Subject: Exam Board: AQA Welcome to A-level Biology. We are delighted that you are considering A-level Biology as an option in Year 12. To demonstrate your commitment to the course and to prepare you for September, you must complete the following tasks to the best of your ability. These tasks are compulsory and must be completed prior to your first Biology lesson in Year 12. We expect you spend around 2 hours completing the tasks outlined in this pack. The activities have been designed to help you begin to develop some of the key skills you will need for A- level Biology. THIS ACTIVITY WILL NEED HANDING IN ON YOUR FIRST BIOLOGY LESSON IN SEPTEMBER. Learning Objectives: To develop a basic understanding of the ultrastructure of an animal cell. To research the functions of each organelle. To use microscopy to find out how much a cell has been magnified. Contacts for Support: Mr Beech, Mr Milward, Mrs North or Mr Gilson Please email via INSIGHT/ visit Science Prep Room What is Biology? Biology is the study of all living things!! All life on Earth exists as cells. These have basic features in common. Differences between cells are due to the addition of extra features. This provides indirect evidence for evolution. All cells arise from other cells, by binary fission in prokaryotic cells and by mitosis and meiosis in eukaryotic cells. All cells have a cell-surface membrane and, in addition, eukaryotic cells have internal membranes. The basic structure of these plasma membranes is the same and enables control of the passage of substances across exchange surfaces by passive or active transport. Cell-surface membranes contain embedded proteins. Some of these are involved in cell signalling communication between cells. Others act as antigens, allowing recognition of self and foreign cells by the immune system. Interactions between different types of cell are involved in disease, recovery :
from disease and prevention of symptoms occurring at a later date if exposed to the same antigen, or antigen-bearing pathogen. Task 1: Label the following organelles on this diagram. You will need to add on some more label lines!!!!!! E D A B C Mitochondrion Nucleoplasm Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Vesicles Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Lysosomes Cell Membrane Ribosome :
Golgi apparatus Nucleolus T ask 2: Research the function of each of these organelles Mitochondrion - Nucleoplasm - Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - Vesicles - Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - Cell Membrane - Lysosomes - Ribosome - Golgi apparatus - Nucleolus :
Task 3: Investigating cell ultrastructure using microscopy. The picture is of an electronic image of a mitochondrion. Its real, actual size is 5um long. Your task is to find out by how many times the picture has been magnified!! To help you do this, complete the following steps. 1. Find out the equation that is used to calculate magnification. Clue: You are looking for the I AM triangle. 2. Measure the length of the mitochondrion in mm. 3. Find out how to convert this to um (micrometers). :
4. Using the number you have just worked out and the actual size given in the question, calculate the magnification of the image. :