Subject Name: SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION ENGINEERING 3(2+1) COURSE OUTLINE (Name of Course Developer: Prof. Ashok Mishra, AgFE Department, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721 302) Module 1: Introduction and Concept of Soil Erosion Lesson 1: Introduction 1.1 Why Soil and Water Conservation? Lesson 2: Principles of Soil Erosion 2.1 Causes of Soil Erosion 2.2 Types of Soil Erosion 2.3 Agents of Soil Erosion 2.4 Factors Affecting Soil Erosion 2.5 Mechanics of Soil Erosion Module 2: Water Erosion and Control Lesson 3: Erosion Due to Water 3.1 Forms of Water Erosion 3.2 Factors Affecting Water Erosion 3.3 Types of Water Erosion Lesson 4: Agronomical Measures for Water Erosion Control 4.1 Mechanics of Water Erosion Control 4.2 Agronomical Measures of Water Erosion Control Lesson 5: Terraces for Water Erosion Control 5.1 Terraces and their Design 5.2 Bench Terracing 5.3 Types of Bench Terraces 5.4 Design of Bench Terraces 5.5 Alignment of Bench Terraces 5.6 Area Lost for Cultivation due to Bench Terracing 5.7 Maintenance of Bench Terraces 5.8 Solved Example of Terrace Design
Lesson 6: Bunding Methods for Water Erosion Control 6.1 Mechanical Measures for Water Erosion Control 6.2 Bunds (Contour Bunds, Graded Bunds) and their Design 6.3 Design Specification of Bunds 6.4 Construction of Bunds Lesson 7: Gully Erosion 7.1 Development of Gullies 7.2 Classification of Gullies 7.3 Principles of Gully Control 7.4 Gully Control Measures 7.5 Classification of Gully Control Measures or Structures 7.6 Design Criteria of TGCS Lesson 8: Drop Spillway 8.1 Permanent Gully Control Structures (PGCS) 8.2 Salient Features of PGCS 8.3 Planning for Design 8.4 Design Procedure 8.5 Basic Components of PGCS 8.6 Drop Spillway 8.7 Design of Drop Spillway Lesson 9: Drop Inlet Spillway 9.1 Design of Drop Inlet Spillways 9.2 Components of Drop Inlet Spillway Lesson 10: Chute Spillway 10.1 Components of Chute Spillway 10.2 Applicability 10.3 Material for Construction 10.4 Design Features Lesson 11: Earthen Dam 11.1 Components of An Earthen Dam 11.2 Advantages 11.3 Disadvantages 11.4 Types of Earthen Dam 11.5 Design Criteria 11.6 Design of Earthen Dam Lesson 12: Stream Bank Erosion 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Susceptible Area to Stream Bank Erosion 12.3 Process of Stream Bank Erosion
12.4 Bank Scour 12.5 Mass Failure 12.6 Impacts of Stream Bank Erosion 12.7 Causes of Stream Bank Erosion 12.8 Control Measures for Stream Bank Erosion Lesson 13: River Training and Stream Bank Protection 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Types of Rivers 13.3 Objectives of River Training 13.4 Methods of River Training 13.5 Design of Spurs Module 3: Wind Erosion, Estimation and Control Lesson 14: Wind Erosion and Its Estimation 14.1 Wind Erosion 14.2 Factors Affecting Wind Erosion 14.3 Mechanics of Wind Erosion 14.4 Estimation of Soil Loss Due to Wind Erosion Lesson 15: Wind Erosion Control Measures 15.1 Wind Erosion Control 15.2 Vegetative Measures 15.3 Tillage Practices 15.4 Mechanical Measures 15.5 Sand Dunes Stabilization Module 4: Soil Loss-Sediment Yield Estimation Lesson16: Soil Loss/Sediment Yield Estimation 16.1 Estimation of Soil Loss 16.2 The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) 16.3 Use of USLE 16.4 Limitations of Universal Soil Loss Equation 16.5 Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) 16.6 Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE) Lesson17. Erosivity and Erodibility 17.1 Erosivity of Rainfall 17.2 Soil Erodibility 17.3 Relationship between Rainfall Energy and Soil Erosion Lesson 18: Estimation of USLE Parameters 18.1 USLE Parameters
