Status of evaluated data for neutron induced reactions on 238 U in the resonance region NEMEA-7 / CIELO A workshop of the Collaborative International Evaluated Library Organization 5-8 November 2013, Geel, Belgium P. Schillebeeckx EC JRC IRMM Standards for Nuclear Safety, Security and Safeguards (SN3S)
Evaluations in the RRR Sowerby and Moxon (1994) JEF 2, ENDF/B-VI, JENDL 3 (NEANDC Task force) Transmission ORELA 42 m, 2.00 10-4 to 0.175 at/b, Olsen et al., NSE 62 (1977) 479 ORELA 150 m, 3.80 10-3 to 0.175 at/b, Olsen et al., NSE 69 (1979) 202 Capture ORELA 40 m, ORELAST (OLS), ϕ ( 6 Li) de Saussure et al., NSE 51 (1973) 385 Correction for bias on normalization (x 0.845 e 0.3842/E1/2 ) ORELA, 150 m, ORELAST (OLS), ϕ ( 6 Li) Macklin et al., ANE 18 (1991) 576 Correction for bias on normalization
Evaluations in the RRR Sowerby and Moxon (1994) Derrien et al. (2005) JEF 2, ENDF/B-VI, JENDL 3 (NEANDC Task force) ENDF/B-VII.1, JEFF 3.1.2, JENDL 4.0 (RRR < 20 kev) Transmission ORELA 42 m, 2.00 10-4 to 0.175 at/b, Olsen et al., NSE 62 (1977) 479 ORELA 150 m, 3.80 10-3 to 0.175 at/b, Olsen et al., NSE 69 (1979) 202 ORELA 200 m, 1.24 10-2 to 0.175 at/b, Harvey et al., NDST, Mito (1988) GELINA 26 m, Doppler studies, Meister et al., NDST, Trieste (1998) Capture ORELA 40 m, ORELAST (OLS), ϕ ( 6 Li) de Saussure et al., NSE 51 (1973) 385 Correction for bias on normalization ( x 0.85) ORELA, 150 m, ORELAST (OLS), ϕ ( 6 Li) Macklin et al., ANE 18 (1991) 576 Correction for bias on normalization ( x 1.15) GELINA 8.7 m, BGO (coincidence) Corvi et al., NDST, MITO (1988) Only shape < 0.1 ev Activation thermal and URR Poenitz et al., NSE 78 (1981) 239
Evaluations in the URR Evaluation reports Poenitz et al. (1983) Exp. (LSQ) ENDF/B-VI ANL-83-4 (1983) 288 Carlson et al. (2012) Exp. (LSQ) partly in ENDF/B-VII.1 NDS 110 (2009) 3215 Fröhner (1989) HF JEFF 3.1.2 NSE 103 (1989) 119 Maslov et al. (2002) HF MINSK ANE 29 (2002) 1707 Courcelle et al. (2007) HF? NSE 156 (2007) 391 Experimental data base See Carlson et al. NDS 110 (2009) 3215 Limited number of TOF + prompt γ -rays, only 1 C 6 D 6 measurement Moxon (1969) Moxon-Rae de Saussure et al. (1973) OLS bias on normalization NSE 51 (1973) 385 Yamamuro et al. (1980) C 6 D 6 δn/n = 7% JNST 17 (1980) 582 Kazakov et al. (1986) OLS ANE 18 (1991) 567 Macklin et al. (1991) OLS bias on normalization ANE 18 (1991) 567 New measurements at GELINA and n_tof as part of the ANDES project sponsored by the European Commission.
