This is a repository copy of All-acrylic film-forming colloidal polymer/silica nanocomposite particles prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/79025/ Article: Fielding, L.A., Tonnar, J. and Armes, S.P. (2011) All-acrylic film-forming colloidal polymer/silica nanocomposite particles prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization. Langmuir, 27 (17). 11129-11144. ISSN 0743-7463 https://doi.org/10.1021/la202066n Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version - refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher s website. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing eprints@whiterose.ac.uk including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. eprints@whiterose.ac.uk https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/
Supporting Information All-acrylic film-forming colloidal polymer/silica nanocomposite particles prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization Lee A. Fielding, Jeff Tonnar and Steven P. Armes* Figure S1. FT-IR spectra recorded for freeze-dried poly(methyl methacrylate-co-n-butyl acrylate)/silica nanocomposite particles with varying comonomer ratios. The C-H bands at 2995 and 2841 cm -1 due to methyl methacrylate residues become less prominent, while the band at 2874 cm -1 attributed to the C-H stretch of the n-butyl acrylate residues gradually becomes more intense.
Figure S2. 1 H NMR spectra of poly(methyl methacrylate-co-n-butyl acrylate)/silica nanocomposite particles prepared with varying comonomer ratios. With increasing n-butyl acrylate content the OCH 2 signal at 3.80-4.20 ppm increases, whereas the OCH 3 signal at 3.50-3.75 ppm due to methyl methacrylate residues is reduced. The copolymer/silica particles were freeze-dried and the organic component dissolved in CDCl 3 prior to NMR analysis. Table S1. Copolymer compositions for various poly(methyl methacrylate-co-n-butyl acrylate)/silica nanocomposite particles determined using 1 H NMR spectroscopy. a Targeted MMA : BuA weight ratio a Calculated MMA : BuA molar ratio b 100 : 0 100 : 0 100 : 0 90 : 10 91 : 9 89 : 11 80 : 20 86 : 14 83 : 17 70 : 30 76 : 24 72 : 28 60 : 40 64 : 36 58 : 42 50 : 50 60 : 40 54 : 46 40 : 60 47 : 53 40 : 60 30 : 70 36 : 64 30 : 70 Calculated MMA : BuA weight ratio b Comonomer ratio targeted in nanocomposite particle synthesis. Calculated molar and weight ratios determined from integration of 1 H NMR signal at 3.6 and 4.1 for MMA and BuA respectively. b
Figure S3. XPS survey spectra recorded for various freeze-dried poly(methyl methacrylateco-n-butyl acrylate)/silica nanocomposite particles. The poly(methyl methacrylate)/silica nanocomposite corresponds to entry 18 in Table 1 and the copolymer/silica nanocomposites correspond to entries 1-6 in Table 2. The freeze-dried powders were pressed onto indium foil prior to analysis.
Figure S4. Digital photographs of a 40:60 P(MMA-BuA)/silica nanocomposite film (A) prior to deformation, (B-E) deformation of the film by bending in various directions and (F) after manipulation. Thus such nanocomposite films are highly flexible and remain transparent throughout manipulation.
Figure S5. UV-visible absorption spectra recorded in transmission mode for a 50:50 poly(methyl methacrylate-co-n-butyl methacrylate)/silica film (entry 5 in Table 2) and the corresponding 50:50 poly(methyl methacrylate-co-n-butyl methacrylate) copolymer latex film prepared using ammonium persulfate initiator and sodium n-dodecyl sulfate (1.0 wt.% surfactant based on monomer). Each film had a mean thickness of approximately 250 µm.
Figure S6. Weight-average particle size distributions for poly(methyl methacrylate)/silica nanocomposite particles (a) formed when insufficient silica (scaled up version of entry 11 in Table 1) is present during homopolymerization and (b) after sonication of this flocculated nanocomposite dispersion. Known amounts of silica sol [(c) 5 wt. %, (d) 27 wt. % or (e) 53 wt. % based on the mass of nanocomposite particles] were then added to this flocculated dispersion, followed by sonication and DCP analysis to examine whether a higher degree of dispersion had been achieved.