Aims: October 26, 2016 SWBAT read a geological time scale and identify important events. Agenda 1. Do Now 2. Class Notes 3. Guided Practice 4. Independent Practice 5. Practicing our AIMS: Homework: EH.1 Geological Time Scale How will you help our class earn all of our S.T.R.I.V.E. Points? 1
Aim Check: 2
SCIENCE 8 Geological Time Scale EH.1 Name: Date: Homeroom: Earth s History Shoooo I m GROWN! OBJECTIVES: By the end of class, students will be able to SWBAT read a geological time scale and identify important events. DO NOW Match the type of rock with its description: Igneous Rock Metamorphic Sedimentary a. Sediments compacted together b. Cooled magma or lava c. Rock that went through heat and pressure Fill in the missing parts of the rock cycle below using the terms in the box. Compaction and cementation (CC) Melting Cooling Heat and Pressure 3
Think of 5 important events. Explain what happened and when they took place (what year) Place them on the time scale below. Then divide up the time scale into before school, elementary school, middle school. Explore: Time Scale 1. What: When: 2. What: When: 3. What: When: 4. What: When: 5. What: When: By the end of today you will be able to say why this never happened. 4
CLASS NOTES EARTH S TIME SCALE VOCABULARY The Earth is _ A GEOLOGICAL TIME SCALE is a o o Geologists divide time into 2 major eons: ERA: PERIOD: 5
EONS to ERAS to PERIODS PRECAMBRIAN TIME o Starts with the planet's creation o Ends with the development of complex, multi-celled life-forms Time in between is divided into three ERAS: o o o PHANEROZOIC o Starts with an explosion of life o Considered still occurring. Time in between is divided into three ERAS: o o o 6
Use the Geological time scale below to answer the questions on the next page. 7
Geological Time Line Scavenger Hunt Question Answer Which came first: fish, amphibians, or reptiles? During what era did vascular plants appear? In which period do we live now? About how many years ago did the first fish appear? What animal first appeared in the Pennsylvanian period? About how many years were dinosaurs alive? How many mass extinctions have there been? 8
WE DO: Guided Practice Directions: For vocabulary word, give the definition (explain it to a kindergartener). Draw a picture to illustrate the word. Term HOW IT WORKS Picture PRECAMBRIAN EON PHANEROZOIC EON ERA PERIOD 9
Directions: Select the correct answer for each question. Fill in the bubble completely. 1. A period that took place during the Paleozoic era is A Quaternary B Permian C Proterozoic D Triassic 2. Which of these numbers is closest to the age of the Earth? A 4,600 years B 460,000 years C 46 million years D 4.6 billon years 3. What is the main purpose of the geological time scale? A To organize the major eras of Earth s history B To compare very short and very long periods of time C To compete with other non-geologic time scales D To help people understand that the planet is really old 4. What era was the Permian period in? A Cenozoic B Mesozoic C Paleozoic D Achean 5. How many years ago what the Cambrian period? A 405 to 430 million years B 430 to 500 million years C 500 to 570 million years D 570 to 2,500 million years 10
YOU DO: Independent Practice Who s Telling the Truth? Read each of the statements below. Then find the organism that is making the statement. Based on when that organism lived, is it lying or telling the truth? 1. I m one of the first jawed fishes. I do have to be careful, though, because there are many sharks around me. I told (the truth / a lie ) because 2. I m one of the first amphibians that ever lived, and I love to walk around Pangaea. I told (the truth / a lie ) because 3. I m one of the first humans, and I lived during the Cenozoic era. I told (the truth / a lie ) because 4. I m a giant dinosaur who loves to eat some of the earliest birds. I told (the truth / a lie ) because 5. I was a very early fish, and I lived when there was no oxygen in Earth s atmosphere. I told (the truth / a lie ) because 11
1. Each EON is divided into a number of ERAS. What are the three eras? 2. Each ERA is divided into PERIODS. Find the JURASSIC period in the period column. What types of animals do you think dominated Earth during the Jurassic? 3. The other two columns are for YEARS AGO and LIFE AND ENVIRONMENT. What was one important event that occurred between 250 and 290 million years ago? 4. How many years ago was the age of fishes? 5. How many years ago was the Earth made out of molten rock? 6. What was one important even that occurred between 2 and 67 million years ago? Choose one period to illustrate what life was like then: Period: 12
Use your geological time scale and what you have learned today to explain why comics that show humans and dinosaurs together are not real and could have never happened. Please be sure to use evidence from the Geological Time Scale! 13
