vn `qvkxj nb mb wzb e w³i Dc i, hviv (wrnv` _ K) wcq b wqj Zv `i Ae v Ggb n qwqj h, cök hgxb Zv `i Dc i mskxy n q c owqj I Zv `i Rxeb `ywe ln n q D VwQj Ges Zviv ` p wek vm cvly K iwqj h, Avj vn e ZxZ Zv `i Ab Kvb Avkªq j bb AZtci Avj vn Z `i ZIev Keyj K ib hv Z Zviv wd i Av m wbðqb Avj vn ZIev KeyjKvix I `qvevbõ (ZIevn 9/118) ZIev Key ji D³ AvqvZ bvwh ji mv _ mv _ gywgb `i g a Avb `i XD D V Mj mk j `vb-qv`vk vq wjß nõj Ggb Avb ` Zviv Rxe b cvqwb GUvB wqj hb Zv `i Rxe bi miv mšfvm gq w`b KvÔe web gvwjk Zvi evoxi Qv ` wbtm½fv e `yt L- e`bvq c owq jb Ggb mgq wbkuezx wmjvô ( ) cvnv oi Dci _ K AveyeKi (ivt)-gi AvIqvh kvbv Mj- Ô n KvÔe! mymsev` MÖnY KiÕ (ivngvzzjwjj Avjvgxb 1/344-45) KvÔe e jb, G msev` ï bb Avwg wmr`vq c o hvb AZtci `Š o ivm~ ji `iev i P j hvb eüz-evüe Pviw`K _ K Qz U G m Awfb `b Rvbv Z _v K mviv g`xbvq Avb `i eb v e q hvq ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) nv m v¾ j gy L Avgv K e jb, Ômymsev` MÖnY Ki! R b i ci _ K Ggb Avb `i w`b Zvgvi Rxe b Avi KL bv Av mwbõ Avwg ejjvg, n Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt)! G ( gv) Avcbvi c _ K, bv Avj vn&i c _ K? wzwb ej jb, bv, G Zv Avj vn&i c _ K Avwg ejjvg, n ivm~j! Gi ïkwiqv ^iƒc Avwg Avgvi mg m ú` Avj vn&i iv n Qv`vK v Ki Z PvB ivm~j (Qvt) ej jb, bv Avwg ejjvg, A a K ivm~j ej jb, bv Avwg ejjvg, GK-Z Zxqvsk ivm~j ej jb, nü v Z e GUvI Lye ekx 21 (3) mwz Kv ii AcviM `i Rb mymsev` : g`xbvq Ggb eû gywgb wq jb, hviv g bi w`k w` q me Y ivm~ ji mv_x wq jb, wkš kvixwik `ye jzv wksev Avw_ K AcviMZvi Kvi Y ev Awbevh Kvb KviYekZt hy h Z cv ibwb Zv `i GB e _ Zvi Rb Zviv hgb `ytwlz I jw¾z wq jb, Zgwb fxz wq jb GRb h, Avj vn Zv `i gv Ki eb wk-bv Avj vn Zv `i Aš ii Lei iv Lb ZvB Zv `i gvi mymsev` w` q AvqvZ bvwhj nõj- - Ô Kvb Awf hvm bb Hme jvk `i cöwz, hviv `ye j, ivmvµvš Ges (hy i md i) e qfvi en b A g, hlb Zviv Avj vn I ivm~ ji cöwz Avš wik wbôv cvly Ki e m`vpvix jvk `i wei Kvb Awf hvm bb Avi Avj vn gvkxj I `qvevbõ (ZIevn 9/91) Aek g`xbvi wbkuezx cuš Q Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) GBme jvk `i cöwz Bw½Z K i e jwq jb,. Ôg`xbvq Ggb wkqz jvk i q Q h, Zvgiv hlv bb mdi K iq, ev h DcZ Kv AwZµg K iq, Zviv me `v Zvgv `i m ½ _ K Q QvnvexMY ej jb, n ivm~j! Zviv g`xbvq _ KI Avgv `i m ½ wqj? ivm~j (Qvt) ej jb, nü v Zviv g`xbvq _ KI Zvgv `i m ½ wqj Ihi Zv `i K AvU K i LwQjÕ 22 (4) gybvwdk `i cöwz K Vvi nevi wb ` k jvf Ges gmwr ` hivi aÿsm : ZveyK hy i mgq gybvwd Kiv h b v