Shangri-La Hotel, Penang 8-9 September 2000 Editors: G.H. Teh, Joy J. Pereira & T.F. Ng ( Collaborators: Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia University of Malaya Univ~rsiti Sains Malaysia Institute of Geology Malaysia
PERSATUAN GEOLOGI MALAYSIA Geological Society of Malaysia Council 2000/2001 President Vice President Secretary Assistant Secretary Treasurer Editor Immediate Past President Councillors Abdul Ghani Rafek Mohd Shafeea Leman Ahmad Tajuddin Ibrahim Nik Ramli Nik Hassan Lee Chai Peng Teh Guan Hoe Ibrahim Komoo Abdul Rahim Samsudin Abdul Rashid Jaapar Azmi Yakzan Hamdan Hassan Liew Kit Kong M. Selvarajah Tajul Anuar Jamaluddin Tan Boon Kong PERSIDANGAN TAHUNAN GEOLOGI 2000 Annual Geological Conference 2000 Organising Committee J.J. Pereira (Chair) Chow Weng Sum Ibrahim Komoo Anna Lee Leong Lap Sau Ng Tham Fatt Teh Guan Hoe H.D. Tjia Yeap Ee Beng Yip Foo Weng Zamri Ramli Teh Guan Hoe (Chair) Fahruzzaman Ahmad Lim Choun Sian Ng Tham Fatt Syafrina Ismail Victor Wong Lee Wee Editorial Subcommittee Joy J. Pereira (Co-chair) James Anak Bachat Marilah Sarman Rohayu Che Omar Tanot Anak Unjah Zaitul Zahira Ghazali Reviewers Abdul Rahim Samsudin Basir Jasin C.S. Hutchison Lee Chai Peng H.D. Tjia Azhar Russin Hamzah Mohamad Ibrahim Komoo Samsudin Hj. Taib Yeap Ee Beng
Proceedings Geological Society of Malaysia Annual Geological Conference 2000 Shangri-La Hotel, Penang 8-9 September 2000 Editors G.H. Teh Department of Geology, University of Malaya Joy J. Pereira Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia T.F.Ng Institute of Postgraduate Studies and Research, University of Malaya Organiser Geological Society of Malaysia Collaborators: Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia University of Malaya Universiti Sains Malaysia Institute of Geology Malaysia GEOLOGICAL SociETY of MALAYSIA )( KUALA LUMPUR
Copyright: Geological Society of Malaysia, 2000 All right reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Geological Society of Malaysia. Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Annual Geological Conference 2000 (2000:Penang) Proceedings [of] Annual Geological Conference 2000 Shangri-La Hotel, Penang, 8-9 September 2000 I editors G. H. Teh, J. J. Pereira & T. F. Ng ISBN 983-99102-1-3 1. Geology - Congresses. 2. Environmental geology - Congresses. I. Teh, Guan Hoe, 1946-. II. Pereira, Joy Jacqueline, 1965-. III. Ng Tham Fatt, 1964-. IV. Persatuan Geologi Malaysia. 551 Published by Geological Society of Malaysia c/o Department of Geology, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur Tel: 603-79577036 Fax: 603-79563900 Email: geologi@po.jaring.my Printed by Art Printing Works Sdn. Bhd. 29 Jalan Riong, 59100 Kuala Lumpur
FOREWORD The Annual Geological Conference 2000 is the J4lh in the series of conferences organised by the Geological Society of Malaysia since 1986. The Conference provides participants with an excellent opportunity to exchange scientific and technical information. With the dawning of the 21" century, geoscientists in Malaysia are moving in unison towards a higher level of excellence. The publication of this Proceedings, distributed to all participants during the Conference, is a significant step in this direction. The scientific programme of the Conference was organised to accommodate the wide interest of Malaysian geologists under eight themes. These are Tectonics & Structural Geology, Petrology & Petrography, Sedimentology & Stratigraphy, Conservation Geology & Geotourism, Environmental Geology, Engineering Geology & Hydrogeology, Mineral Resources and Geoscience Tools & Techniques. Nine keynote addresses have been scheduled by the foremost geoscientists from universities and research institutions in Malaysia. A total of 63 papers were selected for this publication. The papers are more or less evenly distributed within each theme and are expected to enhance the current knowledge and understanding of the geology of Malaysia. A forum on the conference theme, Increasing the Relevance of Geoscience in the 21" Century, has also been organised to discuss strategies to increase the relevance of geoscience and enhance knowledge about the contribution of geoscience among non-geoscientists, particularly policy and decision makers. A more specific dialogue on the role of geologists in site investigation is also planned. The Annual Geological Conference 2000 is also held in Pulau Pinang for the first time. This provides geoscientists with a unique opportunity to get to know the geotourism and geotechnical aspects ofpenang Island more intimately through the fieldwork that has been organised. In addition, a fieldtrip across Peninsular Malaysia, from Baling to Kuala Terengganu, Temerloh and back to Kuala Lumpur is also planned. The organisation of this conference has been a tremendous challenge, particularly with respect to the publication of this proceedings. In this context, I would like to express my sincere gratitude and appreciation to Prof. Teh Guan Hoe and Ng Tham Fatt for their hard work and commitment. I would also like to acknowledge and thank the board of reviewers, the editorial subcommittee and all the contributors for helping to make this publication a reality. Lastly, I am also indebted to members of the organising committee for their dedication and support in planning the conference programme. Indeed, the organisation of this conference and the publication of the proceedings are a reflection of the success that can be achieved when geoscientists work together as a team towards a common goal of excellence. Joy Jacqueline Pereira Chair Organising Committee Annual Geological Conference 2000 iii
CONTENTS Section 1: Structural Geology I Tectonics 3 Tectonic and Structural Development of Cenozoic Basins of Malaysia H.D. TJIA 17 The Occurrence of Thrusts in North Kedah and Perlis ZAITON HARUN & BASIR JASIN 21 Joint Patterns and Structural Analysis of Pulau Bunting, Yan, Kedah IBRAHIM ABDULLAH & CHE Azrz Au 27 Antara Mitos dan Neotektonik Bukit Putri, Terengganu ASKURY ABD. KADIR 33 Geologi dan Geologi Struktur Kepulauan Tenggol, Terengganu MoHAMAD SARI HAsAN, IBRAHIM ABDULLAH, KAMAL RosLAN MoHAMED, AsKURY ABo KADIR & CHE Azrz Au 39 Rekontruksi Tegasan Kuno di Kawasan Penjom, Kuala Lipis, Pahang Berdasarkan Data Mesoskopis Gelinciran Sesar HERU SIGIT PuRWANTO, IBRAHIM ABDULLAH & JUHARI MAT AKHIR 45 Synsedimentary Tectonic Control of the Permo-Triassic Central Basin Sedimentation MusTAFFA KAMAL SHum 51 The Olistostromes in the Bentong Area, Pahang and their Tectonic Implications MusTAFFA KAMAL SHUIB Section II: Petrology I Petrography 59 How Geochemical Data Substantiate Findings in Lithostratigraphy with Specific Reference to Characterizing Lithodemes HAMZAH MOHAMAD 67 Sempah Volcanic Complex, Pahang