Quantum-State Selective Decay Spectroscopy of 213 Ra and 53 Co m

Quantum-State Selective Decay Spectroscopy of 213 Ra and 53 Co m Ch. Lorenz 1, L.G. Sarmiento 1, D. Rudolph 1, C. Fahlander 1, U. Forsberg 1, P. Golubev 1, R. Hoischen 1, N. Lalović 1,2, A. Kankainen 3, T. Eronen 3, L. Canete 3, D. Cox 3, J. Hakala 3, A. Jokinen 3, V. Kolhinen 3, J. Koponen 3, I. Moore 3, P. Papadakis 3, I. Pohjalainen 3, J. Reinikainen 3, S. Rinta-Antila 3, S. Stolze 3, A. Voss 3, M. Block 2,4,5, J. Gerl 2, D. Ackermann 2, M.L. Cortes 2, M. Dworschak 2, T. Habermann 2, F.P. Heßberger 2,4, J. Khuyagbaatar 2, I. Kojouharov 2, N. Kurz 2, D. Nesterenko 2, H. Schaffner 2, L.-L. Andersson 6, C. Droese 7, M. Eibach 5, J. Ketelaer 5 1 Department of Physics, Lund University, S-221 Lund, Sweden 2 GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany 3 Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, FI-414 Jyväskylä, Finland 4 Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, D-5599 Mainz, Germany 5 Institut für Kernchemie, Universität Mainz, D-55128 Mainz, Germany 6 Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom 7 Universität Greifswald, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany

Outline 1. Geant4-aided Quantum-state Selec4ve Decay Spectroscopy Setup and Simula4on 2. The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra 3. The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m? proton decay 1.53(1) MeV b p ~ 1.5% 213@88 Ra 213@87 Fr 29@86 213@86 Rn Rn 29@85 At 25@84 Po 29@84 Po 25@83 Bi 511 328 215 11 4. Conclusion & Outlook

Geant4-aided Quantum-state Selective Decay Spectroscopy Setup and Simulation

Setup and Simulation Incoming Beam Cocktail

Setup and Simulation Penning Trap Incoming Beam Cocktail

Setup and Simulation Penning Trap Incoming Beam Cocktail Purifica4on Trap Superconduc4ng Magnet (Measurement Trap)

Setup and Simulation Penning Trap Incoming Beam Cocktail Outgoing Beam A Single Quantum State Purifica4on Trap Superconduc4ng Magnet (Measurement Trap)

Setup and Simulation Penning Trap Detectors Incoming Beam Cocktail Outgoing Beam A Single Quantum State Purifica4on Trap Superconduc4ng Magnet (Measurement Trap)

Setup and Simulation Incoming Beam Cocktail Penning Trap Outgoing Beam A Single Quantum State Detectors Implanta4on DSSSD Purifica4on Trap Superconduc4ng Magnet (Measurement Trap)

Setup and Simulation Incoming Beam Cocktail Penning Trap Outgoing Beam A Single Quantum State Detectors Implanta4on DSSSD Purifica4on Trap Silicon Box 4x(DS)SSD Superconduc4ng Magnet (Measurement Trap)

Setup and Simulation Incoming Beam Cocktail Penning Trap Outgoing Beam A Single Quantum State Detectors Implanta4on DSSSD Purifica4on Trap Superconduc4ng Magnet (Measurement Trap) Silicon Box 4x(DS)SSD Cluster & Clover type HPGe Detectors

Setup and Simulation Incoming Beam Cocktail Penning Trap Outgoing Beam A Single Quantum State Detectors TASISpec [1] Implanta4on DSSSD Purifica4on Trap Superconduc4ng Magnet (Measurement Trap) Silicon Box 4x(DS)SSD Cluster & Clover type HPGe Detectors [1] L.-L. Andersson et al., Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 622, 164 (21).

Setup and Simulation Incoming Beam Cocktail Purifica4on Trap Penning Trap Superconduc4ng Magnet Outgoing Beam A Single Quantum State (Measurement Trap) Silicon Box 4x(DS)SSD Detectors TASISpec [1] The whole detector setup is implemented in Geant4 [2] Implanta4on DSSSD Cluster & Clover type HPGe Detectors [1] L.-L. Andersson et al., Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 622, 164 (21). [2] L.G. Sarmiento, L.-L. Andersson, D. Rudolph, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 667, 26 (212).

