Investigating Popular Water odels Albert DeFusco, Ken Jordan Center for olecular and aterials Simulations
What are we modeling? OOOOOLLLLLDDDDDEDEEEENENNNNNN OOLL D E OOOOOLLLLLDDDDDEDEEEENENNNNNN OOLL D E defaults used OOOOLLLLLDDDDDEEEEENNNNN OOOLLDDEENN defaults used last point defaults used point 0 point 0 (H₂O)₂ (H₂O)₆ OOLLD E N OOOOOLLLLLDDDDDDEEEEEN ENNNNN defaults used point 0 (H₂O)₂₁ OOOOLLLLDDDDEEEENNNN OOOLLLDDDEEENNN defaults used single point de lts fau 0 ed int us po NNNNNNNNNN DDDDDEDEDEDEDEDEEEEE OOOOOLOLOLOLOLOLLLLL de fau lts po int 0 us ed O OOOLL O LLLDDD E DDEEENN E NNN (H₂O)₇ OOOOLLLLDDDDEEEEN OOOLLLDDDEE defaults used point 0
aking Simple odels Electrostatics Interaction of charge densities Polarization Distortions of charge density of one monomer due to the electric field from other monomers Exchange / Repulsion Short range interactions Dispersion Long range interactions
Overview Elec. Pol. Rep. Disp. DC Charges Single dipole Oxygen: Lennard-Jones TT2-R Charges (damped) Distributed dipoles Oxygen: R 12,R 10,R 6 AOEBA ultipoles Distributed dipoles All atom Buffered 14-7 DPP Charges Distributed Dipoles All atom exponential Oxygen: damped R 6
Difference Plots Point Charges compared to P2/aug-ccpVTZ E(DPP)-E(P2)
Difference Plots Point Charges compared to P2/aug-ccpVTZ E(DPP)-E(P2) large region of difference Two out-of-plane regions where lone pair electrons may reside
Difference Plots ultipoles charge, dipole, quadrupole from P2/aug-cc-pVTZ calculation compared to P2/aug-ccpVTZ E(GDA)-E(P2)
Difference Plots ultipoles Very close to P2 Can be expensive to implement
Polarization by induced dipoles Induced dipole is the most popular method Single site tends to underpolarize Distributed polarizability must be damped at short range Can be compared to 3-body energies
Polarization Energy Single site: underpolarized distributed: over damped
3-body Decomposition water hexamer isomers TABLE I: hexamer 3-body and binding energies (kcal/mol) Cluster P2 a DC AOEBA TT2-R DPP book 6.252 9.959 7.478 9.215 cage 7.41 5.125 9.067 6.755 8.187 ( 9.13) prism 7.25 5.547 8.550 6.203 7.673 ( 8.90) ring 9.67 7.046 10.946 8.303 10.386 ( 11.60) a P2/aug-cc-pVTZ BSSE corrected energies. Numbers in parenthesis are flexible monomer calculations.
3-body Decomposition water hexamer isomers TABLE I: hexamer 3-body and binding energies (kcal/mol) Cluster P2 a DC AOEBA TT2-R DPP book 6.252 9.959 7.478 9.215 cage 7.41 5.125 9.067 6.755 8.187 ( 9.13) prism 7.25 5.547 8.550 6.203 7.673 ( 8.90) ring 9.67 7.046 10.946 8.303 10.386 ( 11.60) a P2/aug-cc-pVTZ BSSE corrected energies. Numbers in parenthesis are flexible monomer calculations.
3-body Decomposition water hexamer isomers TABLE I: hexamer 3-body and binding energies (kcal/mol) Cluster P2 a DC AOEBA TT2-R DPP book 6.252 9.959 7.478 9.215 cage 7.41 5.125 9.067 6.755 8.187 ( 9.13) prism 7.25 5.547 8.550 6.203 7.673 ( 8.90) ring 9.67 7.046 10.946 8.303 10.386 ( 11.60) a P2/aug-cc-pVTZ BSSE corrected energies. Numbers in parenthesis are flexible monomer calculations.
3-body Decomposition water hexamer isomers TABLE I: hexamer 3-body and binding energies (kcal/mol) Cluster P2 a DC AOEBA TT2-R DPP book 6.252 9.959 7.478 9.215 cage 7.41 5.125 9.067 6.755 8.187 ( 9.13) DPP has only point-charges! prism 7.25 5.547 8.550 6.203 7.673 ( 8.90) ring 9.67 7.046 10.946 8.303 10.386 ( 11.60) a P2/aug-cc-pVTZ BSSE corrected energies. Numbers in parenthesis are flexible monomer calculations.
Repulsion/Dispersion Typically just oxygens are allowed to interact Dang-Chang and TT2-R Using all atoms allows for greater geometric flexibility AOEBA and DPP
Relaxed flap angles Interaction energy θa θd
defaults used point 0 Relaxed versus fixed 15 Repulsion / Dispersion Repulsion / Dispersion 40 10 DPP DPP Energy (kcal/mol) 5 0 AOEBA TT2-R 20 TT2-R AOEBA 0-5 TT2-R TT2-R -10 DPP Electrostatics + Polarization AOEBA 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3 OO Distance (Å) -20 DPP AOEBA Electrostatics + Polarization 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3 OO Distance (Å) relaxed flap angles fixed flap angles O L D E N O O L L D L D E D E N E N N O O L L D L D E D E N E defaults used point 0
Distributed Point Polarizable odel Point charges undamped interaction allows for charge-penetration-like effects Distributed induced dipoles improves 3-body interactions Repulsion / Dispersion all-atom repulsion damped R 6 dispersion
Acknowledgments The Jordan Group Dr. Thomas Sommerfeld Dr. Daniel Schofield Jun Cui Valerie ccarthy
Distributed ultipoles Based on Stone s Generalized Distributed ultipole Analysis (GDA) Point-moment expansion from ab initio density AOEBA Up to quadrupole on each atom q,µ,θ q,µ,θ q,µ,θ scaled to fix dimer geometry
Point Charges Reproduce experimental dipole µ 1.85 Debye q+ q+ Negative charge on the -site 2q 0.2 Å towards the hydrogens