18.2 Assumptions and Estimation of USLE Parameters Module 5: Sedimentation Lesson 19: Sedimentation of Water Resources 19.1 Sedimentation 19.2 Sources of Sedimentation 19.3 Factors Affecting Sedimentation of Water Resources 19.4 Losses due to Sedimentation of Water Resources Lesson 20: Sediment Transport and Measurements 20.1 Mechanics of Sediment Transportation 20.2 Types of Sediments Transported Along with Streams 20.3 Methods of in Stream Sediment Measurements Lesson 21: In-stream Sediment Measurements 21.1 Location of Measurement 21.2 Frequency of Measurement 21.3 Number of Monitoring Stations 21.4 Observation and Collection of Sediment Samples 21.5 Estimation of Different Loads from Samples Lesson 22: Reservoir Sedimentation 22.1 Distribution of Sediments in Reservoirs 22.2 Distribution and Estimation of Reservoir Sedimentation 22.3 Factors Affecting the Sedimentation of Reservoirs 22.4 Rate of Reservoir Sedimentation- Sediment Delivery Ratio, Trap Efficiency 22.5 Reservoir Sedimentation Control Module 6: Topographic Survey and Contour Maps Lesson 23: Land Survey and Contour Maps 23.1 Survey of Land 23.2 Types of Maps and Mapping Units 23.3 Methods of Land Survey 23.4 Contour Maps Preparation 23.5 Uses of Contour Maps in SWCE Lesson 24: Leveling and Grading of Land 24.1 Purpose of Leveling and Grading of Land 24.2 Methods of Leveling and Grading 24.3 Design of Land Grades 24.4 Estimation of Earthwork in Leveling and Grading 24.5 Methods of End-Area Determination 24.6 Construction and Maintenance
Module 7: Land Use Capability Classification Lesson 25: Land Use and Capability Classification 25.1 Soil Use and Land Capability Classification 25.2 Land Capability Classes and their Characteristics 25.3 Land Capability Sub-Classes 25.4 Identification of Classes in Field 25.5 Arid and Semiarid, Stony, Wet, Saline-Sodic and Overflow Soils 25.6 Climatic Limitations 25.7 Wetness Limitations 25.8 Toxic Salts 25.9 Slope and Hazard of Erosion 25.10 Soil Depth 25.11 Previous Erosion 25.12 Available Moisture-Holding Capacity Module 11: Grassed Waterways Lesson 27: Grassed Waterways 27.1 Purpose of Grassed Waterways 27.2 Design of Grassed Waterways 27.3 Selection of Suitable Grasses 27.4 Construction Procedure and Maintenance Module 11: Water Harvesting Lesson 28: Water Harvesting 28.1 Importance of Water Harvesting 28.2 Types of Water Harvesting 28.3 Water Harvesting Technique 28.4 Runoff vs. Flood Water Harvesting Module 11: Water Quality and Pollution Lesson 29: Water Pollution 29.1 Types of Water Pollution 29.2 Sources of Water Pollution 29.3 Effects of Water Pollution Lesson 30 Water Quality 30.1 Importance of Water Quality 30.2 Standards of Water Quality for Different Uses 30.3 National Water Quality Monitoring Programme
Module 11: Watershed Modeling Lesson 31: Modeling of Watershed Processes 31.1 Model, Watershed Model and Modeling 31.2 Watershed Modeling-State of Art 31.3 Benefits of Watershed Modeling 31.4 Watershed Models Lesson 32: Case Study-Watershed Modelling for Soil and Water Conservation and Water Quality 32.1 Applications of Watershed Modelling 32.2 Setting up a Watershed Model- Steps and Requirements 32.3 Case Study 32.4 Hydrological Modelling for Future Water Quantity Assessment