September 14, 2016 Aims: SWBAT explain how divergent boundaries shape Earth s surface. Agenda 1. Do Now 2. Class Notes 3. Guided Practice 4. Independent Practice 5. Practicing our AIMS: Homework: EI.11 Divergent Boundaries How will you help our class earn all of our S.T.R.I.V.E. Points? 1
Aim Check: What word is related to divergent? List three features found at divergent boundaries 2
SCIENCE 8 Div ergent Boundaries EI.11 Name: Date: Homeroom: Earth s Interior OBJECTIVES: By the end of class, students will be able to SWBAT explain divergent boundaries shape Earth s surface. DO NOW Read and ANNOTATE the information before you answer the questions. 1. (Hypothesis / guess) is an explanation based on scientific research or observation. 2. How are the lithosphere and crust related? 3. Scientists believe that forces in Earth s mantle move Earth s crustal plates. What do the arrows in the diagram represent? A. ocean currents B. gravity C. convection currents D. wind patterns 4. Compared to the surrounding material, mantle plumes rise toward Earth s surface from the core-mantle boundary because they are A. cooler and less dense B. cooler and more dense C. hotter and less dense D. hotter and more dense 3
THE THEORY OF PLATE TECTONICS CLASS NOTES So, what is the difference between a hypothesis and theory?!?! The Continental Drift Hypothesis: Wegener s proposed explanation that all continents had once been joined, and over time had drifted apart in order to explain the data he collected about landforms, fossils, and climate change. o A hypothesis means THE THEORY OF PLATE TECTONICS: A well supported explanation that the Earth s crust is divided into tectonic plates that move around on top of the asthenosphere. o A theory is an The difference between a hypothesis and a theory is 4
TECTONIC PLATES 101 TECTONIC PLATE: TECTONIC PLATE BOUNDARY: o All tectonic plates have boundaries with other tectonic plates o The type of boundary depends on o Tectonic plates move: 5
DIVERGENT BOUNDARY DIVERGENT BOUNDARY: Not e t o Self: DIVERGENT BOUNDARY FEATURES Not e t o Self: 6
IN THE OCEAN: Most active divergent plate boundaries occur between oceanic plates Develops Exists as o The uplift can create Forms o Occurs when the plates move apart to produce faults (breaks) which molten mantle rises to fill. 7
ON LAND: When divergent boundaries occur on land, the pull-apart is not vigorous enough to create a clean, single break through the thick plate material Develops a o develop on both sides of the rift and the central blocks slide downwards. o These faults may allow molten mantle to surface: 8
GUIDED PRACTICE Directions: Read and ANNOTATE each question before you solve the problem. Directions: Support your selection by finding evidence to support your answer OR evidence to support why another is incorrect. Start your explanation with The evidence shows that Question 1. Select the two processes that occur at midocean ridges. Supporting evidence A. Material rises from the mantle to the crust. B. Sediments from the crust sink into the mantle. C. Crustal rock subducts into the mantle and melts. D. Thermal energy rises from the mantle to the crust. E. Tsunami waves transfer energy from the crust to the mantle. TESTING QUESTION SKILLz 2. The movement shown in the map indicates that Africa s continental crust is splitting apart in the East African Rift. As a result of this divergence, what can you predict will happen in the East African Rift region in about five million years? A. Subduction will result in more volcanic activity. B. The land will become flat as the crust continues to thicken. C. The rift-basin valleys will be pushed up into a mountain range. D. The sea will flood the lowlands when the rift reaches the ocean. 9
INDEPENDENT PRACTICE Directions: For each key term, explain the big idea to a kindergartener. Then, draw a picture to illustrate the word. Term Concept Picture Divergent Boundary Mid-Ocean Ridge Rift Valley 10
ORGANIZE YO SELF: Directions: Use your notes to fill out the chart below. Landform On Land or In Ocean? How it Forms / Picture New Seafloor Rift Valley Mid-Ocean Ridge Volcano Mountain Range 11
Directions: Compare and contrast three types of landforms (your choice) made on land and in the sea with divergent boundaries in the Venn diagram below. 12
Directions: Read and ANNOTATE each question before you solve the problem. The map shows the coast of the northwestern United States. The Explorer and Gorda ridges and plates are parts of the Juan de Fuca tectonic system. The arrow on which map best shows the direction of movement of the Juan de Fuca Plate in relation to the Juan de Fuca Ridge? A. B. C. D. 13
The map below shows a part of Earth s surface. Points A through D are locations on the ocean floor. Identify which location the temperature of the ocean floor bedrock is most likely highest. ICE to support your conclusion 14
The country of Iceland sits on a boundary. A geologic map of Iceland that shows three regions of volcanic rock is shown. The regions of rock are of different geologic ages (youngest, middle, and oldest). The pattern of the rock s ages on the map provides evidence that Iceland is spreading apart at a divergent boundary. Determine the relative age ages of the rock regions on the map, so that they support the hypothesis that Iceland is spreading apart at a divergent boundary. Then, identify the plate boundary Iceland sits on. ICE to support your conclusion 15
BEAST MODE! Read and ANNOTATE the given information before you solve the problem. 16
Science 8 Name: SKILL SNAPSHOT Date: Homeroom: EI.11: Divergent Boundaries Quick Notes: Read and ANNOTATE each question before you solve the problem. Like A Scholar? Yes No Redo? Yes No Directions: Support your selection by finding evidence to support your answer OR evidence to support why another is incorrect. Start your explanation with The evidence shows that Question 1. The most likely result of plates moving at a divergent boundary is Supporting evidence A. seafloor spreading B. a subduction zone C. a tsunami D. climate change 2. Which two features are commonly found at divergent plate boundaries? A. mid-ocean ridges and rift valleys B. wide valleys and deltas C. ocean trenches and subduction zones D. hot spots and volcanic islands 3. Which surface feature was produced by crustal movements at a divergent plate boundary? A. Tasman Hot Spot B. San Andreas Fault C. Aleutian Trench D. East African Rift 17
4. Which of the cross-sectional diagrams below best represents a model for the movement of rock material below the crust along a mid-ocean ridge? A. B. C. D. 5. Mountains often form along tectonic plate boundaries. Explain how a divergent boundary can cause the formation of a mountain range. Use ICE to support your reasoning. Start with the phrase I believe that Claim (1/2 pt.) Ev idence (1 pt.) Error Free (1/2 pt.) Correct conclusion Relev ant Ev idence Complete Sentence Punctuation Capitalization Clarity 18