NAVPREET SINGH & AzMAN ABDUL GHANI 73 Geochemistry of the Granitic Rocks from North of the La wit Batholith, Besut, Terengganu A. TAJUDDIN IBRAHIM, M. RASHID SALUKI & AzMAN A. GHANI 81 Hornblende Chemistry and its Application to Geobarometry of the Noring Pluton, Stong Complex, Kelantan AZMAN A. GHANI 87 Tren Unsur-Unsur Surih dan Nadir Bumi Batuan Kompleks Benta, Pahang sebagai Petunjuk kepada Proses Pembentukan dan Evolusi Batuan MoHo Rozr UMoR & SYED SHEIKH ALMASHOOR 97 Petrography and Mineral Chemistry of the Perhentian Kecil Syenite, Perhentian Kecil, Besut, Terengganu AZMAN A GHANI & KAMARUL HAD! ROSELEE 105 Field Relations and Petrochemistry of the Jeli Igneous Complex, North Kelantan: Preliminary Observations AMAN SHAH OTHMAN, AZMAN A. GHANI & KAMARUL HAm RosLEE 111 Jujukan Usia Batuan di Dalam Kompleks Benta, Pahang Berdasarkan Cirian Lapangan dan Penentuan Usia Batuan Secara K/ Ar Keseluruhan Batuan MoHo Rozr UMOR & SvEo SHEIKH ALMASHOOR Section Ill: Sedimentology I Stratigraphy 123 Significance of Mesozoic Radiolarian Chert in Sabah and Sarawak BASIR JASIN 131 Stratigraphic Position of the Rangsi Conglomerate in Sarawak ISMAIL CHE MAT ZIN 137 On the Palynomorph Assemblage from the Panti Sandstone, Kota Tinggi, Johor UvoP SAID & CHE Azrz Au 143 Some Mid-Permian Fossils from Felda Mayam, Central Peninsular Malaysia MASATOSHI SONE & MOHO SHAFEEA LEMAN 151 On the New Permian Bera Formation from the Bera District, Pahang, Malaysia MoHo SHAFEEA LEMAN, KAMAL RosLAN MOHAMED & MASATOSHI SoNE 159 Aspek Paleontologi Formasi Pedawan Kawasan Batu Kitang- Bau, Sarawak TANOT UNJAH, BASIR JASIN & UYOP SAID v
165 Development of Mudcracks in a Partially-Dried Tropical Pond ABDUL HADI ABD. RAHMAN 169 Coastal Sedimentation and Recent Coastline Changes Along the Seberang Perai Coast, Pulau Pinang ABDUL HADI ABD. RAHMAN, MOHAMAD ZAKI IBRAHIM & y AJESH v. RAMACHANDRAM Section IV: Conservation Geology I Geotourism 179 Conservation Geology: A Multidisciplinary Approach in Utilization of Earth Resources Without Destruction IBRAHIM KOMOO 183 Geoart - Turning Rocks Into Art LEE CHAI PENG 189 Proposed Conservation of Badak Cave C, Lenggong as Vertebrate Fossil Site Extraordinary Ros FATIHAH & YEAP EE BENG 197 Tourism Geoscience: A New Subdiscipline in Geoscience Education M.D. KADDERI 203 The Characteristics and Origin of Some Limestone Caves in the Sungai Perak Basin Ros FATIHAH & YEAP EE BENG 211 Kundasang-Ranau: Dataran Warisan Ais Gunung MARILAH SARMAN & IBRAHIM KoMoo 223 Pantai: Sumber Geopelancongan Berpotensi SYAFRINA IsMAIL, IBRAHIM KoMoo & Joy J. PEREIRA Section V: Environmental Geology 231 Chemical Pollution in Acid Sulfate Soils J. SHAMSHUDDIN & S. MUHRIZAL 235 Landslide Hazard Zonation Mapping Using Statistical Approach JASMI AB. TALIB 241 Geochemical Evaluation of Contaminated Soil for Stabilisation with Lime BABA MusTA & KHAIRUL ANUAR KAsSIM 245 Heavy Metal Pollution of the Semenyih River MuHAMMAD BARZANI GASIM, WAN NoR AzMIN SuLAIMAN,MOHAMMAD IsMAIL YAziz, & MoHD. TADZA ABD. RAHMAN 249 Geological Input for the Development of the Paya Terubong-Relau Area, Pulau Pinang CHow WENG SuM & FERDAus AHMAD 261 Perubahan Garis Pantai dan Susutan Darat: Cadangan Geoindikator Yang Berpotensi ZAITUL ZAHIRA GHAZALI, Joy J. PEREIRA & J UHARI MAT AKHIR 269 Penterjemahan Maklumat Geosains untuk Perancangan dan Pengurusan Geobencana LIM CHOUN SIAN, IBRAHIM