1 Electronic Supplementary Data Arylazoimidazole complexes of lead(ii)-halide and their photochromism Debashis Mallick a, Bharati Chowdhury b, Chandana Sen b, Kamal Krishna Sarkar c, Srikanta Jana b, Sudipa Mondal b & Chittaranjan Sinha b, * a Department of Chemistry, Mrinalini Datta Mahavidyapith, Birati, Kolkata 700 051, India b Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India c Department of Chemistry, Mahadevananda Mahavidyalaya, SN Banerjee Rd, Monirampore, Kolkata, West Bengal 700120, India Email: crsjuchem@gmail.com No. Contents Pg No. 1 Fig. S1 1 H NMR spectrum of Meaai-C 6 H 13 2 2 Fig. S2 1 H NMR spectrum of Meaai-C 8 H 17 2 3 Fig. S3 1 H NMR spectrum of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )I 2 ] n 3 4 Fig. S4 HRMS spectrum of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )I 2 ] n (11b) 3 5 Fig. S5 Spectral changes of Meaai-C 6 H 13 (2b) in MeOH upon repeated irradiation at 364 nm at 3 min interval at 25 0 C 6 Fig. S6 Photochromism of Meaai-C 6 H 13 (2b) in toluene and resistance to repeated irradiation upon UV light irradiation at 362 nm for 10 min followed by irradiation of visible light at 455 nm for 10 min 7 Fig. S7 The Eyring plots of rate constants of E-to Z thermal isomerisation of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 ) I) 2 ] (11b) at different temperatures 4 4 4 8 Fig. S8 FMOs of complexes 5b, 8b and 11b 5 9 Fig. S9 FMOs of 11b considering cleavage of Pb-N(azo) bond upon irradiation of UV light and the formation of three coordinated Pb(II)-motif 6 10 Table S1 1 H NMR spectral data in DMSO-d 6 at room temperature 7 11 Table S2 Results of photochromism, rate of conversion and quantum yields upon UV light irradiation of Raai-C n H 2n+1 in methanol at 298 K 12 Table S3 Frontier MOs, their energy and composition of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )Cl 2 ] (5b) 8 13 Table S4 Calculated spectral transitions of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )Cl 2 ] (5b) 8 14 Table S5 Frontier MOs, their energy and composition of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )Br 2 ] (8b) 9 15 Table S6 Calculated spectral transitions of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )Br 2 ] (8b) 9 16 Table S7 Frontier MOs, their energy and composition of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )I 2 ] (11b) 10 17 Table S8 Calculated spectral transitions of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )I 2 ] (11b) 10 7 18 Table S9 Frontier MOs, their energy and composition of three cordinated [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )I 2 ] (11b) 11 19 Table S10 Calculated spectral transitions of three cordinated [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )I 2 ] (11b) 11
2 Fig. S1 1 H NMR spectrum of Meaai-C 6 H 13 Fig. S2 1 H NMR spectrum of Meaai-C 8 H 17
3 Fig. S3 1 H NMR spectrum of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )I 2 ] n Fig. S4 HRMS spectrum of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )I 2 ] n (11b)