BEAST MODE! ARCHAEOPTERYX AND THE CHICKEN: SCIENTISTS TRY TO DETERMINE DINO COLORS By Philadelphia Inquirer, adapted by Newsela staff 03.27.14 PHILADELPHIA Scientists who study animals and plants from the time of the dinosaurs have a mystery on their hands. They are arguing about what some spots, or blobs, mean. Scientists currently think the blobs are super small remains of ancient pigment granules bits of animal coloring. Scientists think the blobs are clues to the colors of winged dinosaurs. But a new study offers a different explanation and has upset some scientists. Alison E. Moyer is studying for an advanced degree at North Carolina State University. She says the oval-shaped blobs might simply be remains from very old bacteria. Bacteria are tiny living things. All animals have bacteria growing inside of them. A Time Machine The blobs on the dinosaur feathers are also tiny. They are just one-millionth of a meter long. Their size and shape could mean they are bacteria, but it could also mean they are color bits. You have these little structures that look very similar, and so we have to be careful, said Moyer. She is the lead author of the study's paper published this month. One researcher, Matthew D. Shawkey, has responded on the Internet. He says Moyer's study has problems. Shawkey thinks the blobs are something called melanosomes, or pigment granules. Others in the field have been more accepting of Moyer s work, saying it is a helpful challenge to established views. People who study dinosaurs and other prehistoric life are called paleontologists. Paleontology is different than other types of science because what they study is long gone. The only sure way to answer certain questions about the ancient world would be to travel back in a time machine. Failing that, Moyer found a living time machine: a chicken. Paleontologists consider birds to be modern dinosaurs. Moyer took chicken feathers and grew bacteria on them. She compared the bacteria with the pigment granules inside the feathers. She also compared them with the impressions found in ancient feathers from winged dinosaurs. Pigment Or Bacteria? The size, shape, and other characteristics of the spots suggest they are bacteria. But it is still possible that they were pigment granules, she said. Her work was overseen by N.C. State's Mary H. Schweitzer, a well-known paleontologist. 14
Shawkey is an associate professor at the University of Akron and he disagrees with Moyer. He said on Twitter that the new research was bad science. Shawkey was involved in a 2012 study that determined the feathers of the winged dinosaur Archaeopteryx were black. He had several problems with Moyer s paper. The biggest issue he had was how two images were placed together. One showed oval-shaped bacteria on a chicken feather. The other showed similar-shaped impressions found in a feather from an Archaeopteryx. The dark shapes in the two images look about the same size. Shawkey argues that the bacteria on the chicken feathers are actually much bigger. He says they are four times as long as the impressions in the Archaeopteryx feathers. That s not a good way to give confidence in your paper, Shawkey said. Shapes And Colors Moyer counters that the bacteria are closer to twice the length of the impressions on the Archaeopteryx feathers. To the untrained eye, the graininess of the image makes it a bit hard to tell who is right. Another scientist who has said the shapes were pigment granules thought the Moyer study was useful. It s always good to take one step back, said Johan Lindgren. He is an associate professor at Lund University in Sweden. So how did the other scientists find anything out about the color of dinosaur feathers? After all, the only thing left of the color bits were in fossils. The key was their shape. Scientists looked at what shapes were associated with which colors in modern birds. Then they found that various winged dinosaurs were black, gray or brown. But they are not sure. "There s a ton of work that needs to be done, Moyer said. 15
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Science 8 Name: SKILL SNAPSHOT Date: Homeroom: EH.1: Geological Time Scale Quick Notes: Like A Scholar? Yes No Redo? Yes No Directions: Select the correct answer for each question. Fill in the bubble completely. 1. Mesozoic is an example of an: A year B period C environment D ear 2. What era are we currently in? A Cenozoic B Mesozoic C Paleozoic D Proterozoic 3. What ere and period did the age of dinosaurs begin and there were the first mammals. A Paleozoic; Cambrian B Paleozoic; Silurian C Mesozoic; Jurassic D Mesozoic; Triassic 4. How many millions of years ago did life appear on Earth? A 2 to 67 million years ago B 2 to 67 million years ago C 2500 to 3800 million years ago D 3800 to 4600 million years ago 17
Directions: Answer the following questions in COMPLETE sentences. RACE 5. The movie Jurassic Park is famous for showcase of dinosaurs scientists would expect to see around flowing plants. Determine a more scientifically accurate name for the movie. 6. Mr. Pfander is a huge fan of shark week. After Mr. Searles (finally!) gets a student to invent a time machine, Mr. Pfander is excited to travel to when sharks first developed. Determine which period Mr. Pfander should visit and describe what else he should expect to see. Just For Fun! Draw a picture of what Mr. Pfander might see: 18