Setup and Simulation Incoming Beam Cocktail Purifica4on Trap Penning Trap Superconduc4ng Magnet Outgoing Beam A Single Quantum State (Measurement Trap) Silicon Box 4x(DS)SSD Detectors TASISpec [1] The whole detector setup is implemented in Geant4 [2] à Geant4-aided Quantum-state Selec5ve Decay Spectroscopy [1] L.-L. Andersson et al., Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 622, 164 (21). [2] L.G. Sarmiento, L.-L. Andersson, D. Rudolph, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 667, 26 (212). Implanta4on DSSSD Cluster & Clover type HPGe Detectors

Setup and Simulation Comparing virtual experiment with the real experiment how?

Setup and Simulation Comparing virtual experiment with the real experiment how? Comparing spectra: Gamma spectra Par4cle (alpha/proton) spectra Coincidence spectra

Setup and Simulation Comparing virtual experiment with the real experiment how? Comparing spectra: Gamma spectra Par4cle (alpha/proton) spectra Coincidence spectra Criteria: Spectrum shape Spectrum height (norm should be ~ 1) Peak intensi4es Tune the parameters: à Branching ra4os, transi4on mul4polari4es, mixing ra4os,

The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra

The Alpha-Decay Branching in 213 Ra 1/2-2.74(6) min 213@88 Ra 213 Ra

The Alpha-Decay Branching in 213 Ra 1/2-2.74(6) min 213@88 Ra 511 (1/2 - ) 328 215 11 28.8(1) min (3/2 - ) (3/2 - ) 1/2-5/2-29@86 Rn 29 Rn 213 Ra 211 212 Fr Fr 21 Rn 211 Rn

The Alpha-Decay Branching in 213 Ra 511 328 215 11 28.8(1) min 41 511 15 296 328 113 218 15 215 11 (1/2 - ) (3/2 - ) (3/2 - ) 1/2-5/2-29@86 Rn 1/2-2.74(6) min 213@88 Ra 29 Rn 213 Ra 211 212 Fr Fr 21 Rn 211 Rn

The Alpha-Decay Branching in 213 Ra 1/2-2.74(6) min 213@88 Ra 511 328 215 11 28.8(1) min 41 511 15 296 328 113 218 15 215 11 (1/2 - ) (3/2 - ) (3/2 - ) 1/2-5/2-29@86 Rn 29 Rn 211 Fr 21 Rn 213 Ra 212 Fr 211 Rn 29@85 At 5.42(5) h 27 At 28 At 29 At 21 At 25 Po 26 Po 27 Po 28 Po 29 Po 25@84 Po 1.74(8) h 124(3) y 29@84 Po 25 Bi 15.31(4) d 25@83 Bi

The Alpha-Decay Branching in 213 Ra 1/2-2.74(6) min 213@88 Ra 511 328 215 11 28.8(1) min 41 511 15 296 328 113 218 15 215 11 (1/2 - ) (3/2 - ) (3/2 - ) 1/2-5/2-29@86 Rn 34.82(14) s 213@87 Fr 29 Rn 213 Ra 212 Fr 211 Fr 213 Fr 21 Rn 211 Rn 29@85 At 5.42(5) h 27 At 28 At 29 At 21 At 25 Po 26 Po 27 Po 28 Po 29 Po 25@84 Po 1.74(8) h 124(3) y 29@84 Po 25 Bi 15.31(4) d 25@83 Bi

The Alpha-Decay Branching in 213 Ra 1/2-2.74(6) min 213@88 Ra 511 328 215 11 28.8(1) min 41 511 15 296 328 113 218 15 215 11 (1/2 - ) (3/2 - ) (3/2 - ) 1/2-5/2-29@86 Rn 34.82(14) s 213@87 Fr 19.5(1) ms 213@86 Rn 29 Rn 213 Ra 212 Fr 211 Fr 213 Fr 21 Rn 211 Rn 212 Rn 213 Rn 29@85 At 5.42(5) h 27 At 28 At 29 At 21 At 211 At 25 Po 26 Po 27 Po 28 Po 29 Po 25@84 Po 1.74(8) h 124(3) y 29@84 Po 25 Bi 15.31(4) d 25@83 Bi

