TWG BU State of Play November 2010
TWG BU members General methodology Existing data Use cases User requirements Existing standards Modelling approach Next steps Plan of presentation
TWG BU members
TWG BU members Barlow Simon (UK) Bergström Eddie (Sweden) Ferencz Zsuzsanna (Hungary) Gröger Gerhard (Germany) Johansson Karl-Gustav (Sweden) editor Kooij Franck (Netherlands) Laurent Dominique (France) facilitator Mortier Frédéric (Belgium) Skeljbo Karen (Denmark) Taucer Fabio (JRC) Velasco Amalia (Spain) Wysocka Ewa (Poland) Gaffuri Julien JRC contact point
TWG BU members Kick-off meeting Paris 10 and 11 June 2010
General methodology
General process Constraint Existing data Drivers Use cases User requirements INSPIRE TWG Support Standards Best practices Data specification
Data harmonisation components (A) INSPIRE Principles (D) Rules for application Schemas and feature catalogues (G) Coordinate referencing and units model (J) Data transformation (B) Terminology (E) Spatial and temporal aspects (H) Object referencing modelling (K) Portrayal model (C) Reference model (F) Multi-lingual text and cultural adaptibility (I) Identifier Management (L) Registers and registries (M) Metadata (N) Maintenance (O) Quality (P) Data Transfer (Q) Consistency between data (R) Multiple representations (S) Data capturing (T) Conformance Data harmonisation components defined by DT DS (Drafting Team Data Specification)
Check-list Extract of the check-list : -Proposed by DT DS -Adapted by TWG BU
Process for TWG BU Collect information about existing data (with check-list) Identify high level use cases Find concrete examples of use cases Survey launched by Joint Research Centre TWG BU members proposals Collect user requirements (with check-list) Investigate standards related to Buildings Make first draft of application schema for theme Buildings
Existing data
Source information Survey conducted by WG on CadastreINSPIREd! general information on whole Europe Check-lists: From countries represented in the TWG BU From Reference Material: Norway From WG on CadastreINSPIREd! Detailed information from 17 countries
Source information At national level Topographical view Cadastral view At local level Lack of overview Existence of 3D data Detailed information available
Raster issue Investigation from TWG BU Most countries have vectorisation projects Information from CadastreINSPIREd survey (raster issue mainly for cadastral data) INSPIRE specifications only about vector data
Use cases
Use cases Census - Statistics Safety risk management Urban expansion Environment Utility and Governmental services Communication Public awareness
Issues to be addressed Census - Statistics Safety risk management Natural risks: flood, fire, storm, earthquake, avalanches, landslide, Human activities: transport, industrial risks, Urban expansion Sprawl of big cities Moth-eating of rural / littoral land Environment Noise Energy (sun exposure, CO 2 emission) Air quality Soil Protected buildings Light / visibility Water Utility and Governmental services Sustainable development
Use of data Census - Statistics Census Urban units Environmental statistics Report Safety risk management Building victim of risk Building source of risk Building resource for risk Urban expansion Understand: urban areas identification Plan: land use maps Implement: building permits Environment Understand, identify Help for decision (e.g. regulation) Report Utility and Governmental services Understand (e.g. how people move) Decide (e.g. best location for new service) Manage Risk maps City maps Thematic / tourism maps Collaborative Web Communication Public awareness 3D models
Concrete examples Use cases category Safety Urban expansion Environment Utilities and Governmental Services Statistics Public awareness 65 check-lists collected
Concrete examples
Concrete examples Examples: Flood Directive Noise Directive Air Quality Directive Energy Performance of Buildings Directive Climate conference Soil Directive
Most frequent user requirements
Building influence on physical phenomena Topographic data (including Buildings) Physical phenomenon data Propagation model Examples: flood, noise, air pollution, light Extent of physical phenomenon Required data: all buildings location of buildings in space as solid (3D data) as polygon + height (2D data)
Building influence on physical phenomena Influence of buildings on air pollution propagation
Influence of physical phenomena on buildings Building data Physical phenomenon data Analysis Building vulnerability or ability Examples: flood, fire, earthquake, noise, : vulnerability to risk or pollution sun exposure: ability to receive solar panels Required data: Directly, architecture of building (material, ) Indirectly, date of construction and/or of renovation
Definition of urban / artificial areas Buildings data Ortho-image Aggregation Urban or artificial areas Examples: spatial planning, urban units (statistics), cartographic generalisation Required data: all buildings location of buildings and other constructions (2D data) use of buildings
Definition of urban / artificial areas Urban atlas (GMES) Current land use map Cartographic generalisation
Transfer of statistical data Buildings data Statistical data on statistical units Localisation of statistical data on buildings Statistical data on area of interest Examples: areas of interest may be risk area (inundated land, area around SEVESO activity, ) air pollution, noise, heat area area around public transport stop Key use case for INSPIRE: assessment of risk or pollution exposure
Transfer of statistical data: example (1/2) SU SU Statistical data on statistical units Area of interest Buildings
Transfer of statistical data: example (1/2) SU SU Selection of residential buildings Localisation of statistic data on buildings by prorata Number of occupants (BU X) = Number of inhabitants (SU) x Volume (BU X) Volume of all BU on SU Aggregation on area of interest
Transfer of statistical data Required data: mainly buildings hosting human activities use of building (residential, industrial, commercial, ) volume of building directly (by attribute volume) indirectly : geometry (as polygon) height or number of floors
Mapping Building data Other data Mapping Electronic or paper maps General examples: - Risk maps - Air quality maps - Noise maps - Required data: Location of buildings (2D) Name of building (if any)
Mapping Other examples: - Tourism maps, city maps - Marine charts (buildings as landmarks) - Maps of obstacles for air traffic Required data: Specific buildings and constructions (e.g. elevated constructions) Characteristic (mainly physical aspect) Altitude of the building
Specific buildings and constructions (examples)
Mapping Flooded areas map Noise map around airport Roof thermography (lost of heat) Symbols for Electronical Navigation Charts
3D models Building data Other data 3D modeling 3D models Examples: - communication about risk - help for decision making (e.g. project of new infrastructure) - valorisation of a territory Required data: 3D data (buildings as Solids)
3D models Simulation of project: buildings that are going to be demolished are shown in blue.
