Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica Vol123 No12 April 2006 : 1000 3851 (2006) 02 0059 06 23 2 4 2006 3, (, 300160) :, 4 / 3D 2 0 30 45 60 90 :,, ; 4,, ;,, : ; ; : TB332 ; V258. 3 : A Mechanical anisotropy of three dimensional woven composites YAN G Caiyun 3, L I Jialu (Composites Research Institute, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300160, China) Abstract : On2axis and off 2axis tensile, compress, bend properties of four kinds of different structural carbon/ epoxy 3D layer 2to 2layer orthogonal angle interlock woven composites along 0, 30, 45, 60, 90directions are evaluated based on a series of experiment and analysis. The result s show that 3D angle interlock woven composites belong to the orthogonal anisotropic material. The strength2direction and modulus2direction curves of tensile, compress and bend seem to be maple leaf s, and are characterized by double major axis. There are some differences between these four kinds of different structures composites in mechanical anisotropic properties, and better compo2 sites with larger strength and modulus in the warp direction are the layer 2to 2layer angle interlock structures with stuffer warp, and, by contrast, better composites with larger strength and modulus in the weft direction are the lay2 er2to2layer angle interlock structures with denser weft density. It is emphasized that predicted mechanical properties can be achieved if fiber kind, fiber size, preform structure and yarn density are chosen reasonably. Keywords : 3D woven composites ; mechanical properties ; anisotropy X Y Z,,,,, 1, [15 ], [6, 7 ] 4 3D 030456090, 1. 1 3D : 2005 05 18 ; : 2005 06 13 : (023604811) :,,, E2mail : yangcaiyun @tjpu. edu. cn
60, GB 1447-83 GB 1449-83 GB 3856-83, NASA2942 cr4609 ( SHIMADZU ) A G2250 KN E,, 15, l = 15 h ( h ), 60 mm,,,,, 1 1 Specimen for compress ; 2, 3 Cuniform clamp ; 4 Reinforce plate ; 5 Base 1 Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of compress clamp, 50 mm 25 mm 2 mm, GB 1447-83 (),,,, 1. 2 1. 2. 1 4 2 [8, 9 ], 2 No11 ; No12 ; No13 ; No14,, 1 4, ( TORA YCA) T700SC212 K250C No. 1 Table 1 Structural parameters of preforms Warp density/ (ends cm - 1 ) Weft density/ (ends cm - 1 ) 1 40. 8 14. 4 2 40. 8 10. 0 3 35. 0 17. 0 4 35. 0 16. 2 1. 2. 2 R TM ( Resin Transfer Molding),, + +, 1. 26 g/ cm 3 86 # ( Epoxy resin) 2 4, No. 2 Table 2 Specimen dimension and f iber volume fraction / ( ) Tension size/ mm Fiber volume fraction/ % 1 0 250 25. 3 4. 2 57. 02 1 30 250 25. 1 4. 1 62. 80 1 45 250 25. 1 4. 2 62. 23 1 60 250 25. 2 4. 1 61. 84 1 90 250 25. 4 4. 1 60. 06 2 0 250 25. 3 4. 2 54. 54 2 30 250 25. 2 4. 2 59. 31 2 45 250 25. 2 4. 3 57. 99 2 60 250 25. 0 4. 2 56. 50 2 90 250 25. 0 4. 3 56. 14 3 0 250 24. 8 4. 1 57. 12 3 30 250 25. 3 4. 1 61. 12 3 45 250 25. 3 4. 2 61. 65 3 60 250 25. 4 4. 2 60. 67 3 90 250 25. 4 4. 2 60. 64 4 0 250 25. 5 4. 2 59. 22 4 30 250 25. 2 4. 1 57. 34 4 45 250 25. 5 4. 2 56. 62 4 60 250 25. 5 4. 1 56. 60 4 90 250 25. 4 4. 3 55. 72 :
, : 61 2 4 Fig. 2 Three2dimensional schematic diagrams of four kinds of woven preforms 2 2. 1 3 4 0 30 45 60 90 3, 4, 4, 4 1 2. 2 4 4 0 30 45 60 90 4, 4, 4, 2 1 3 Fig. 3 Tensile strengt h and modulus
62 3 ( MPa) ( GPa) Table 3 Tensile strength ( MPa) and modulus ( GPa) / ( ) No. 1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4 Strengt h Modulus Strengt h Modulus Strengt h Modulus Strengt h Modulus 0 735. 87 93. 67 687. 36 87. 71 543. 27 61. 17 569. 47 45. 54 30 260. 83 23. 73 238. 31 16. 60 289. 07 23. 64 244. 45 18. 55 45 179. 37 22. 52 154. 81 16. 39 232. 99 22. 23 238. 98 17. 60 60 134. 75 21. 41 135. 57 18. 80 215. 80 25. 53 306. 67 19. 93 90 479. 83 55. 42 274. 95 34. 45 669. 35 52. 60 512. 98 53. 14 4 ( MPa) ( GPa) Table 4 Compress strength ( MPa) and modulus ( GPa) / ( ) No. 1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4 Strengt h Modulus Strengt h Modulus Strengt h Modulus Strengt h Modulus 0 239. 54 74. 35 237. 90 48. 90 157. 67 55. 27 156. 85 46. 71 30 191. 64 23. 67 184. 49 18. 92 187. 56 28. 47 204. 75 18. 95 45 172. 41 20. 04 181. 41 18. 71 183. 87 16. 09 162. 58 16. 31 60 220. 71 26. 10 218. 26 26. 07 207. 19 24. 30 163. 40 19. 81 90 245. 27 47. 78 280. 06 35. 42 383. 36 59. 30 327. 55 52. 76 5 Fig. 5 Bend strengt h and modulus 2. 3 4 Fig. 4 Compress strengt h and modulus 5 4 0 30 45 60 90 5, 4, 4, 4 1 3 3 5 : (1),,,
, : 63 5 ( MPa) ( GPa) Table 5 Bend strength ( MPa) and modulus ( GPa) / ( ) No. 1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4 Strengt h Modulus Strengt h Modulus Strengt h Modulus Strengt h Modulus 0 573. 75 36. 35 621. 25 37. 34 279. 38 50. 68 332. 50 22. 74 30 240. 00 11. 28 285. 00 16. 77 235. 00 16. 28 267. 50 16. 17 45 195. 00 9. 98 216. 25 11. 00 232. 50 12. 56 236. 25 11. 83 60 236. 25 14. 50 250. 00 13. 83 257. 50 13. 70 266. 25 13. 48 90 375. 00 32. 64 322. 50 33. 24 575. 63 49. 01 571. 25 42. 56 2, 4,,,, ;,, (3) 2, 4, ( ),,,, 6, [10 ] No. 4 No. 1 No. 2,,, ;, Z, Z ( ) (4),,,,, 6 No. 3 (a) 0 (b) 30 Fig. 6 Photos of tensile rupture specimen of No. 3 in (a) 0 and (b) 30 (2) 4 No. 1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4,, No. 3 No. 4 No. 1 No. 2 1 No. 1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4, No. 3 4,, 4, No. 1 No. 2, No. 3 No. 4 :,, : [ 1 ] Byun J H. Limiting Values of Process Parameters for 32D
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