virbk f~wgkv cvjb K iwqj, Zv wqj gvi A hvm we kl K i ewntkw³ ivgk evwnbx K g`xbv Avµg Yi AvnŸvb Rvbv bv I Zvi Rb loh š i AvLov wnmv e K vevq ÔgmwR ` hiviõ wbg vy wqj ixwzgz ivóª `ªvwnZvg~jK Aciva G cöw Z G `i AcZrciZv hv Z Avi e w c Z bv cv i Ges ivm~ ji D`viZv K Zviv `ye jzv bv 21. eylvix nv/4418, gymwjg nv/2769 22. eylvix nv/4423; H, wgkkvz nv/3815; Beby gvrvn nv/2765 12

fv e, mkviy Avj vn cvk ^xq ivm~j K Zv `i e vcv i K Vvi nevi Av `k bvwhj K i e jb, - Ô n bex! Kv di I gybvwdk `i wei wrnv` Ki b I Zv `i cöwz K Vvi ndb Zv `i wvkvbv nõj Rvnvbœvg Ges KZB bv g ` wvkvbv mwuõ (ZIevn 9/73) GLv b gybvwdk `i mv _ wrnv `i A_ nõj gšwlk wrnv` Kbbv Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) KL bvb Zv `i wei mk hy K ibwb ev Zv `i K nz v K ibwb gmwr ` hivi P~Y : ivgk `i K `ªf~wg wmwiqv _ K lohš Kvix Avey Av gi Avi-iv ne-gi cî gvzv ek g`xbvi 12 Rb gybvwdk K vev gmwr `i A`~ i GKwU gmwr` wbg vy K i Ges ivm~j K mlv b GK Iqv³ QvjvZ Av`v qi gva g D Øvab K i `Iqvi Aby iva K i GUv Zv `i Pµvš I A msmö ni K `ª nõ ji mvaviy gymjgvb `i auvkv `Iqvi Rb gmwr` bvg `q Ges ivm~j K mlv b wm q QvjvZ Av`v qi `viqvz `q ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) mij g b `viqvz Keyj K ib Ges ZveyK hy _ K wd i G m mlv b hv eb e j Iqv`v K ib wkš ZveyK _ K divi c _ g`xbvi wbkuezx nõ ZB Zvi wbk U gybvwdk `i H lohš duvm K i w` q wb gœv³ AvqvZ bvwhj nq, - ÔAvi hviv gmwr` ˆZix K i Q wz mva bi Rb, Kzdix e k Ges gywgb `i g a wefw³ m wói Rb I Avj vn I Zuvi ivm~ ji wei c~e _ KB hy Kvix `i NuvwU Kivi Rb Zviv Aek B kc_ K i ej e h, Avgiv m`y Ï k B GUv K iwq A_P Avj vn mv w` Qb h, Iiv Aek B wg_ vev`xõ ÔAvcwb KL bvb D³ gmwr ` `Êvqgvb n eb bvõ... (ZIevn 9/107) cök Z NUbv AewnZ n q g`xbvq Dcw Z niqvi ci Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) cöv_wgk KvRKg m i K qkrb Qvnvex K wb ` k w` jb gmwr` bvgk D³ loh š i NuvwU K uwo q I cywo q wbwðý K i w` q Avmvi Rb GB Av `k cvjbkvix `i g a Ab Zg wq jb Iqvn&kx web nvie, whwb I nv` hy ivm~ ji PvPv nhiz nvghv K nz v K iwq jb Zviv wm q D³ M nwu mg~ j DrcvwUZ K i cywo q wbwðý K i `b gmwr ` K vev _ K AbwZ`~ i D³ Awfkß vbwu AvRI weivb c o Av Q wkqzb mlv b R b bv GKUv cvwli mlv b e m bv KD mlv b Ni-evwoI wbg vy K i bv ivm~ ji hvgvbvq Qv ez web AvKiv gi fvm`l j vbwu wkqzw`b wqj wkš Zvi N i Kvb mš vbvw` nqwb ev euv Pwb d j RvqMvwU AvRI AwfkvcMÖ wnmv eb c o Av Q GB mgq m~iv ZIevq gybvwdk `i gy Lvk D b vpb K i A bk wj AvqvZ bvwhj nq d j Zviv mgv R wpwýz n q hvq Ges G Kev ib KvbVvmv n q c o (µgkt) 13