KoMoo, Joy J. PEREIRA & SHAHARUDIN IDRUS Section VI: Engineering Geology I Hydrogeology 275 Rainfall and Slope Failures in the Granitic Bedrock Areas of Peninsular Malaysia J. K. RAJ 283 Physico-Chemical Properties of Graphitic Schist Soils in the Rawang Area, Selangor TAN BooN KoNG & ZuLHAIMI ABDUL RAHMAN 287 Pencirian Geomekanik Jasad Batuan Riolit, Genting Sempah, Selangor-Pahang: Beberapa Hasil Awal ABDUL GHANI RAFEK, ABDUL RAHIM SAMSUDIN, EuGENE YEE, RAHMAN YAccuP & UMAR HAMzAH 293 Preliminary Design Parameters Based on Laboratory Shear Test of Core Samples MoHo FoR MoHo AMIN, MusHAIRRY MusTAFFAR & TEo KING BENG 299 Perkaitan Antara Saiz Butiran, Indeks Keplastikan dan Kandungan Mineral Lempung Dengan Kestabilan Cerun di Bukit Arang, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur PHAKHRUDDIN B. ABDULLAH & AHMAD T AJUDDIN B. HJ. IBRAHIM 305 Relict Structures and Cut Slope Failures in Highly to Completely Weathered Rocks Along Jalan Tg. Siang, Kota Tinggi, Johor TAJUL ANUAR JAMALUDDIN & MUHAMMAD FAUZI DERAMAN 313 The Characteristics and Engineering Properties of Soft Soil at Cyberjaya RoHAYU CHE 0MAR & RASHID JAAFAR vi
Section VII: Mineral Resources 325 The Prospects for Hardrock Gold and Tin Deposits in Malaysia YEAP EE BENG 333 Tembaga Porfiri di Pelepah Kanan, Kota Tinggi, Johor wan FUAD wan HASSAN, HERU SIGIT PURWANTO & ADONG LAMING 339 Construction Aggregate Resources in the Federal Territory and Central Selangor CHEONG KHAI WENG & YEAP EE BENG 349 Unsur Surih di dalam Pemineralan Bijih Besi Primer dan Hasil Luluhawanya di Kawasan Sungai Merbok HABIBAH BT HJ JAMIL & WAN FUAD WAN HASSAN 351 Relevance of Geoscience in Quarrying KHOR PENG SEONG 355 Petrofabrik Batu Kapur Formasi Chuping, Perlis dan Kesannya Pacta Kereaktifan Kapur AzrMAH HussrN & MoHAMMAD MD TAN 361 Towards Sustainable Development - Indicators for the Mineral Industry Joy J. PEREIRA & IBRAHIM KoMoo Section VIII: Geoscience Tools and Techniques 369 Recent EPMA Applications in Geology and Industry G.H. TEH 375 Application of Geoelectrical Resistivity Imaging for Site Investigation ABDUL RAHIM SAMSUDIN, UMAR HAMZAH, ABD.GHANI RAFEK & RAHMAN YAACUP 381 Penggunaan Teknik Geofizik dan Geokimia Untuk Mencirikan Struktur Subpermukaan dan Akuifer di Sekitar Olak Lempit, Se1angor u MAR HAMZAH, ABDUL RAHIM SAMSUDIN, ABDUL RAHMANy ACCUP, RASHID BACHIK & ABDUL GHANI RAFEK 387 Kajian Geofizik Kejuruteraan Dalam Penentuan Satah Gelinciran di km 6, Jalan Temerloh-Mentakab, Pahang RAHMAN B. YACCUP, ABDUL RAHIM SAMSUDIN, UMAR HAMZAH & ABDUL GHANI RAFEK 393 The Magnetic Anomaly Across Peninsular Malaysia Between Muar and Endau SAMSUDIN BrN HJ TAIB, JAMALVDDIN OTHMAN & NoR DALILA DEsA 399 StereoSAR DEM for Mapping of Geological Structures in Selangor, Malaysia NORAINI SURIP & GEOFF TAYLOR 405 GIS Aided Groundwater Potential Mapping of the Langat Basin KHAIRUL, A.M., JUHARI, M.A. & IBRAHIM, A. 411 Pemetaan Geomorfologi Sahagian Hulu Lembangan Langat Dengan Bantuan Fotograf Udara NORHAYATI MOHD. RAWI & JUHARI MAT AKHIR 415 Advanced Level Geology in the United Kingdom: A New Approach by the Welsh Joint Education Committee c. DICKINSON, C.E. BROOKS, M. BROOKS & P. LOADER 421 Confirmation of the Yan Magnetic Anomaly by Gravity Data C.Y. LEE, L.C. SWEE & A.C. YEE 427 Geological Applications of AIRSAR/TOPSAR Data in the Tubau Area, Bintulu, Sarawak FREDDY ANAK HEWARD CHINTA vii