4 1.2 1.2 1.0 Trans-isomer 1.0 Decreasing Absorbance 0.8 cis-isomer 0.6 0.4 323 nm Absorbance 0.8 0.6 0.4 323 nm 433 nm 0.2 Isobestic point 0.0 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 Wavelength(nm) 0.2 433 nm Increasing Isobestic point 0.0 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 Wavelength(nm) Fig. S5 Spectral changes of Meaai-C 6 H 13 (2b) in MeOH upon repeated irradiation at 364 nm at 3 min interval at 25 0 C Fig. S6 Photochromism of Meaai-C 6 H 13 (2b) in toluene and resistance to repeated irradiation upon UV light irradiation at 362 nm for 10 min followed by irradiation of visible light at 455 nm for 10 min 14.50 14.25 14.00 -LnK/T 13.75 13.50 13.25 3.2x10-3 3.3x10-3 3.3x10-3 3.3x10-3 3.4x10-3 1/T Fig. S7 The Eyring plots of rate constants of E-to Z thermal isomerisation of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 ) I) 2 ] (11b) at different temperatures
5 5b 8b 11b LUMO+2 E-0.55 (Pb,22%;Cl,3%;L,75%) E-0.73eV (Pb,45%;Br,10%,L,45%) E-1.01eV(Pb,34%;I,9%,L,57%) LUMO+1 E--0.94 (Pb,1%;Cl,0%;L,98%) E-1.03eV(Pb,3%;Br,1%,L,96%) E-1.12eV (Pb,31%;I,9%,L,60%) LUMO E-3.45eV(Pb,1%;Cl,1%,L,98%) E-3.55eV(Pb,0%;Br,2%,L,98%) E-3.64eV(Pb,0%;I,2%,L,97%) HOMO E-6.17eV(Pb,19%;Cl,74%;L,7%) E-5.94eV(Pb,12%;Br,84%,L,4%) E-5.65eV(Pb,4%;I,94%,L,1%) HOMO-1 E-6.46eV(Pb,2%;Cl,97%;L,2%) E-6.07eV(Pb,2%;Br,97%,L,1%) E-5.75eV(Pb,6%;I,93%,L,2%) HOMO-2 E -6.58 ev(pb,0%;cl,94%;l,5%) E-6.22eV(Pb,0%;Br,98%,L,2%) E-5.87eV(Pb,0%;I,98%,L,2%) Fig. S8 FMOs of complexes 5b, 8b and 11b
6 LUMO+2, E = -1.01 ev,, Pb, 28%, MeaaiC 6 H 13, 64%, I, 8% LUMO+1, E = -1.13 ev,, Pb:37%, MeaaiC 6 H 13, 53%, I, 10%. LUMO, E = -3.64 ev; MeaaiC 6 H 13, 98%, I, 2% HOMO, E: -5.66 ev,, Pb:4%, MeaaiC 6 H 13, 1%; I, 95% HOMO-1; E: -5.77 ev,, Pb, 6 %; MeaaiC 6 H 13, 2%; I, 92%. HOMO-2,E: -5.87 ev, Pb:1%; MeaaiC 6 H 13, 2%; I, 98%. Fig. S9 FMOs of 11b considering cleavage of Pb-N(azo) bond upon irradiation of UV light and the formation of three coordinated Pb(II)-motif
7 Table S1 1 H NMR spectral data in DMSO-d 6 at room temperature Compounds 4-H s 5-H s 7,11-H d 8,10-H d 9-R s 12-CH 2 t CH 3 t CH 3 - (CH 2 )* -CH 2- bs [Pb(Haai-C 4 H 9 )Cl 2 ](4a) 7.70 7.28 7.81 (8.4) 7.54 7.55 4.53 1.04-1.12 [Pb(Meaai-C 4 H 9 )Cl 2 ] (4b) 7.68 7.27 7.79 (7.4) 7.53 2.43 4.49 (7.1) [Pb(Haai-C 6 H 13 )Cl 2 ] (5a) 7.68 7.29 7.84 7.51 7.57 4.56 (8.3) (6.4) [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )Cl 2 ] (5b) 7.69 7.28 7.79 (7.5) 7.52 2.42 4.47 (7.0) [Pb(Meaai-C 8 H 17 )Cl 2 ] (6a) 7.68 7.29 7.83 7.51 7.59 4.54 (7.8) [Pb(Haai-C 8 H 17 )Cl 2 ] (6b) 7.68 7.27 7.76 7.50 2.43 4.49 (7.7) (7.1) [Pb(Haai-C 4 H 9 )Br 2 ] (7a) 7.68 7.27 7.81 7.53 7.58 4.53 (8.5) [Pb(Meaai-C 4 H 9 )Br 2 ] (7b) 7.65 7.25 7.80 7.51 2.42 4.49 (7.4) (7.0) [Pb(Haai-C 6 H 13 )Br 2 ] (8a) 7.63 7.27 7.81 7.53 7.56 4.56 (8.3) (6.4) 0.88 0.85 0.81 1.03-1.24 1.01-1.12 1.03-1.23 1.07-1.10 1.04-1.07 1.02-1.24 1.02-1.23 1.03-1.14 [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )Br 