Assessment Schedule 7B, 7E Wednesday, 03/20 -> Cell structure and func7on Test (25 T/F, comple7on, short answer ques7ons+ 1 essay ques7on) 7A, 7C, 7D Wednesday, 03/20 -> Cell structure and func7on Test (25 T/F, comple7on, short answer ques7ons+ 1 essay ques7on)
Life is Cellular Cell Theory Types of Cells Structural Organiza7on Plant Cells vs. Animal Cells Cell Processes: Homeostasis Levels of Organiza7on
Take turns reading aloud. Write in your notes. Watch video clip from YouTube. Cut and paste foldable into your notes.
Cell Theory
Life is Cellular Smallest living unit of any organism is the cell.
Discovery of the Cell: Did not know there were cells until the invention of microscope.
hqps://youtu.be/ue-86mdmjns
Tip: -Cut solid lines. -Fold doqed lines.
Use Passage to Answer Hooke Foldable Questions:
(1635-1703) A naturalist and scientist focus on biology and physics.
In 1665 he used his microscope on a sample of cork from a plant. He was the first person to see a cell. (Plant cell was not alive)
While looking at sample of cork under microscope, Hooke saw small compartments that reminded him of a monk s living quarters in a monastery called a cell.
Hooke s findings led to the scientific study of cells and the creation of the cell theory.
Based on the previous passage, who was the first person to see a living cell?
Anton van Leeuwenhoek Anton van Leeuwenhoek: 1632-1723 - Holland linen merchant - Hobby to make powerful lenses - 1st person to see live cells
hqps://youtu.be/epnbknvdpio
Title new page in notes: Time Line of Cell Theory
Time Line of Cell Theory Date: 1665 Robert Hooke -Used early compound microscope -Saw 1 st dead cell (cork) * Coined phrase cell 1673 Anton van Leeuwenhoek -Holland linen merchant -1 st person to see live cell
1838 Matthias Schleiden -German botanist -All plants are made of cells.
1839 Theodor Schwann -German biologist -All animals are made of cells.
1855 Rudolf Virchow -German physician -New cells can only be produced from division of existing cells. (*Stole idea from: Robert Remack)
* Write answers to ques7ons in notes. 1. Determine how many years took place between each scientist s discovery on cells. 2. How many years total did it take to come up with the Cell Theory? 3. Explain how the Cell Theory is an example of how science is the result of great debate and confirmation within the scientific community? 4. How does Spontaneous Generation and the Cell Theory show how scientific knowledge has changed when new evidence or new interpretations are encountered?
Time Line of Cell Theory 8yrs 165yrs 1yr 16yrs 190yrs Total
1. List the parts of the cell theory under the appropriate flap. 2. Include the name of the scien7sts who contributed to each part.
Write descrip7on under appropriate flap. All living things are made of one or more cells. -Schwann & Schleiden Cells are the smallest working unit of living things. -Schwann & Schleiden All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division. -Virchow
hqps://youtu.be/4opbylwh9du
Types of Cells
Procedures: 1. Cut out CELL pages. 2. Glue together according to the direc7ons on each page. 3. Answer the ques7ons on each page according to what you know and understand about cells.
Cells come in all shapes and sizes. These various shapes and sizes also reflect the different jobs each cell performs. Use the next foldable to explore some of the different types of cells you can find in your own body.
Procedures: 1. Cut out diagram and glue the glue down here side of the square into your notebook while leaving the flaps free. 2. Underneath each flap iden7fy each cell and describe how its shape affects its role in the human body. 3. In the center, define cell. 4. Crease along the doqed lines and fold in the sides followed by the boqom and top.
Sperm: -Male sex cell, -Fertilize egg during sexual reproduction. -Carries ½ of father s genetic information. -Whip like tail allows it to move quickly. Red Blood Cells: -Carry oxygen and carbon dioxide gases throughout the body. -Lack a nucleus -Doughnut shape that helps them carry molecules. White Blood Cells: -Large cells that aid in attacking foreign invaders to protect the body. Egg (Ovum): -Female sex cell -Fertilized by sperm during sexual reproduction -Carries ½ of mother s genetic information -Largest cell of the body because it must contain enough nourishment for the growing life form. Neuron: -Sends messages throughout body as part of nervous system. -Branching dendrites pick up electrical signals from other neurons and carry the message down the axon where it carries the message to the terminal where it continues to another neuron.
Basic structure of Cell = membrane + genetic information Cell Membrane: thin flexible barrier
Nucleus: large membrane enclosed structure that contains genetic information in the form of DNA and controls many of the cell's activities. Eukaryotes: cells that enclose their DNA in nuclei Prokaryotes: cells that do not enclose DNA in nuclei
hqps://youtu.be/rq-smcmwb1s
Ø Use the word bank below to write the similari7es and differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Refer to the text and images for help.
Plant cell Animal cell: human cheek cells Amoeba cell
While watching the video: 1. Observe the different structures and shapes of the cells. 2. Iden7fy the different cells men7oned. 3. Iden7fy the different parts of the cell men7oned. hqps://youtu.be/zufan_aetzi
Cells make up the 6 Kingdoms. Use what you learned about prokaryo7c and eukaryo7c cells and the word bank below to map out the 6 kingdoms based on the cell type and organism.
Eukaryotic Cells: Structural Organization of Cells Plant Cells vs. Animal Cells
Eukaryotic Cells: divided into two major parts, nucleus and cytoplasm Cytoplasm: the portion of the cell outside the nucleus Organelles: specialized "organs" inside cell. Little organs inside cells.
Step 1: Cut out each box. Step2: Glue defini7on sheet to empty sheet in notebook Step 3: glue animal cell picture on the doqed line to create flip up Defini7on sheet Animal cell picture
(Don t focus on filling in the parts just yet. We will go step by step for each one.)