The Alpha-Decay Branching in 213 Ra 511 328 215 11 28.8(1) min 41 511 15 296 328 113 218 15 215 11 (1/2 - ) (3/2 - ) (3/2 - ) 1/2-5/2-29@86 Rn 1/2-2.74(6) min 213@88 Ra 8% α 2% β/ec es4mate 34.82(14) s 213@87 Fr 19.5(1) ms 213@86 Rn 29 Rn 213 Ra 212 Fr 211 Fr 213 Fr 21 Rn 211 Rn 212 Rn 213 Rn 29@85 At 5.42(5) h 27 At 28 At 29 At 21 At 211 At 25 Po 26 Po 27 Po 28 Po 29 Po 25@84 Po 1.74(8) h 124(3) y 29@84 Po 25 Bi 15.31(4) d 25@83 Bi

The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra Many quan44es in the 213 Ra decay path date back to the first studies by K. Valli et al. in 1967/1968 [3] [3] K. Valli et al., Phys. Rev. 161, 1284 (1967).

The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra Many quan44es in the 213 Ra decay path date back to the first studies by K. Valli et al. in 1967/1968 [3] Later studies by Raich et al. [4] and Kuusuniemi et al. [5] focus on the decay 213 Ra à 29 Rn [3] K. Valli et al., Phys. Rev. 161, 1284 (1967). [4] D.G. Raich et al., Z. Phys. A 279, 31 (1976). [5] P. Kuusiniemi et al., Eur. Phys. J. A 3 551(26).

The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra Many quan44es in the 213 Ra decay path date back to the first studies by K. Valli et al. in 1967/1968 [3] Later studies by Raich et al. [4] and Kuusuniemi et al. [5] focus on the decay 213 Ra à 29 Rn 213 Ra decay is a good candidate for a proof of principle for Geant4-aided Quantum-state Selec:ve Decay Spectroscopy [3] K. Valli et al., Phys. Rev. 161, 1284 (1967). [4] D.G. Raich et al., Z. Phys. A 279, 31 (1976). [5] P. Kuusiniemi et al., Eur. Phys. J. A 3 551(26).

The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra Many quan44es in the 213 Ra decay path date back to the first studies by K. Valli et al. in 1967/1968 [3] Later studies by Raich et al. [4] and Kuusuniemi et al. [5] focus on the decay 213 Ra à 29 Rn 213 Ra decay is a good candidate for a proof of principle for Geant4-aided Quantum-state Selec:ve Decay Spectroscopy Experiment @ GSI Darmstadt in 29 [3] K. Valli et al., Phys. Rev. 161, 1284 (1967). [4] D.G. Raich et al., Z. Phys. A 279, 31 (1976). [5] P. Kuusiniemi et al., Eur. Phys. J. A 3 551(26).

The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra Many quan44es in the 213 Ra decay path date back to the first studies by K. Valli et al. in 1967/1968 [3] Later studies by Raich et al. [4] and Kuusuniemi et al. [5] focus on the decay 213 Ra à 29 Rn 213 Ra decay is a good candidate for a proof of principle for Geant4-aided Quantum-state Selec:ve Decay Spectroscopy Experiment @ GSI Darmstadt in 29 Quantum-state selec:ve beam from SHIPTRAP (mass selec4on!) [6]: 1% pure beam of 213 Ra ground state [3] K. Valli et al., Phys. Rev. 161, 1284 (1967). [4] D.G. Raich et al., Z. Phys. A 279, 31 (1976). [5] P. Kuusiniemi et al., Eur. Phys. J. A 3 551(26). [6] M. Block et al., Eur. Phys. J. D 45, 39 (27).

The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra à Particle (α) spectrum Counts/1keV 12 1 8 6 4 Experiment Simulation 2 4 45 5 55 6 65 E α [kev]

The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra à Particle (α) spectrum 511 328 215 11 29@86 Rn 213@88 Ra 213@87 Fr 213@86 Counts/1keV 12 1 8 6 4 Experiment Simulation 29@85 At 25@84 Po 29@84 Po 25@83 Bi 2 4 45 5 55 6 65 E α [kev]

The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra à Gamma spectrum 1 Counts/1keV 8 6 4 Experiment Simulation 2 6 8 11 12 14 16 18 2 22 E γ [kev]

The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra 1/2 - à Gamma spectrum 1 511 328 215 11 15 296 41 511 328 218 113 15 215 (1/2 - ) (3/2 - ) (3/2 - ) 1/2-213 11 5/2 - Counts/1keV 8 6 4 Experiment Simulation 29@86 Rn 2 6 8 11 12 14 16 18 2 22 E γ [kev]

