Skills Worksheet Chapter Review USING VOCABULARY 1. Academic Vocabulary Which of the following words is the closest in meaning to the word structure? a. evidence c. duty b. shape d. location Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the correct term from the word bank. cell organ cell membrane prokaryote organelles differentiate cell wall tissue 2. A(n) is the smallest structural and functional unit of living things. 3. Two types of are ribosomes and mitochondria. 4. During development, the cells of a multicellular organism, which allows them to be specialized. 5. A(n) is a group of cells working together to perform a specific function. UNDERSTANDING CONCEPTS Multiple Choice 6. Which of the following best describes an organ? a. a group of cells that work together to perform a specific job b. a group of tissues that belong to different systems c. a group of tissues that work together to perform a specific job d. a body structure, such as muscles or lungs 7. In eukaryotic cells, which organelle contains the DNA? a. nucleus c. smooth ER b. Golgi complex d. vacuole 8. Which of the following statements is part of the cell theory? a. All cells suddenly appear by themselves. b. All cells come from other cells. c. All organisms are multicellular. d. All cells have identical parts. Holt California Life Science 50 Cells: The Basic Units of Life
9. The surface area to volume ratio of a cell limits a. the number of organelles that the cell has. b. the size of the cell. c. where the cell lives. d. the types of nutrients that a cell needs. 10. Two types of organisms whose cells do NOT have a nucleus are a. prokaryotes and eukaryotes. b. plants and animals. c. bacteria and archaea. d. single-celled and multicellular organisms. Short Answer 11. Listing Describe the four levels of organization in multicellular organisms. INTERPRETING GRAPHICS Use the diagram below to answer the next three questions. D B C 12. Analyzing Is this a plant or an animal cell? A 13. Identifying Which letter identifies the structure that captures sunlight energy for photosynthesis? 14. Applying Which letter identifies the structure that makes proteins and lipids and that contains passageways through which substances move from place to place in the cell? Holt California Life Science 51 Cells: The Basic Units of Life
WRITING SKILLS 15. Creative Writing Write a paragraph from the perspective of an organelle in a plant cell. Describe which organelle you are and what you do for the cell. Include information about how your structure relates to your function. Holt California Life Science 52 Cells: The Basic Units of Life
CRITICAL THINKING 16. Concept Mapping Use the following terms to create a concept map: cells, organisms, Golgi complex, organ systems, organs, nucleus, organelle, and tissues. 17. Making Comparisons Compare the functions of the endoplasmic reticulum with the functions of the Golgi complex. Holt California Life Science 53 Cells: The Basic Units of Life
18. Evaluating Hypotheses One of your classmates states a hypothesis that all organisms must have organ systems. Is your classmate s hypothesis valid? Explain your answer. 19. Predicting Consequences What would happen if all of the ribosomes in your cells disappeared? INTERPRETING GRAPHICS Use the diagram below to answer the next question. 20. Making Inferences Describe what could happen to an organism if the organ system shown above failed to function properly. Holt California Life Science 54 Cells: The Basic Units of Life
21. Making Comparisons Compare how a plant cell retains its shape to how an animal cell retains its shape. Be sure to include in your explanation which cell parts are used by each type of cell to maintain its shape. 22. Making Comparisons Compare how a eukaryote stores DNA to how a prokaryote stores DNA. 23. Applying Concepts If you used a microscope to observe a heart cell and a skin cell, would you find that the two cells are exactly the same? Explain your answer. 24. Expressing Opinions How do you think cell differentiation affects an organism? Support your answer with examples. Holt California Life Science 55 Cells: The Basic Units of Life
MATH SKILLS Interpreting Graphics Use the diagram below to answer the next question. 6 mm 3 mm 2 mm 25. Analyzing Shapes What is the surface area to volume ratio for a cell that has the shape depicted in the diagram? Show your work below. CHALLENGE 26. Making Inferences A plant cell has chloroplasts that capture sunlight for photosynthesis. Plant cells have mitochondria that release energy that the cell can use to do work. Animal cells have mitochondria but do not have chloroplasts. How do animal cells get the sugars that mitochondria use to release energy? Holt California Life Science 56 Cells: The Basic Units of Life