Cytoplasm Supports and protects cell s organelles. Contains some nutrients for cell.
Nucleolus Nucleus Chromatin Nuclear Membrane allows material to move in and out of nucleus Control center of cell, contains all genetic information Genetic material,- DNA (chromosomes) which contain instructions for traits Makes ribosomes Define func7on of organelles in your foldable.
hqps://youtu.be/sl7be_pa_se
Vacuole Functions in storage, digestions, and waste removal
Lysosome Digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria. Disposal of the cell
(Not on foldable, need to handwrite) Cytoskeleton Cytoskeleton Structural support inside cell
hqps://youtu.be/pvz3cjy52o0
(Not on foldable, need to handwrite) (They look like mini Churros) Centrioles Centrioles: Help in animal cell division NOT in Plant cells
Ribosome Make protein
Transports proteins and breaks down toxins in the cell. Does not contain ribosomes. Transports proteins and breaks down toxins in the cell. Covered in ribosomes which make the proteins that are transported. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
hqps://youtu.be/eh5k8xykycs
Golgi Apparatus Processes and packages proteins & lipids. Moves materials within the cell and out of the cell in small sacs called vesicle
Mitochondria Powerhouse of the cell Produces energy (ATP) from sugar Through cellular respiration.
hqps://youtu.be/awnc9se5jpg
Cell Membrane Controls what goes in/out of cell. Protects and supports cell.
Step 1: Cut out each box. Step2: Glue defini7on sheet to empty sheet in notebook Step 3: Glue plant cell picture on the doqed line to create flip up
(Don t focus on filling in the parts just yet. We will fill out the different organelles together.)
Chloroplast capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into glucose in a process called photosynthesis.
Lytic Vacuole Help plant maintain shape Storage, digestion, and waste removal Functions similarly to a lysosome, Digests excess or worn out organelles, food Particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria Vacuole
Cell Wall strong supporting layer around the membrane. Support, shape, and protect the cell
Chloroplast Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Lytic vacuole Ribosome Golgi Apparatus Nuclear Membrane Mitochondria Nucleus Cell membrane Cell Wall Vacuole Cytoplasm Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Organelles only in Plant Cells Organelles found in Both Organelles only in Animal Cells
Organelles only in Plant Cells Chloroplast Cell Wall (Large Vacuole) Organelles found in Both Nucleus Mitochondria Cell Membrane Ribosomes Golgi Apparatus Cytoskeleton Vacuole Cytoplasm Smooth Endoplasmic Re7culum Rough Endoplasmic Re7culum Lysosome Organelles only in Animal Cells Centrioles
Use your notes to answer Ques7ons 1-14. Answer on a separate Sheet of paper. Turn in at the end of class.
Homeostasis and Cells Recognize and explore how cells of all organisms undergo similar processes to maintain homeostasis, including extracting energy from food, getting rid of waste, and reproducing.
In your notes 7tle a new page: Homeostasis and Cells Unicellular organisms dominate life on Earth. Just like other living things, unicellular organisms must maintain homeostasis. Homeostasis: relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions. To maintain homeostasis, unicellular organisms: grow respond to the environment transform energy reproduce
Unicellular Life: single celled organisms Prokaryotes: remarkably adaptable, can live almost everywhere- soil, on leaves, in ocean, in air, within organism Eukaryotes: (single celled) examples: algae- live in ocean, Yeast: unicellular fungi
All life must maintain homeostasis to survive. In this ac7vity you will explore what processes unicellular life uses to maintain homeostasis. The process a cell uses to maintain homeostasis include: Extrac7ng energy from food Gesng rid of waste Reproducing In your notes create the chart below. For each process the cell uses to maintain homeostasis, iden7fy the organelles used that would help accomplish the task (there may be more than one) and explain what the organelle does to complete the task to maintain homeostasis in the cell. ExtracCng Energy from Food GeFng Rid of Waste ReproducCon Unicellular Homeostasis Organelles used What organelle does
ExtracCng Energy from Food GeFng Rid of Waste ReproducCon Organelles used Mitochondria Lysosome Vacuole Cell Membrane Nucleus (DNA) Centrioles Cytoskeleton Unicellular Homeostasis What organelle does Power house of cell Does Cellular respira7on Breaks down waste Stores waste Controls what enters and leaves cell Instruc7ons for replica7on Help animals cell divide Provide cell with structural support and organize organelles
Multicellular Life: cells work together as a unit= interdependent (depend on each other to survive) become specialized for particular tasks and communicate with one another to maintain homeostasis.
Cell Specialization: Multicellular organisms are made up of specialized cells: for movement react to the environment produce substances that the organism needs. ü No matter what the job, each specialized cell contribute to homeostasis for the whole organism. Specialized Animal Cells Example: Cilia, hair like structure, line trachea, work together remove dust Specialized Plant Cells Example: Pine pollen, structure= 7ny, light, tough walls, and wigs. Allow for the ability to float in breeze
In your notes: Give an example of a type of cell in your body. How is it specialized? How does it work to maintain homeostasis of the whole organism? hqps://youtu.be/i8uxews9dju
Levels of OrganizaCon Of a Living Organism
Cell: smallest unit and structure of living organism. - Can be specialized to complete specific job. Tissue: group of similar cells that work together to complete a specific job. Organ: group of different tissues that work together to complete a specific job. Organ System: Group of organs that work together to perform a particular job. Organism: all levels working together - Created by a division of labor - Specialization - Interdependent: rely on each other Communication: - Chemical signals - Through cell connections - Receptors - junctions
hqps://youtu.be/zrfykdf4kdc