Graphene Oxide
Wei Gao Editor Graphene Oxide Reduction Recipes, Spectroscopy, and Applications
Editor Wei Gao The Department of Textile Engineering Chemistry & Science, College of Textiles North Carolina State University Los Alamos, NM, USA ISBN 978-3-319-15499-2 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-15500-5 ISBN 978-3-319-15500-5 (ebook) Library of Congress Control Number: 2015938596 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Contents 1 Synthesis, Structure, and Characterizations... 1 Wei Gao 2 Spectroscopy and Microscopy of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide... 29 Matthew P. McDonald, Yurii Morozov, Jose H. Hodak, and Masaru Kuno 3 The Chemistry of Graphene Oxide... 61 Wei Gao 4 GO/rGO as Advanced Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion... 97 Gang Wu and Wei Gao 5 Graphene Oxides in Filtration and Separation Applications... 129 Zhiping Xu v
Abbreviations Chapter 1 AFM CCG CMG CNTs CP/MAS CVD DFT DRIFT DSC GO PAHs rgo SSNMR STEM STM TEM TGA XPS XRD Atomic force microscopy Chemically converted graphene Chemically modified graphene Carbon nanotubes Cross polarization/magic angle spinning Chemical vapor deposition Density functional theory Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform Differential scanning calorimetry Graphene oxide Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Reduced graphene oxide Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance Scanning transmission electron microscopy Scanning tunneling microscopy Transmission electron microscopy Thermal gravimetric analysis X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy X-ray diffraction Chapter 2 %A Percent absorption AOTF Acousto-optic tunable Filter APD Avalanche photodiode EMCCD Electron-multiplied charge-coupled device FFT Fast Fourier transform vii
viii Abbreviations FTIR NIR PL QY Fourier transform infrared Near infrared Photoluminescence Quantum yield Chapter 3 ATRP DMF EDA HER NEXAFS NMP OER ORR PAA PEI PMMA PVA THF Atom transfer radical polymerization Dimethylformamide Ethylenediamine Hydrogen evolution reaction Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure N-methylpyrrolidone Oxygen evolution reaction Oxygen reduction reaction Poly(allylamine) Polyetherimide Polymethyl methacrylate Poly(vinyl alcohol) Tetrahydrofuran Chapter 4 EDLCs GNSs LIBs NPMCs OER ORR PANI PEFCs PPy Electric double-layer capacitors rgo nanosheets Li-ion batteries Nonprecious metal catalysts Oxygen evolution reaction Oxygen reduction reaction Polyaniline Polymer electrolyte fuel cells Polypyrrole Chapter 5 FO ICP NF RO UF Forward osmosis Internal concentration polarization Nanofiltration Reverse osmosis Ultrafiltration