Avj vn I ivm~j (Qvt) m ú K KwZcq åvš AvK x`v (2q wkw ) Avj vn me Î weivrgvb bb : hyw³i wbwi L nv dh Avãyj gzxb* BwZc~ e ckk Z `jxjwfwëk Av jvpbv _ K cözxqgvb n q Q h, Avj vn me Î weivrgvb bb G wel q wb gœ hyw³wfwëk Av jvpbv ck Kiv nõj- (1) gvbyl hlb Qvjv Zi g a wmr`vebz _v K ZLb Zvi gb-cövy Kv_vq hvq? Aek B Dc ii w` K; bx Pi w` K bq (2) gvbyl hlb `yõnvz D Ëvjb K i `vôav K i, ZLb Kb Dc ii w` K nvz D Ëvjb K i? G Î gvby li we ek ej e, Avj vn Dc ib Av Qb; me Î bb (3) gvbyl hlb Uq j U hvq, ZLb wk mv _ gnvb Avj vn _v Kb? Avj vn&i kv b Ggb K_v ejv Pig a ózv Qvov wkqzb bq (4) gvbyl hgb Zvi wbwg Z evox m ú K meb ej Z cv i h, evox Z KqUv Ni Av Q, KqUv Av Q GK K_vq meb Zvi Rvbv Zgwb wek Rvnv bi mªóv Avi ki Dci mgvmxb _ K wek Rvnv bi me Lei iv Lb Avj vn Avi ki Dc i _vk ji Zuvi Ávb I gzv me e vcx (5) gvbyl hlv bb hvq mlv bb P `ª-m~h `L Z cvq g b nq m jv Zvi mv _B Av Q P `ªUv evsjv `k, fviz, me`x me RvqMv _ K gvbyl `L Z cvq P `ª Avj vn&ib m wó, Zv K me RvqMv _ K gvbyl `L Z cv Q A_P muv Avmgv bb Av Q Abyiƒc m wókz v Avj vn Avi ki Dci _ K mkj m wói me KvR `Lvïbv K ib- GUvB wek vm Ki Z n e (6) Bgvg Avey nvbxdv (int) e jb,. Ô h ej e h, Avj vn Avmgv b Av Qb, bv hgx b Av Qb Avwg Zv Rvwb bv, m Kzdix Ki e Abyiƒcfv e h ej e h, wzwb Avi k Av Qb wkš Avik AvKv k, bv hgx b * Gg.G ( kl el ), `viqvn I DQ~jyÏxb Abyl`, AvK x`v wefvm, g`xbv Bmjvgx wek we` vjq, me`x Avie Aew Z Avwg Zv Rvwb bv mi Kzdix Ki e Kbbv Dc i _vkvi Rb B Avj vn K WvKv nq; bx P _vkvi Rb bq Avi bx P _vkvuv Avj vn&i i e~weq vz Ges Dj~wnq v Zi Yi wkqzb bqõ 23 ZvB Avgiv ej Z cvwi h, Avj vn ZvÔAvjvi Avi ki Dci _vkvuvb kvfv cvq, bx P bq Kbbv Avj vn m wókz v, cöwzcvjk, wiwhk`vzv, Rxeb-g Zz me wkqzib gvwjk I nk Dcvm Zuvi Rb m wói Yi Kvb wkqzb kvfv cvq bv myzivs Avj vn ZvÔAvjv Avi ki Dci mgvmxb; me Î weivrgvb bb Avj vn me Î weivrgvb g g KziAvbyj Kvix gi hme AvqvZ D j L Kiv nq Zvi Reve wb gœ Av jvpbv Kiv nõj : (1) gnvb Avj vn e jb,. ÔAvKvk I hgx b wzwbb Avj vn, whwb Zvgv `i Mvcb I cökvk me wkqz Rv bb Ges Zvgiv hv AR b Ki muvi wzwb AeMZ Av QbÕ (AvbÔAvg 6/3) (2) Avj vn e jb,. ÔwZwbB Bjvn b fvgê j, wzwbb Bjvn f~z j Ges wzwb cöávgq, me ÁÕ (hyli d 43/84) Dc iv³ AvqvZØq ck K i hviv Avj vn me Î weivrgvb e j `vex K ib, Zv `i K_v evwzj Kbbv AvKv k hz m wó Av Q Zv `i mevi cöfy, gvôe~` Avj vnb Zviv mevb Avj vn&i Bev`Z K i Zgwb hviv hgx b Av Q Zv `i cöfy I gvôe~`i GKgvÎ Avj vn ZvivI mevb fq-fxwz