Life Science 7 Chapter 9-1 p 222-227 Classification: Sorting It All Out Objectives Explain why and how organisms are classified. List the eight levels of classification. Explain scientific names. Describe how dichotomous keys help in identifying organisms. Classification What is it? classification: Why do it? there are millions of species, trying to learn about each one is too tough by grouping them into categories, we can study them much easier Levels of Classification From largest to smallest _ How to remember it?
How it Works: What are all of these organisms? List the organisms below. What do they all have in common? What domain do they belong to? Kingdom: What s missing? List the organisms now missing from the above list.. What Kingdom is represented? Phylum: What s missing? List the organisms missing from the kingdom list: What do they all have in common? What phylum do they belong to? Class: What s missing? List the organisms now missing below. What do they all have in common? What class do they belong to? Order: What s missing? List the missing organisms below.
What do they all have in common? What order do they belong to? Family: What s missing? List the missing organisms below. What do they all have in common? What family do they belong to? Genus: What s missing? List the missing organisms below. What do they all have in common? What genus do they belong to? Species: What s missing? the species level only contains one organism the, Felis cattus missing from before is the (Felis chaus) What is Taxonomy? is the Father of Taxonomy He developed the modern method of biological classification Used to classify organisms (during the 1730 s-70 s) Formed the basis for our theory of evolution
Modern Classification We still use evolutionary relationships to group organisms together organisms with a common ancestor are placed in the same group see above for examples (phylum through genus) Branching Diagrams A branching diagram (called a cladogram) is used to show relationships between organisms Organisms located closer together on the branching diagram are more closely related As you add more and more traits, the number of organisms on a branch decreases Sketch a quick cladogram below (see page 204, fig 4) Scientific Names What is this animal called? has lots of common names ( ) over 40 in English alone! it s scientific name is (or Puma concolor) Scientific names are used for the following reasons name is : (eliminates confusion) name is generally : tells you something about the organism ex: concolor = of the same color (no spots or stripes) Scientific names are usually in this language is the basis for many worldwide languages this language is dead, so is unlikely to change Scientific name must have two parts, the species name includes the genus! the species name of humans is Homo sapiens, not just sapiens!!
9-1 Worksheet Name: Period: Date: Dichotomous Keys A guide that allows you to identify an unknown organism by working through a series of choices http://www.lnhs.org/hayhurst/ips/dichot/index.htm Directions: Give each of the following creatures a name. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 7. 6. 8. 10.
9. Now, create your own dichotomous key below to identify all 10 of your organisms. Hints: First divide up the creatures into two large groups, then divide each of the large groups into smaller groups until you only have one organism remaining. Write a yes or no question for each group to narrow down the choices remaining!