The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra à Coincidence spectra Experiment Simulation 45 Counts/2keV 35 25 15 α-γ coincidence 5 5 54 58 62 66 E α [kev]

The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra à Coincidence spectra Experiment Simulation 45 18 Counts/2keV 35 25 15 α-γ coincidence 14 1 6 Gate on X-rays 5 2 5 54 58 62 66 5 54 58 62 E α [kev] 66

The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra à Coincidence spectra Experiment Simulation 45 18 Counts/2keV 35 25 15 α-γ coincidence 14 1 6 Gate on X-rays 2 15 1 25 Gate on 11keV gamma 5 2 5 5 54 58 62 66 5 54 58 62 66 5 54 58 62 66 E α [kev]

The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra 1.2 1. α spectrum γ spectrum α spectrum gated on X-rays α spectrum gated on 11keV γ norm.98 213 Ra 212 Fr 211 Fr 213 Fr.96 29 Rn 21 Rn 211 Rn 212 Rn 213 Rn 27 At 28 At 29 At 21 At 211 At.94 25 Po 26 Po 27 Po 28 Po 29 Po 8 83 BR( 213 Ra α 29 Rn) [%] 86 25 Bi

The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra What has changed?

The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra What has changed? 1/2-213@88 Ra 511 328 215 11 15 296 41 511 218 113 328 - (1/2 ) - (3/2 ) - (3/2 ) 215 15-1/2 11-5/2 29@86 Rn 213@87 Fr

The Alpha Decay Branching in 213 Ra What has changed? 1/2-213@88 Ra 511 328 215 15 296 41 511 218 113 328 - (1/2 ) - (3/2 ) - (3/2 ) 213@87 Fr 11 215 15 1/2-11 5/2-29@86 Rn δ(e2/m1) ~.5

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m 3174 19/2-247(12)ms 53@27 Co 242(8)ms 7/2 -

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m 3174 19/2-247(12)ms 53@27 Co 242(8)ms 7/2-162 ~1% 9/2-1328 42(8)% 56(8)% 9/2-7/2-8.51(2)min 53@26 Fe 378 5/2-7/2-3/2-53@25 Mn 53@24 Cr 1% 3.7(4) 1 6 y

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m 3174 19/2-247(12)ms 53@27 Co 242(8)ms 7/2-2.54(2)min 162 ~1% 9/2-234 1328 42(8)% 34 56(8)% 19/2-11/2-9/2-7/2-8.51(2)min 53@26 Fe 378 5/2-7/2-3/2-53@25 Mn 53@24 Cr 1% 3.7(4) 1 6 y

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m 3174 19/2-247(12)ms 53@27 Co 242(8)ms + 8.275(8)h 7/2-52@26 Fe 2.54(2)min 162 ~1% 9/2-234 1328 42(8)% 34 56(8)% 19/2-11/2-9/2-7/2-8.51(2)min 53@26 Fe 378 5/2-7/2-3/2-53@25 Mn 53@24 Cr 1% 3.7(4) 1 6 y

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m 3174 19/2-247(12)ms 53@27 Co 2.54(2)min ~1% 42(8)% 56(8)% 378 5/2-7/2-3/2-53@25 Mn 53@24 Cr 1% 162 9/2-34 234 1328 3.7(4) 1 6 y 19/2-11/2-9/2-7/2-8.51(2)min 53@26 Fe 242(8)ms 7/2-99% 1% + 546 52@26 378 Fe 8.275(8)h 5.591(3)d 1418 1 + 2 + 6 + 52@25 Mn 1434 21.2(2)min 98% 2 + 52@24 Cr +

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m 378 5/2-7/2-3/2-53@25 Mn 53@24 Cr 1% 2.54(2)min 162 ~1% 9/2-42(8)% 34 234 1328 56(8)% 3.7(4) 1 6 y 19/2-11/2-9/2-7/2-3174 8.51(2)min 53@26 Fe 19/2-247(12)ms 53@27 Co 242(8)ms 7/2-99%? 1% + 546 52@26 378 Fe proton decay 1.53(1) MeV b p ~ 1.5% 8.275(8)h 5.591(3)d 1418 1 + 2 + 6 + 52@25 Mn 1434 21.2(2)min 98% 2 + 52@24 Cr +

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m Proton radioac4vity was discovered in 197 in the 19/2 - isomeric state of 53 Co [7,8] [7] K.P. Jackson et al., Phys. Lett. 33B, 281 (197). [8] J. Cerny et al., Phys. Lett. 33B, 284 (197).