mnkv i Avj vn&ib Bev`Z K i 24 (3) gnvb Avj vn e jb,. ÔZzwg wk j Ki bv, AvKvkgÊjx I c w_ex Z hv wkqz Av Q Avj vn Zv Rv bb? wzb e w³i g a Ggb Kvb Mvcb civgk nq bv hv Z PZz_ Rb wnmv e wzwb _v Kb bv Ges cuvp e w³i g a I Ggb Kvb Mvcb civgk nq bv, hv Z lôrb wnmv e wzwb _v Kb bv Zviv GZ` c v Kg nvk ev ekx nvk Zviv hlv bb _vkzk bv Kb Avj vn (Áv bi w`k w` q) Zv `i mv _ Av Qb AZtci 23. Bgvg Avey nvbxdv, Avj-wdK ûj AvemvZ, c t 51 24. Zvdmxi Be b KvQxi, 3q LÊ, c t 274 14

Zviv hv K i, wzwb Zv `i K wk qvg Zi w`b Zv Rvwb q w` eb wbðqb Avj vn me wel q mg K AeMZÕ (gyrv`vjvn 58/7) G AvqvZ Øviv A b K hyw³ ck K i e jb h, Avj vn me Î weivrgvb Zv `i G `vex wfwënxb KviY Bgvg Avngv` web nv ^j (int) e jb,. Ôgnvb Avj vn AvqvZwU Bjg ØvivB ïi K i Qb Ges Bjg ØvivB kl K i QbÕ 25 Gi gva g cözxqgvb nq h, Avj vn Áv bi gva g Zv `i mv _ Av Qb Bgvg Beby Zvqwgqv (int) e jb, ÔDwj wlz Avqv Zi e vl v n Q, Avj vn&i Ávb Zv `i m ½Õ wzwb Av iv e jb, ÔAvj vn ZvÔAvjv Avi ki Dci Ges Zuvi Ávb Zv `i me wkqz AewnZÕ 26 (4) Avj vn me Î weivrgvb e j A b K wb gœi AvqvZ ck K i hyw³ `q-. Ô Zvgiv hlv bb _vk bv Kb- wzwb (Rvbvi w`k w` q) Zvgv `i m ½ Av Qb, Zvgiv hv wkqz Ki Avj vn Zv ` LbÕ (nv`x` 57/4) Bqvn&Bqv web IQgvb e jb, ÔAvgiv GK_v eje bv, hfv e Rvnwgq vn m cö`vq e j h, Avj vn me Î weivrgvb, mewkqzi mv _ wg k Av Qb Ges Avgiv Rvwb bv h wzwb Kv_vq; eis eje Avj vn ZvÔAvjv ^qs Avi ki Dci mgvmxb, Avi Zuvi Ávb, gzv, `Lv-ïbv mevi mv _ GUvB D³ Avqv Zi A_ Beby Zvqwgqv e jb, hviv aviyv K i Avj vn me Î weivrgvb Zv `i K_v evwzj eis Avj vn ^qs Avi ki Dc i mgvmxb Ges Zuvi Ávb me Î i q Q 27 D³ Avqv Zi (nv`x` 4) e vl vq nv dh Beby KvQxi (int) e j Qb, :. ÔA_ vr wzwb Zvgv `i Dci ch e K Ges Zvgiv hlv bb _vk bv Kb wzwb Zvgv `i Kvh mg~ ni mv x Zvgiv f~fv M ev mgy `ª, iv Z ev w` b, evwo Z ev werb gi f~wg Z hlv bb Ae vb Ki bv Kb mewkqzb mgvbfv e Zuvi Ávb Ges Zuvi kªey I ` wói g a Av Q wzwb Zvgv `i K_v kv bb, Zvgvi Ae vb ` Lb Ges Zvgv `i Mvcb K_v I civgk Rv bbõ 28 DQgvb web mvc` Avi-`v igx e jb, ( : ). ÔwZwb Avi ki Dc i _ KB cö Z K Mvcb civgk I cö Z K e w³i mv _ Zuvi Áv bi gva g Dcw Z _v Kb Kbbv Zuvi Ávb Zv `i K cwi eób K i Av Q Ges Zuvi ` wó Zuv `i g a wµqvkxj Av Q Zuvi Ávb I ` wó _ K Kvb wkqzb Avovj Ki Z cv i bv Ges Zviv Zuvi wbku _ K Kvb wkqzb Mvcb Ki Z cv i bv wzwb Zuvi c~y mëvmn Zuvi m wó _ K `~ i Avi ki Dc i mgvmxb Av Qb wzwb Mvcb I myß welq Rv bb (Z -nv 7) wzwb Avi ki Dc i _ KB Zv `i Kv iv wbku Nv oi kvn im A c v wbk U Ae vb K ib