Additional data n_tof (see presentations F. Mingrone and T. Wright) Capture 185 m L ~ 10 cm Total energy (C 6 D 6 + WF) n = 9.56 10-4 at/b Capture 185 m L ~ 10 cm Total absorption (BaF 2 ) n = 9.56 10-4 at/b Normalization : saturated resonance at 6.67 ev with Γ n << Γ γ Neutron flux : combined 6 Li(n,α), 235 U(n,f) GELINA Transmission 50 m L ~ 2.0 cm 6 Li-scintillator n = 2.40 10-3 at/b Capture 12.5 m L ~ 2.5 cm Total energy (C 6 D 6 + WF) n = 1.92 10-3 at/b Capture 60 m L ~ 2.0 cm Total energy (C 6 D 6 + WF) n = 9.56 10-4 at/b Normalization : saturated resonance at 6.67 ev with Γ n << Γ γ Neutron flux : 10 B(n, α) 120 kev 235 U(n,f) 120 kev nelbe (HZDR, A. Junghans) Transmission
TOF - Facility GELINA Pulsed white neutron source (10 mev < E n < 20 MeV) FLIGHT PATHS NORD Neutron energy : time-of-flight (TOF) ELECTRON LINAC Multi-user facility: 10 flight paths (10 m - 400 m) TARGET HALL Measurement stations with special equipment to perform: Total cross section measurements Partial cross section measurements FLIGHT PATHS SOUTH Mondelaers and Schillebeeckx, Notizario 11 (2006) 19
σ(n,γ) measurements at GELINA Total energy detection principle C 6 D 6 + PHWT 125 o L = 12.5 m and 60 m Flux measurements (IC) < 120 kev : 10 B(n,α) back to back layer > 120 kev : 235 U(n,f) Y exp = Cw Bw N Cϕ B Y ϕ ϕ WF : from MC simulations Validated by experiment δy Y exp exp 2% C (t) = C (t,e ) WF(E ) de w c d d d Borella et al., NIM A 577 (2007) 626 Schillebeeckx et al., Nuclear data sheets, 113 (2012) 3054-3100
σ(n,γ) measurements for 238 U at 12.5 and 60 m Sample Size Mass Areal density mm x mm g at/b 238 U (1) 53.67 x 30.21 6.170 ± 0.020 (9.570 ± 0.050) 10-4 238 U (2) 53.08 x 30.03 6.030 ± 0.020 (9.628 ± 0.050) 10-4 234 U : < 1ppm 235 U : 11ppm 236 U : < 1ppm
σ(n,γ) measurements for 238 U at 12.5 m 10 3 C ϕ B ϕ 102 kev 2.9 kev 238 U : 1.92 10-3 at/b C w Counts / (1/ns) 10 2 10 1 10 0 B ϕ,ov B ϕ,n Y exp Cw Bw = N Y C B ϕ ϕ ϕ Counts / (1/ns) 10 1 2.0 1.5 B w 10-1 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 Time - of - flight / ns 10 0 1.0 16000 18000 20000 0.1 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 Time-of-fligth / ns 10-1 2.9 kev Fixed background filters Yield 10-2 10-3 10-4 δy exp /Y exp ~ 2.5 % due to B w Schillebeeckx et al., NDS, 113 (2012) 3054-3100 10-5 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 Time-of-flight / ns
σ(n,γ) measurements for 238 U at 12.5 m 10 1.1 3 238 U : 1.92 10-3 at/b C Y exp ϕ 102 kev 2.9 kev 238 U : 1.92 10-3 at/b Counts / (1/ns) Yield 10 1.0 2 0.9 10 1 0.8 10 0 0.7 10-1 E r = 6.673 ev 0.6 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 358 Time 360 - of - 362 flight / ns364 366 10 0 Time-of-flight / µs Internal normalization + WF depending on σ tot + flux 10 B(n,α) Yield B ϕ B ϕ,ov B ϕ,n Y cal REFIT 10-1 10-2 Y exp Cw Bw = N Y C B 2.9 kev ϕ ϕ ϕ Counts / (1/ns) 10 1 C w B w 2.0 1.5 1.0 16000 18000 20000 0.1 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 Time-of-fligth / ns Fixed background filters δn/n < 1.0 % 10-3 10-4 δy exp /Y exp ~ 2.5 % due to B w Schillebeeckx et al., NDS, 113 (2012) 3054-3100 10-5 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 Time-of-flight / ns
σ(n,γ) measurements for 232 Th at 12.5 m 10 4 10 3 TOF - spectrum / (1/ns) 10 3 10 2 10 1 102710 2850 132.00 18.83 5.19 ev 10 0 1 10 100 1000 C ' ϕ B ' ϕ Black Resonances Time-Of-Flight / µs 10 0 Y exp Cw Bw = N Y C B ϕ ϕ ϕ 232 Th(n,γ) t = 0.5 mm 10 2 10 1 C ' γ B ' γ C ' γ B ' γ B ' γ0 B ' B ' γ =a o B' γ0 + a 1 B' γ1 γ1 10 0 1 10 100 Time-Of-Flight / µs B ' γ1 B ' γ0 Internal normalization + WF depending on σ tot + flux 10 B(n,α) Y exp 10-1 10-2 Normalization URR Fixed background filters δa 1 /a 1 < 2 % & δa 0 /a 0 < 1% δn/n < 1.0 % 10-3 δy exp /Y exp ~ 1 % due to B w Borella et al., NSE 152 (2006) 1-14 10-4 20 22 24 10000 100000 Neutron Energy / ev See also 197 Au by B. Becker