Location of non-spatial data Geo-localised building data Non-spatial building data Examples: Application Official information - cadastral register owner(s) of a building - link to building permits - link to SEVESO sites or protected buildings - public services registries link to facilities Required data: reference to other information systems reference to documents
Building data Other data Examples: Urbanism monitoring Monitoring Respect of urbanism rules: yes/no - check density of urban area - check location of a building within a cadastral parcel Required data: accurate location of buildings official area, official volume
Urbanism monitoring Monitoring Detailed cadastral data for urbanism management
Existing standards
Glossaries ISO or CEN Standards ISO 6707 (Building and Civil Engineering): general vocabulary ISO 9836 pren 15221-6 Measurements, space indicators (area, volume) Military standard DFDD (DGIWG Feature Data Dictionary )
Classification Eurostat classification of constructions Includes buildings and civil engineering works Extract of Eurostat classification
Data models Cadastral point of view: LADM (Land Administration Domain Model), future ISO 19152 3D point of view IFC (Industry Foundation Class): for construction process of buildings CityGML: for 3D representation of cities (including buildings) CityGML is based on ISO and OGC concepts CityGML natural candidate for 3D buildings in INSPIRE
Modelling approach
Main principles Capture user requirements To ensure feasibility, flexible model 3 profiles: Normative profile 1: core data (2D) Non-normative profile 2: all data (2D) Non-normative profile 3: all data (3D) Extensible and/or hierarchical code lists Guidelines for extension or for evolution in future Very few mandatory attributes
Scope of theme Buildings Decision to include constructions such as bridges, cemeteries, antennae etc required by at least one of the use cases investigated by TWG BU not (or not yet) in another INSPIRE theme even if generally not considered as buildings under the common understanding TWG BU has enlarged the scope of theme Building
Profile 1 Scope of theme Building has been enlarged to include feature type OtherConstruction
Profile 1 List of possible values for feature type OtherConstruction
Profile 1 Attributes common to Buildings and OtherConstructions are factorised in feature type AbstractConstruction CityGML concept: a Building may be composed of BuildingParts
Profile 1: location of buildings Multiple representation of buildings is allowed
Profile 1: time Time influence in real world Time influence in dataset
Profile 1: current use Hierarchical and extensible code list for the use of buildings
Profile 1: specific buildings Extract of code list
Profile 1: external reference CityGML concept Definition: reference to an external information system containing any piece of information related to the construction. Information system Cadastral register Building permit Historical buildings Facility (health, education) Information Owner Physical and temporal aspects History, interest Facility hosted by building
Profile 2 New attributes New feature type BuildingUnit: subdivision of Building that is homogeneous related to legal aspect. EXAMPLE : A BuildingUnit may be an apartment in a multiowner building, i.e. a building unit in a cadastral register.
Profile 2: architectural attributes
Profile 2: official information
Profile 2 May include VGI Possibility to link a document to a building, e.g - Photo of facade or inner yard - Sketch of first floor
Profile 3 For modelling of 3D buildings in INSPIRE Based both: On the semantics defined by TWG BU in profile 2 On the general model on CityGML: building is represented by its boundaries (roof, walls, ground) Boundary Representation Bounding surfaces
CityGML Levels of detail LOD 1 City / Site model block model without roof structures LOD 2 City / Site model textures, differentiated roof structures LOD 3 City / Site model detailed architectural model LoD chosen by INSPIRE LOD 4 Interior model walkable architecture models
Profile 3 Based on INSPIRE profile 2 Based on CityGML model (LoD 3)
Next steps
Next steps Collect new check-lists Eurostat Other use cases New version of model Take into account comments from internal review Common modelling concepts Overlaps with facilities Revise content Refine code lists, add definitions Address missing clauses of data specifications Metadata / quality Portrayal Data capture