Zuvi Rb GgbwU niqvi wel q wzwb m g KviY Kvb wkqzb Zuvi _ K `~ i bq Ges AvKvkgÊjx I hgx bi Kvb wkqzb Zuvi wbku Mvcb _v K bv wzwb Mvcb civg k i mgq PZz_ Rb, câg Rb I lôrb wnmv e Avwef ~Z nb Z e wzwb ^qs Zuvi mëvmn Zv `i mv _ c w_ex Z weivrgvb bbõ 29 (5) ÔAvwg Zvi Nv oi kvn im A c vi wbkuziõ (K vd 50/16) Ab Î Avj vn e jb,. ÔAvi Avwg Zvgv `i A c v Zvi wbkuzi, wkš Zvgiv `L Z cvi 25. Zvdmxi Be b KvQxi, 8/12-13; Bgvg Avngv`, Avi-ivÏy Avjvj Rvnwgq vn, c t 49-51 26. gvrg~e dvzviqv 5/188-89 27. gvrg~e dvzviqv 5/191-93 28. Zvdmxi Be b KvQxi, 7g LÊ, c t 560 29. DQgvb web mvc` Av`-`v igx, Avi-ivÏy Avjvj Rvnwgq vn, ZvnKxK : e`i web Avãyj vn e`i (Kz qz : `vi Bewbj AvQxi, 2q ms iy, 1995), c t 43-44 15

bvõ (IqvwK ÔAvn 56/85) hviv G AvqvZ Øviv `jxj ck K i e jb, Avj vn me Î weivrgvb Zv `i aviyv wvk bq GLv b Dfq Avqv Zi D Ïk n Q- Avj vn ZvÔAvjvi d ikzviv gvby li wbkuezx hgb Ab Î Avj vn ZvÔAvjv e jb,. ÔAvwg KziAvb AeZxY K iwq Ges AvwgB Gi msi YKvixÕ (wnri 9) GLv b D Ïk n Q- Avj vn ZvÔAvjvi AbygwZµ g wreixj (Avt) ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbku cweî KziAvb cuš Q w` q Qb Abyiƒcfv e d ikzvmy Avj vn ZvÔAvjvi AbygwZµ g I Zuvi cö`ë gzve j gvby li Nv oi kvn im A c v wbkuzi Avi gvby li Dci d ikzvi hgb cöfve _v K, Zgwb kqzv bii ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e j Qb,.. Ô Zvgv `i g a Ggb KD bb hvi mv _ Zvi wrb mnpi A_ev d ikzv mnpi wbhy³ K i `qv nqwb QvnvexMY wr Ám Ki jb, Avcbvi mv _I wk n Avj vn&i ivm~j? wzwb ej jb, Avgvi mv _I, Z e Avj vn ZvÔAvjv Zvi e vcv i Avgv K mvnvh K i Qb d j m Avgvi AbyMZ n q M Q m Avgv K Kej fvj Kv RiB civgk `qõ 30 Abyiƒcfv e ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e j Qb,. ÔkqZvb gvby li g a Zvi i ³i b vq wepiy K i _v KÕ 31 GRb B Avj vn ZvÔAvjv e jb, إ. Ô iy i Lv, `yb MÖnYKvix d ikzv Zvi Wv b I ev g e m Zvi Kg wjwce K iõ (K vd 50/17) Avj vn Av iv e jb,. Ôgvbyl h K_vB D PviY K i Zv wjwce Kivi Rb Zrci cönix Zvi wbk UB i q QÕ (K vd 18) Avgiv hv wkqz ewj meb d ikzviv wjwce K ib Avj vn e jb, ÔAek B i q Q Zvgv `i Rb ZË veavqkmy, m vwbz jlkem, Zviv Rv b Zvgiv hv KiÕ 32 30. gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/67 ÔCgvbÕ Aa vq 31. gyëvdvk AvjvBn, wgkkvz nv/68 ÔCgvbÕ Aa vq, ÔKzgš YvÕ Aby Q` 32. BbwdZvi 82/10-12; Zvdmxi Be b KvQxi, 7g LÊ, c t 404 Avj vgv gynv v` web Qv jn Avj-DQvqgxb e jb, Dfq Avqv Z wbkuezx eysv Z d ikzv `i wbkuezx niqv eysv Q A_ vr GLv b Dfq Avqv Zi D Ïk n Q d ikzvmy (1) cö_g Avqv