2 ] (8b) 7.64 7.26 7.79 (7.4) 7.51 2.41 4.48 (7.01) [Pb(Meaai-C 8 H 17 )Br 2 ] (9a) 7.68 7.28 7.82 7.53 7.58 4.53 (7.8) [Pb(Haai-C 8 H 17 )Br 2 ] (9b) 7.62 7.28 7.75 7.52 2.43 4.47 (7.7) (7.3) [Pb(Haai-C 4 H 9 )I 2 ] n (10a) 7.58 7.28 7.81 7.51 7.55 4.53 (8.3) [Pb(Meaai-C 4 H 9 )I 2 ] (10b) 7.57 7.26 7.79 7.51 2.41 4.49 (7.4) (7.0) [Pb(Haai-C 6 H 13 )I 2 ] (11a) 7.57 7.29 7.80 7.50 7.58 4.55 (8.2) (6.4) [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )I 2 ] (11b) 7.56 7.27 7.78 7.50 2.40 4.49 (7.4) (7.0) [Pb(Heaai-C 8 H 17 )I 2 ] (12b) 7.58 7.27 7.81 7.52 7.59 4.52 (7.8) [Pb(Meaai-C 8 H 17 )I 2 ] (12b) 7.57 7.26 7.76 7.51 2.42 4.48 (7.6) (7.1) s Singlet; d Doublet; t Triplet; bs Broad Singlet; last -CH 3 of respective N-alkyl group 0.85 0.83 (6.4) (6.1) 0.84 1.01-1.23 1.09-1.15 1.04-1.22 1.02-1.12 1.02-1.24 1.01-1.12 1.02-1.23 1.09-1.10 1.03-1.02 Table S2 Results of photochromism, rate of conversion and quantum yields upon UV light irradiation of Raai-C n H 2n+1 in methanol at 298 K Compds λ π,π* (nm) Isobestic point (nm) Rate of E Z conversion x 10 9 (s -1 ) φ E Z conversion x 10 9 1a 363 328, 437 36.01 1.90± 0.005 1b 362 327, 430 35.71 1.87 ± 0.002 2a 363 325, 435 34.92 1.81± 0.001 2b 364 323, 433 34.09 1.79± 0.003 3a 364 330, 427 33.76 1.69± 0.004 3b 365 324, 435 32.14 1.65± 0.002
8 Table S3 Frontier MOs, their energy and composition of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )Cl 2 ] (5b) Orbital Energy(eV) Composition(%) Pb Chloride ligand LUMO+10 2.48 1 0 99 LUMO+9 2.34 0 0 100 LUMO+8 2.09 0 0 100 LUMO+7 0.95 14 1 85 LUMO+6 0.5 79 8 13 LUMO+5 0.19 60 8 31 LUMO+4 0.02 55 3 42 LUMO+3-0.25 35 4 62 LUMO+2-0.55 22 3 75 LUMO+1-0.94 1 0 98 LUMO -3.45 1 1 98 HOMO -6.17 19 74 7 HOMO-1-6.46 2 97 2 HOMO-2-6.58 0 94 5 HOMO-3-6.68 3 82 16 HOMO-4-6.8 1 12 88 HOMO-5-6.9 11 74 15 HOMO-6-7.41 10 50 40 HOMO-7-7.66 0 1 98 HOMO-8-7.91 13 49 39 HOMO-9-8.08 0 0 99 HOMO-10-8.72 1 1 98 Table S4 Calculated spectral transitions of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )Cl 2 ] (5b) E excitation (ev) λ excitation (nm) Oscillator Key transition Character strength (f) 2.4290 510.43 0.0104 (64%)HOMO-1 LUMO XLCT 2.9885 414.88 0.5952 (66%)HOMO LUMO XLCT, MLCT 3.1262 396.60 0.2226 (60%)HOMO-2 LUMO XLCT 3.4913 355.13 0.0291 (56%)HOMO-4 LUMO ILCT, XLCT 4.4633 277.79 0.0535 (95%)HOMO-9 LUMO ILCT 5.2169 237.66 0.0617 (83%)HOMO LUMO+1 XLCT, MLCT
9 Table S5 Frontier MOs, their energy and composition of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )Br 2 ] (8b) Orbital Energy(eV) Composition Pb Bromide ligand LUMO+10 2.45 0 0 100 LUMO+9 2.29 0 0 100 LUMO+8 2.05 0 0 100 LUMO+7 6 1 93 LUMO+6 0.26 77 11 12 LUMO+5-0.05 15 3 82 LUMO+4-0.28 81 9 11 LUMO+3-0.41 28 3 69 LUMO+2-0.73 45 10 45 LUMO+1-1.03 3 1 96 LUMO -3.55 0 2 98 HOMO -5.94 12 84 4 HOMO-1-6.07 2 97 1 HOMO-2-6.22 0 98 2 HOMO-3-6.33 3 92 4 HOMO-4-6.57 15 75 10 HOMO-5-6.86 0 1 99 HOMO-6-7.23 13 66 20 HOMO-7-7.75 0 0 100 HOMO-8-7.79 10 23 67 HOMO-9-8.17 0 0 100 HOMO-10-8.77 1 1 98 Table S6 Calculated spectral transitions of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )Br 2 ] (8b) E excitation (ev) λ excitation (nm) Oscillator Key transition Character strength (f) 2.8662 452.58 0.0723 (28%)HOMO-2 LUMO XLCT 2.9861 415.21 0.6390 (52%)HOMO LUMO XLCT, MLCT 3.1269 396.51 0.0581 (81%)HOMO-3 LUMO XLCT 4.1621 297.89 0.0323 (49%)HOMO-9 LUMO ILCT 4.9962 248.16 0.0873 (64%)HOMO-1 LUMO+1 XLCT
