Discovering the World of Geography Grades 7 8 By MYRL SHIREMAN COPYRIGHT 2003 Mark Twain Media, Inc. ISBN 10-digit: 1-58037-230-9 13-digit: 978-1-58037-230-5 Printing No. CD-1576 Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers Distributed by Carson-Dellosa Publishing Company, Inc. The purchase of this book entitles the buyer to reproduce the student pages for classroom use only. Other permissions may be obtaining by writing Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America.
Table of Contents Table of Contents Introduction...1 National Geography Standards...2 Unit 1: Political Geography of the Eastern Hemisphere...3 A. Continents...3 B. Countries...3 Unit 2: Population and Area in the Eastern Hemisphere...9 A. Population...9 B. Area...12 C. Population Density...12 Unit 3: Cities of the Eastern Hemisphere...14 A. The Function of Cities...14 Unit 4: Physical Features of the Eastern Hemisphere...20 A. Europe...20 B. Asia...28 C. Africa...38 D. Australia...43 Unit 5: More About the Function of Cities...47 A. Cities Serve a Function...47 Unit 6: Using Latitude and Longitude in the Eastern Hemisphere...55 A. Using Latitude and Longitude...55 B. Determining the Time for Cities Located at Different Longitudes...61 C. Using Latitude and Longitude to Determine Distance Between Locations...65 Unit 7: Climate in the Eastern Hemisphere...66 A. Tundra Climate...66 B. Subarctic (Taiga) Climate...66 C. Humid Continental Climate...67 D. West Coast Marine Climate...68 E. Mediterranean Climate...68 F. Steppe or Semiarid Climate...69 G. Desert Climate...70 H. Tropical Rain Forest Climate...70 I. Tropical Savanna (Wet and Dry) Climate...71 J. Humid Subtropical Climate...71 K. Highland Climate...72 L. Identifying Climates...74 Unit 8: Understanding Developed and Underdeveloped Countries...78 A. Population Pyramids...78 B. Population Density...81 C. Subsistence Agriculture vs. Manufacturing...84 D. Gross National Product...85 Unit 9: Reading Exercises to Determine the Country...87 Unit 10: Regions of Conflict...90 A. Conflict Between Countries...90 B. Conflict Within Countries...95 Unit 11: Strategically Important Countries...100 A. Location...100 B. Oil Reserves...103 C. Religion...106 Unit 12: Man and the Environment...110 A. Desertification...110 B. Salinization...111 C. Flooding...113 Unit 13: Solve These Problems...114 Answer Keys...121 Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers ii
Unit 1: Political Geography A. Continents A. Continents Use Map 1 and an atlas to complete the following. Place the number on the blank that locates the continent. 1. Asia 2. Europe 3. Africa 4. Australia 5. Antarctica MAP 1 B. Countries Use Map 2 and an atlas to complete the following. A blank is located inside or near the boundary of each country listed below. Place the letter on the blank that correctly locates the country. Write the abbreviation for the continent on which the country is located on the blank below, next to each country. AS = Asia, E = Europe, AF = Africa, AU = Australia. a. Russia b. Algeria c. France d. India e. Sweden f. Ukraine g. Egypt h. Iran i. Saudi Arabia j. Nigeria k. Indonesia l. Japan m. Philippines n. Sudan o. Libya p. South Africa q. Angola r. Kenya s. Tanzania t. Mozambique u. Democratic Republic of Congo v. Thailand w. Myanmar x. Pakistan y. Vietnam z. Turkey Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 3
Unit 1: Political Geography B. Countries B. Countries (cont.) MAP 2 N Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 4
Unit 1: Political Geography B. Countries B. Countries (cont.) Use Map 3 to complete the following. On Map 3, a blank is located near the boundary of the countries listed below. Place the letter that identifies the country on the blank on Map 3 to correctly locate each country. Complete each of the blanks below by writing the name of the continent on which the country is located. a. Afghanistan b. Tajikistan c. Austria d. Switzerland e. Mali f. Botswana g. Jordan h. Uzbekistan i. Mongolia j. Hungary k. Czech Republic l. Slovakia m. Armenia n. Chad o. Niger p. Zambia q. Zimbabwe Use Map 2 and Map 3 to complete the following. 1. The location of a country is very important. Compare the countries on Map 2 and Map 3. How does the location of the countries on Map 2 differ from the countries on Map 3? Write your findings on the blanks below. 2. What is an important location advantage the countries on Map 2 have that the countries on Map 3 do not have? Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 5
Unit 1: Political Geography B. Countries B. Countries (cont.) MAP 3 Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 6
Unit 1: Political Geography C. Pretest Practice C. Pretest Practice Place a plus sign (+) on the blank to show the continent of which each country is a part. If a country is a part of two continents, place a plus (+) on the blank for each continent. Country Asia Africa Australia Europe 1. India 2. Nigeria 3. Libya 4. France 5. Kenya 6. Iran 7. Thailand 8. Sweden 9. Indonesia 10. Ukraine 11. Turkey 12. Saudi Arabia 13. Vietnam 14. Myanmar 15. Dem. Rep. of the Congo 16. Afghanistan 17. Iraq 18. Finland 19. Denmark 20. Jordan 21. Israel 22. Switzerland 23. South Africa 24. Australia 25. Philippines 26. Russia 27. Chad 28. Egypt 29. Spain 30. Czech Republic Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 7