December 30th (2018) Inflationary particle production and non-gaussianity Yi-Peng Wu RESearch Center for the Early Universe (RESCEU) The University of Tokyo based on: arxiv[the last day of 2018?] see also Yi Wang, YPW, Jun ichi Yokoyama, Siyi Zhou JCAP07 068 (2018)
Heavy particles during inflation
Standard single-field inflation with Einstein gravity PLANCK (2018) Tensor-to-scalar ratio (r0.002) 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 Convex Concave 0.94 0.96 0.98 1.00 Primordial tilt (n s ) TT,TE,EE+lowE+lensing TT,TE,EE+lowE+lensing +BK14 TT,TE,EE+lowE+lensing +BK14+BAO Natural inflation Hilltop quartic model attractors Power-law inflation R 2 inflation V 2 V 4/3 V V 2/3 Low scale SB SUSY N =50 N =60 olarization at low and high multipol e n s = 0.9649 ± 0.0042 at 68 % CL. se is found to be consistent with sp No evidence beyond slow-roll (nor feature in the potential).
UV completion of single-field inflation m << H
UV completion of single-field inflation m H
The origin of heavy particles SUSY breaking / SUGRA? Baumann & Green [1109.0292] Yamaguchi [1101.2488] m ~ H heavy-lifted SM particles? Chen, Wang & Xianyu [1610.06597] Kumar & Sundrum [1711.03988] GUT / extra-dim? Kumar & Sundrum [1811.11200]
Particle production & non-gaussianity
The resonance peaks Particle Data Group 2018 gure 10: Plot of R (e + e! hadrons)/ (e + e! µ + µ ) as a function of the center-of-mas gure adapted from [108]).
The Z resonance a slide from Daniel Baumann resonance Cross section (nb) EFT Center-of-mass energy (GeV)
The simplest non-gaussian observable h 3 i EFT particle production - k long /k short
wave interference The source 1(~r, t) =A 1 (~r)e i[!t 2(~r, t) =A 2 (~r)e i[!t 1(~r)] 2(~r)] The intensity Z I(~r) = dt A 2 1 + A 2 2 +2A 1 A 2 cos[ 1 2 ] credit: physics@tutorvista.com = 1 + 2
cosmological quantum interference Two sources in de Sitter space (k, ) Ô(k) 3/2 analytic waves (k, ) Ô+ (k) + + Ô (k) analytic + non-analytic waves fixed by isometries of ds: ± = 3 r m 2 ± i 2 9 H 2 4 The correlation function D ˆQ[,,, ] E = (non-oscillatory) + (oscillatory) non-analytic effects
The signal of Higgs
h Chen, Wang & Xianyu [1610.06597] Chen, Wang & Xianyu [1612.08122] h Kumar & Sundrum [1711.03988] h ) larger f NL
Spontaneous symmetry breaking during inflation 4 h4 hhi 6=0 tachyonic mass Kumar & Sundrum [1711.03988] Rh 2 F (, @ µ )h 2
Heavy-lifting from EFT Kumar & Sundrum [1711.03988] (weak-coupling) L inf-gauge int = c 1 @ µ (H D µ H)+ c 2 2 (@ )2 H H + c 3 4 (@ )2 DH 2 + c 4 4 (@ )2 Z 2 µ + c 5 5 (@ )2 @ µ (H D µ H)+ conclusion for non-gaussianity Goldstone EFT Goldstone EFT Slow-roll Models F with 5H with 10H with 60H h 1 10 0.1 1 0.01 0.1 Z 0.1 1 0.01 0.1 0.001 0.01
Heavy-lifting from broken symmetry L 1 2 1+ h2 2 (@ µ ) 2 1 2 (@ µh) 2 H = p 1 0 2 h This work
Heavy-lifting from broken symmetry Equilibrium state: hhi = ± 0 / p m 2 h = 2 2 0. R R =( 2 + h 2 ) 1/2, = /,
Heavy-lifting from broken symmetry θ!!! strong-coupling 1 3 2! weak-coupling Λ! Parameter space for the -h system with =0.01. The green area is the flat-dec / < p. The meshed area is incompatible with the Naturalness condition
(!"!#$%) scale of heavy Higgs µ h (m 2 h + µ 2 ) 1/2 = m h /c h, Λ " μ!! non-perturbative light Higgs heavy Higgs strong-coupling does not necessarily violate perturbativity.
dispersion relations ω + (1) ω + (2) 10 ω - (1) ω - (2) (1) µ h <H 5 (2) µ h >H ω /! 1 0.5 0.01 0.10 1 10 100! / "
Power spectrum P : Higgs contribution to power spectrum Δ!ζ /! ζ * 100 10 1 EoM EFT in-in 0.10 heavy Higgs 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 θ /! two-field inflation quasi-single field inflation c 2 h! 1 c 2 h! 1/3
Bispectrum (equilateral limit) k 1 = k 2 = k 3 3 2!!" 1 0 2 4 6 8 10 θ /! *
Bispectrum (from equilateral to squeezed) k 1 = k 2 = ck 3 6 5 m h 2 = 0.9 m h 2 = 0.95 1.5 m h 2 = 1.5 m h 2 = 2!! "θ / (-! ) 4 3 2!! "θ / (-! ) 1.0 0.5 1 0 0.0 10-4 0.001 0.010 0.100 1! 10-4 0.001 0.010 0.100 1! shapes beyond single-field inflation
Heavy Higgs production h X i Ô i i 10 6 δh - δh + 1. 10-4 δ!! 1. 10-14 1. 10-24 1. 10-34 10-10 - 0.01 10 the non-analytic scaling with strong-coupling: r s µ 2 L h! h 9 H 2 4 = m 2 h 9 H 2 c 2 h 4 η See also An et. al [1706.09971] for three-point functions
REMARKS and outlook Heavy particle production are encoded as non-analytic momentum scaling in primordial non-gaussianity. SM particles can be observable in non-gaussianity by heavy-lifting. Efficient particle production from spontaneous symmetry breaking and strong-couplings. Challenge for cosmological collider: SM signals or new physics? L h! r µ 2 h H 2 9 4 = s m 2 h H 2 c 2 h 9 4
contact process m H exchange process m H