Z (K vd 16) wbkuewz Zv K kz hy³ ( ) Kiv n q Q hgb ejv n q Q, - - - ÔAvwgB gvbyl K m wó K iwq Ges Zvi cöe wë Zv K h Kzgš Yv `q Zv Avwg Rvwb Avwg Zvi MÖxevw Z agbx A c vi wbkuzi iy i Lv, `yb MÖnYKvix d ikzv Zvi Wv b I ev g e m Zvi Kg wjwce K i; gvbyl h K_vB D PviY K i Zvi Rb Zrci cönix Zvi wbk UB i q QÕ (K vd 50/16-18) Dwj wlz Avqv Z kz Øviv eysv hvq h, `yõrb d ikzvi wbkuewz ZvB GLv b D Ïk (2) wøzxq Avqv Z (IqvwKÔAvn 85) wbkuewz Zv K g Zz Kvjxb mg qi mv _ kz hy³ ( ) Kiv n q Q Avi gvby li g Zz i mgq hviv Zvi wbku Dcw Z _v Kb Zviv n jb d ikzv hgb Avj vn ZvÔAvjv e jb,. ÔAe k l hlb Zvgv `i Kv iv g Zz Dcw Z nq ZLb Avgvi cöwiz `~ZMY Zvi cövy niy K i bq Ges Zviv Kvb Î wu K i bvõ (AvbÔAvg 6/61) Dwj wlz Avqv Z eysv hv Q h, Zviv n Qb d ikzv Zviv mlv b GKB v b Dcw Z _v Kb wkš Avgiv `L Z cvb bv 33 GLv b GKUv cökœ _ K hvq h, hw` AvqvZ `yõwu Z d ikzvb D Ïk n q _v K ZvnÕ j Avj vn wbkuewz Zv K wb Ri w` K Kb m úwk Z Ki jb? Gi Rev e ejv hvq h, d ikzv `i wbkuewz Zv K Avj vn wb Ri w` K m úwk Z K i Qb KviY Zvi wb ` kb Zviv gvby li wbkuezx n q Q Avi Zviv Zvi ˆmb I `~Z hgb Avj vn e jb, ÔhLb Avwg Dnv cvv Kwi Zzwg mb cv Vi AbymiY KiÕ (wk qvgvn 75/18) GLv b ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)-Gi wbku wreixj (Avt)-Gi 33. Avj-KvIqvB`yj gyqjv dx wqdvwzj vwn Iqv Avmgvwqwnj ûmbv, c t 70-71 16

KziAvb cvv D Ïk A_P Avj vn cvv K wb Ri w` K m úwk Z K i Qb Avj vn&i wb ` k h nzz wreixj ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)-Gi wbku KziAvb cvv K ib m nzz Avj vn KziAvb cvv K wb Ri w` K m úwk Z K i Qb 34 Avgiv KziAvb-nv`xQ _ K Ges Av jg `i _ K hv cvw Q Zv nõj Avj vn ZvÔAvjv Avi k mgvmxb; me Î weivrgvb bb KviY KziAvb-nv`x Qi mwvk A_ bv Rvbvi Kvi YB Avgiv fyj K i _vwk ZvB KziAvb-nv`x Qi `jxj cviqvi c ii hw` bv eysvi fvb Kwi ZvnÕ j Avj vn wk qvg Zi w`b Avgv `i K Q o w` eb bv (2) Avj vn wk wbivkvi? Avj vn ZvÔAvjvi AvKvi Av Q, wzwb wbivkvi bb wbivkvi A_ hv ` L bv, ï b bv wkš Avj vn mewkqz ` Lb, kv bb wzwb G wek Rvnvb I mg m wói GKgvÎ mªóv, wbqš v I cwipvjk wzwb gvbyl K wiwhk `vb K ib, ivmvµvš K ib I Av ivm `vb K ib myzivs Zuvi AvKvi bb, GK_v ^xkvi Kiv Zuvi Aw Z K A ^xkvi KiviB bvgvš i Avj vn ï bb, ` Lb, DcKvi- wz, Kj vy-akj vy weavb K ib wzwb Rxeb-g Zz i gvwjk, mkj mgm vi GKgvÎ mgvavb`vzv myzivs gnvb Avj vn wbivkvi bb; eis Zuvi AvKvi Av Q (1) Avj vn e jb,. Ô Kvb wkqzb Zuvi m` k bq, wzwb me kªvzv, me `ªóvÕ (k~iv 42/11) (2) Avj vn ZvÔAvjv Av iv e jb,. ÔwbðqB Avj vn me kªvzv, me `ªóvÕ (wbmv 4/58) (3) Ab Î Avj vn e jb, ÔIUv GRb h, Avj vn ivwî K cöweó K ib w`e mi g a Ges w`em K cöweó K ib ivwîi g a Ges Avj vn me kªvzv, mg K `ªóvÕ (n¾ 22/61) (4) Ô n bex! Zzwg ej, Zviv KZ Kvj wqj, Avj vnb Zv fvj Rv bb, AvKvkgÊjx I c w_exi AÁvZ wel qi Ávb ZuviB wzwb KZ my `i `ªóv I kªvzvõ (Kvnd 18/26) Beby Rvixi (int) e jb, Ômg m órxe K Avj vn ZvÔAvjv ` Lb I Zv `i mkj K_v ï bb Zuvi wbku Kvb wkqzb Mvcb _v K bvõ 35 K vzv`v (int) e jb, ÔAvj vn&i _ K KD ekx ` Lb bv I ï bb bvõ 36 Beby hv q` (int) e jb, ÔAvj vn ZvÔAvjv m órx ei mkj KvRKg ` Lb Ges Zv `i mkj K_v ï bb wzwb me kªvzv I me `ªóvÕ 37 evmvex (int) e jb, Ômg m órxe hlv bb _vkzk bv Kb Avj vn ZvÔAvjv Zv `i ` Lb Ges Zv `i me cökvi K_v kªey K ib Zuvi `Lvi I ïbvi evb i Kvb wkqzb bbõ 38 (5) Avj vn ZvÔAvjv g~mv I nviƒy (Avt)- K j K i e jb, Ô Zvgiv fq K iv bv, Avwg Zv Zvgv `i m ½ AvwQ, Avwg ïwb I Avwg `wlõ (Z -nv 20/46) GLv b Avj vn g~mv I nviƒ Yi mv vkvi A_ n Q- wzwb Avi ki Dci mgvmxb Avi g~mv I nviƒy (Avt)-Gi Df qi mv _ Avj vn&i mvnvh i q Q Ges wzwb Zv `i K ch e Y Ki Qb (6) Avj vn Av iv e jb, ÔKLbB bq, AZGe Zvgiv Df q Avgvi wb`k b mn hvi, Avwg Zv Zvgv `i m ½ AvwQ, Avwg kªeykvixõ (ïôaviv 26/15) c~ e v³ e vl vb GLv b cö hvr (7) Avj vn ZvÔAvjv e jb, ÔZviv wk g b K i h, Avwg Zv `i Mvcb welq I Mvcb civg k i Lei ivwl bv? Aek B ivwl Avgvi d ikzviv Zv Zv `i wbku Ae vb K i mewkqz wjwce K ibõ (hyli d 43/80) (8) Avj vn e jb, Ô n bex! Zzwg e j `vi, Zvgiv KvR Ki Z _vk, Avj vn Zv Zvgv `i Kvh Kjvc j Ki ebõ (ZIev 9/105) (9) Avj vn e jb, Ô m wk AeMZ bq h, Avj vn ` LbÕ? (AvjvK 96/14) (10) Avj vn e jb, Ôwhwb Zvgv K ` Lb hlb Zzwg (Qvjv Zi Rb ) `Êvqgvb ni Ges ` Lb wmr`vkvix `i mv _ Zvgvi DVvemv wzwb Zv me kªvzv, me ÁÕ (ïôaviv 26/218-220) (11) Avj vn e jb, ÔAek B Avj vn Zv `i K_v kªey K i Qb, hviv e j h, Avj vn `wi`ª Avi Avgiv abx Zviv hv e j Q Zv Ges Ab vqfv e Zv `i bex `i nz v Kivi welq Avwg wjwce Kie Ges eje, Zvgiv `nb hš Yv fvm KiÕ (Av j Bgivb 3/181) (12) Avj vn e jb, ÔAvj vn Aek B ï b Qb mb bvixi K_v, h Zvi ^vgxi wel q Zvgvi mv _ ev`vbyev` Ki Q Ges Avj vn&i wbkui dwiqv` Ki Q Avj vn Zvgv `i K _vck_b ï bb wbðqb Avj vn me kªvzv, me `ªóvÕ (gyrv`vjvn 58/1) 34. H 35. Zvdmx i Z vevix, 15/232 c t 36. Zvdmx i Z vevix 15/232 c t 37. Zvdmx i Z vevix 15/232 38. gvôavwjgyz Zvbhxj, 5/165 17