10 Table S7 Frontier MOs, their energy and composition of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )I 2 ] (11b) Orbital Energy(eV) Composition Pb Iodide ligand LUMO+10 2.41 0 0 100 LUMO+9 2.24 0 0 100 LUMO+8 2.0 0 0 100 LUMO+7 0.74 3 0 97 LUMO+6-0.0 69 10 21 LUMO+5-0.18 19 3 78 LUMO+4-0.53 13 1 86 LUMO+3-0.63 83 9 8 LUMO+2-1.01 34 9 57 LUMO+1-1.12 31 9 60 LUMO -3.64 0 2 97 HOMO -5.65 4 94 1 HOMO-1-5.75 6 93 2 HOMO-2-5.87 0 98 2 HOMO-3-6.01 3 94 3 HOMO-4-6.29 18 75 8 HOMO-5-6.91 5 23 72 HOMO-6-6.98 13 51 36 HOMO-7-7.81 3 3 93 HOMO-8-7.82 5 6 88 HOMO-9-8.25 0 0 100 HOMO-10-8.83 1 1 99 Table S8 Calculated spectral transitions of [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )I 2 ] (11b) E excitation (ev) λ excitation (nm) Oscillator Key transition Character strength (f) 2.6641 465.39 0.0166 (59%)HOMO-3 LUMO XLCT 2.9756 416.67 0.7729 (80%)HOMO-2 LUMO XLCT 3.4412 360.29 0.0277 (96%)HOMO-7 LUMO ILCT 4.1837 330.28 0.0238 (84%)HOMO-9 LUMO ILCT 4.4254 280.16 0.0791 (68%)HOMO-10 LUMO ILCT 4.9464 250.65 0.0739 (42%)HOMO LUMO+3 XMCT N.B: Metal to ligand charge transfer(mlct); Ligand to metal charge transfer(lmct); Intra ligand charge transfer(ilct); Halide(X) to metal charge transfer(xmct); Halide(X) to ligand charge transfer(xlct)
11 Table S9 Frontier MOs, their energy and composition of three cordinated [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )I 2 ] (11b) Orbital Energy(eV) Composition Pb Iodide ligand LUMO+10 2.46 1 0 99 LUMO+9 2.26 0 0 100 LUMO+8 2.05 0 0 100 LUMO+7 0.74 4 0 96 LUMO+6-0.03 71 10 19 LUMO+5-0.17 18 2 80 LUMO+4-0.53 8 1 90 LUMO+3-0.62 97 09 04 LUMO+2-1.01 28 8 64 LUMO+1-1.13 37 10 53 LUMO -3.64 00 02 97 HOMO -5.66 04 95 01 HOMO-1-5.77 06 92 02 HOMO-2-5.87 01 98 02 HOMO-3-6.02 03 94 03 HOMO-4-6.30 17 75 08 HOMO-5-6.91 06 27 68 HOMO-6-6.98 12 47 41 HOMO-7-7.81 00 00 100 HOMO-8-7.83 09 10 81 HOMO-9-8.25 00 00 100 HOMO-10-8.79 01 00 99 Table S10 Calculated spectral transitions of three cordinated [Pb(Meaai-C 6 H 13 )I 2 ] (11b) E excitation (ev) λ excitation (nm) Oscillator Key transition Character strength (f) 2.6206 473.12 0.0258 (45%)HOMO-6 LUMO XLCT 3.0844 401.97 0.0243 (78%)HOMO-5 LUMO LLCT 3.1623 392.07 0.6419 (49%)HOMO-6 LUMO XLCT 3.5240 351.83 0.0281 (95%)HOMO-7 LUMO LLCT 3.9145 316.73 0.0193 (69%)HOMO LUMO+1 XLCT 4.2394 292.46 0.0132 (43%)HOMO LUMO+3 XMCT N.B: Metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT); Ligand to metal charge transfer (LMCT); Intra ligand charge transfer (ILCT); Halide (X) to metal charge transfer (XMCT); Halide(X) to ligand charge transfer (XLCT)