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m Proton radioac4vity was discovered in 197 in the 19/2 - isomeric state of 53 Co [7,8] half-life T 1/2 Q-value Branching ra4o b p [7] K.P. Jackson et al., Phys. Lett. 33B, 281 (197). [8] J. Cerny et al., Phys. Lett. 33B, 284 (197).

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m Proton radioac4vity was discovered in 197 in the 19/2 - isomeric state of 53 Co [7,8] half-life T 1/2 à measured Q-value à measured Branching ra4o b p à estimated to b p ~ 1.5% [9] [7] K.P. Jackson et al., Phys. Lett. 33B, 281 (197). [8] J. Cerny et al., Phys. Lett. 33B, 284 (197). [9] J. Cerny et al., Nucl. Phys. A188, 666 (1972).

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m Proton radioac4vity was discovered in 197 in the 19/2 - isomeric state of 53 Co [7,8] half-life T 1/2 à measured Q-value à measured Branching ra4o b p à estimated to b p ~ 1.5% [9] Experiment @ University of Jyväskylä (JYFL) in 215 Quantum-state selec:ve beams from JYFLTRAP (mass selec4on!) [1]: 1% pure beams of 53 Co, 53 Co m, 52 Fe, 53 Fe m [7] K.P. Jackson et al., Phys. Lett. 33B, 281 (197). [8] J. Cerny et al., Phys. Lett. 33B, 284 (197). [9] J. Cerny et al., Nucl. Phys. A188, 666 (1972). [1] V.S. Kolhinen et al., Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 528, 776 (24)

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m 3174 19/2-53@27 Co 247(12)ms 242(8)ms 7/2-2.54(2)min 34 234 1328 53@26 Fe 19/2-11/2-9/2-7/2-8.51(2)min

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m 3174 19/2-53@27 Co 247(12)ms 242(8)ms 7/2-2.54(2)min 34 234 1328 53@26 Fe 19/2-11/2-9/2-7/2-8.51(2)min Problem: the decay of the 7/2 - ground-state and the 19/2 - isomer of 53 Co to their isobaric analogue states (IAS) in 53 Fe are nearly iden4cal!

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m Experiment Counts/5keV 1 2 1 1 5 1 15 2 25 Particle Energy E p [kev]

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m Simula4on Experiment Counts/5keV 1 2 1 1 Counts/5keV 1 2 1 5 1 15 2 25 Particle Energy E p [kev] 1 5 1 15 2 25 Particle Energy E p [kev]

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m Simula4on Experiment Counts/5keV 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 4 6 8 1 12 14 16 Particle Energy E p [kev]

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m Simula4on Experiment Counts/5keV 1 3 1 2 1 proton decay branch b p 1.5% 1 2 4 6 8 1 12 14 16 Particle Energy E p [kev]

The Proton Decay Branching in 53 Co m 378 5/2-7/2-3/2-53@25 Mn 53@24 Cr 1% 2.54(2)min 162 ~1% 9/2-42(8)% 34 234 1328 56(8)% 3.7(4) 1 6 y 19/2-11/2-9/2-7/2-3174 8.51(2)min 53@26 Fe 19/2-247(12)ms 53@27 Co 242(8)ms 7/2-99%? 1% + 546 52@26 378 Fe proton decay 1.53(1) MeV b p 1.5% 8.275(8)h 5.591(3)d 1418 1 + 2 + 6 + 52@25 Mn 1434 21.2(2)min 98% 2 + 52@24 Cr + Branching ra4o b p à measured to b p 1.5%

Conclusion & Outlook

Conclusion & Outlook 1% pure beams + detectors system TASISpec + Geant4 Simula4on

Conclusion & Outlook 1% pure beams + detectors system TASISpec + Geant4 Simula4on New branching ra4os in 213 Ra and 53 Co m New mixing ra4os in 29 Rn Papers are in preparation for the two projects 213 Ra & 53 Co m

Conclusion & Outlook Simula5on aided Quantum-State Selec5ve Decay Spectroscopy proofs to be a valuable technique to inves4gate cases where decay parers are not unambiguous ( 53 Co m ) but also for reviewing/remeasuring older decay data ( 213 Ra)

Thank you for your Attention

TASISpec in Jyväskylä