σ(n,tot) RRR: Experimental data evaluation 0.65 0.60 E r = 36.68 ev Y exp Asymptotic scattering Resonance scattering (DBRC) EC-JRC-IRMM and KIT B. Becker and R. Dagan Capture at 12.5 m (GELINA) Yield 0.55 0.50 0.45 153.5 154.0 154.5 Time-of-flight / µs Dagan et al., ND2013
σ(n,tot) RRR: Experimental data evaluation 0.20 0.15 GELINA 60 m n_tof 185 m ENDF/B-VII.1 REFIT 0.15 0.10 0.05 Yield 0.10 0.05 0.00 344 346 348 350 352 0.00 300 400 500 600 Neutron energy / ev
σ(n,tot) RRR: Experimental data evaluation Yield 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 GELINA 60 m n_tof 185 m ENDF/B-VII.1 REFIT 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 845 850 855 860 0.00 600 700 800 900 1000 Neutron energy / ev
σ(n,tot) RRR: Experimental data evaluation Transmission 1.0 0.5 238 U : 1.85 10-4 at/b T exp T fit REFIT 0.0 1 10 100 1000 Neutron energy / ev
σ(n,tot) RRR: Experimental data evaluation Transmission 0.6 0.4 0.2 T exp ORELA 0.175 at/b T cal Derrien et al. T cal adjust E r, Γ n, R' 0.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 Neutron energy / ev
σ(n,tot) URR: Experimental data evaluation σ(n,tot) / barn 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 Harvey et al. Poenitz et al. BROND-2.2 CENDL-3.0 ENDF/B-VII.1 JEFF-3.1.2 JENDL 4.0 10 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Neutron energy / kev
σ(n,γ) URR: Experimental data evaluation (σ(n,γ) x E 1/2 ) / (b ev 1/2 ) 90 80 70 60 GELINA (prel.) Poenitz (1987) Carlson et al. (2009) ENDF/B-VII.1 50 1000 10000 100000 Neutron energy / ev
σ(n,γ) URR: Experimental data evaluation (σ(n,γ) x E 1/2 ) / (b ev 1/2 ) 90 80 70 60 GELINA (prel.) de Saussure et al. (x 0.85) Macklin et al. (x 0.92) RRR : x 1.15 Carlson et al. (2009) 50 1000 10000 100000 Neutron energy / ev
σ(n,γ) URR: Experimental data evaluation (σ(n,γ) x E 1/2 ) / (b ev 1/2 ) 90 80 70 60 GELINA (prel.) de Saussure et al. (x 0.85) Macklin et al. (x 0.92) Kazakov et al. Carlson et al. (2009) 50 1000 10000 100000 Neutron energy / ev
σ(n,γ) URR: Experimental data evaluation (σ(n,γ) x E 1/2 ) / (b ev 1/2 ) 90 80 70 60 GELINA (prel.) de Saussure et al. (x 0.85) Macklin et al. (x 0.92) Kazakov et al. Yamamuro et al. Carlson et al. (2009) Uncertainties quoted by Carlson et al.? 50 1000 10000 100000 Neutron energy / ev
Summary Evaluation in RRR Derrien et al. Transmission from ORELA Only capture data from ORELAST Capture data suffers from a bias on the normalization Evaluation in URR Total Harvey et al. (ORELA 200 m) and Poenitz et al. Capture Based on experimental data (LSQ) (Carlsson et al.) Only 1 data set from C 6 D 6 Improvements by including new data from measurements (n,γ) : at GELINA (C 6 D 6 at 12.5 and 60 m) and at n_tof (C 6 D 6 & BaF 2 ) (n,tot) : at nelbe and GELINA (transmission)
Perspectives New evaluation in RRR Transmission from ORELA, including Harvey et al. (+ limited data set from GELINA) Capture data from ORELAST Capture data from GELINA with C 6 D 6 at 12.5 m and 60 m Capture data from n_tof with C 6 D 6 and BaF 2 New evaluation in URR Total Harvey et al. (ORELA 200 m) and Poenitz et al. + data from measurements at GELINA and nelbe Capture Based on experimental data (LSQ) (Poenitz et al., Carlsson et al.) + data from measurements with C 6 D 6 at n_tof and GELINA (12.5 m and 60 m) Methodology applied for 232 Th and 197 Au : link with optical model 232 Th : Sirakov et al. ANE 35 (2008) 1223 197 Au : see presentation B. Becker (Sirakov et al., accepted in EPJA)
Contributors: B. Becker, J.C. Drohe, S. Kopecky, C. Lampoudis, D. Vendelbo, R. Wynants + LINAC operators EC JRC IRMM H.I. Kim NDC, KAERI, Daejeon, Republic of Korea C. Massimi, F. Mengroni Department of Physics, University of Bologna and sezione INFN of Bologna, Italy M. Moxon Scientific visitor, EC - JRC - IRMM I. Sirakov Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Sofia, Bulgaria T. Wright University of Manchester, UK Thank you for your attention