(13) Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) Qvnvev `i K e jwq jb,. Ô Zvgiv ewai wksev Abycw Z K WvKQ bv; eis Zvgiv WvKQ me kªvzv, me `ªóv I wbkuzg KÕ 39 (14) Avãyj vn (ivt) nõ Z ewy Z, wzwb e jb, :. ÔGKw`b evqzzj vn&i wbku GKwÎZ nõj `yõrb QvKvdx I GKRb KzivBkx A_ev `yõrb KzivBkx I GKRb QvKvdx Zv `i c U Pwe wqj ewk, wkš Zv `i Aš i eysvi gzv wqj Kg Zv `i GKRb ejj, Avgiv hv ejwq Avj vn Zv ï bb- G e vcv i Zvgvi AwfgZ wk? wøzxqrb ejj, Avgiv Rv i ej j ï bb, wkš Pzwc Pzwc ej j ï bb bv Z ZxqRb ejj, hw` wzwb Rv i ej j ï bb, ZvnÕ j Mvc b ej ji ï bb AZtci Avj vn ZvÔAvjv AvqvZ bvwhj K ib, Ô Zvgiv wkqz Mvcb Ki Z bv GB wek v m h, Zvgv `i KY, P z Ges Z K Zvgv `i wei mv w` e bv- Dciš Zvgiv g b Ki Z h, Zvgiv hv Ki Z Zvi A bk wkqzb Avj vn Rv bb bvõ 40 (15) Avj vn ZvÔAvjv e jb, ÔwbðqB Avj vn me kªvzv I me `ªóvÕ (n¾ 22/75) Avey `ve` (int) e jb, ÔG AvqvZwUB n Q Rvnwgq vn m cö`v qi evwzj K_vi cözÿ Ëi Kbbv Rvnwgq vn m cö`vq Avj vn&i bvg I YevPK bvg KvbUvB mve K i bv mv _ mv _ Avj vn ZvÔAvjv h ` Lb-ï bb GUvI mve K i bv G aviyvq h, m wói mv _ Avj vn&i mv` k n e Zv `i G aviyv evwzj GRb h, Zviv Avj vn K g~wz i mv _ mv` k K i w`j KviY g~wz ï b bv Ges ` LI bv (gvôavwiryj Ke~j, 1/300-304) gyôzvwhjv m cö`vq e j, Avj vn&i KY Av Q wkš ï bb bv, P z Av Q wkš ` Lb bv Gfv e Zviv Avj vn&i mg Y K A ^xkvi K i A_ vr Kvb Y-ˆewkó Qvov Zviv ïay bvg jv mve K i cök Zc Zv `i gzev` Rvnwgq v `i gzev `i b vq Zv `i Dfq gzev`b KziAvb-mybœvn we ivax c vš i Avn j mybœvz Iqvj RvgvÔAvZ Kvb wkqzi mv _ Zzjbv e wz i K Avj vn&i wqdvz mve K i wvk mfv eb, hfv e KziAvb-nv`xQ mve K i hgb Avj vn e jb, Ô Kvb wkqzb Zuvi m` k bq, wzwb me kªvzv, me `ªóvÕ (k~iv 42/11) Avj vn ZvÔAvjv Av iv e jb, ÔmyZivs Zvgiv Avj vn&i Kvb mv` k w i K iv bvõ (bvnj 16/74) Avj vn ZvÔAvjv h ï bb, ` Lb, GUv Kvb m wói ïbv, `Lvi mv _ Zzjbv Ki Z wb la Kiv n q Q Avj vn&i `Lv-ïbv Zgb, hgb Zuvi Rb kvfv cvq G `Lv-ïbv m wói `Lv-ïbvi mv _ mv` k c~y bqõ 19 Avj vn&i mv _ m órx ei mv` k Kiv nvivg KviY (1) Avj vn&i hvz-wqdvz Z_v Avj vn ZvÔAvjvi mëv I Y- ˆewkó Ges m órx ei Y-ˆewkó GK bq cö Z Ki wbr ^ ˆewkó Av Q, muv Zvi Rb B cö hvr Avj vn ZvÔAvjv me `v RxweZ Av Qb I _vk eb wkš m wókzj K g Zz eiy Ki ZB n e Zvn j wk K i Avj vn&i mv _ m órx ei Zzjbv Kiv hvq? (2) m wókz v K m wói mv _ mv` k Kivq m wókz vi gvb- Bh&hZ bó nq Î wuhy³ m órx ei m ½ Î wuc~y gnvb Avj vn K Zzjbv Kiv nõ j m wókz v Avj vn K Î wuhy³ Kiv nq (3) mªóv I m órx ei bvg- Y Av Q wkš Df qi cök wz GK bq [Pj e] 19. gvôavwiryj Ke~j 1/304 39. eylvix nv/7386 ÔZvInx`Õ Aa vq, Aby Q`-9 40. nv-gxg mvr`vn 41/22; eylvix nv/7521 ÔZvInx`Õ Aa vq, Aby Q`-41 18