The ion mass spectrometer MSA onboard BepiColombo MMO MPO (ESA) MMO (JAXA) Slavin et al. [2009] 1973 2004 2017 launch year
MAST HEP-e Particle consortium (MPPE) of Bepi Colombo MMO PI : Y. Saito, ISAS (IRF) (IRAP) (Tokyo Univ.) (ISAS) MEFISTO-S (IRAP) MMO @ ISAS, March 2015 (ISAS-LPP) MEA2 MEA1 MPPE Sensors MEA: Mercury Electron Analyzer energy spectrum of electrons 3eV-30keV MIA: Mercury Ion Analyzer energy spectrum of solar wind ions 100eV/q-30keV/q energy spectrum of Mercury ions 5eV/q-30keV/q MSA : Mass Spectrum Analyzer energy mass spectrum of ions 5eV/q - 40keV/q mass: 1-60 HEP-ion: High Energy Particle-ion energetic ions 30keV-1.5MeV HEP-ele: High Energy Particle-electron energetic electrons 30keV-700keV ENA: Energetic Neutral Atom low-energy energetic neutral atoms <25eV-3.3keV WPT-S MSA MIA
MSA scientific objectives : (1) magnetospheric plasma investigation of ion sources and sinks analysis of ion transport and acceleration mechanisms characterization of magnetospheric current carriers (2) planetary material identification of escaping material analysis of magnetospheric recycling (3) inner heliosphere material characterization of "minor" ions in the solar wind analysis of pick-up ions from the inner source
MSA team MSA FM ISAS, June 2014 Optics unit PI-ship: ISAS (Japan) LEF detector ST detector Data processing Detector Electronics TM MV VHV HV Instrument monitoring TC Power Management HV box Voltage Converter boards HV unit LV box DPU board LV unit Amp & S/W board ISAS (Japan) MSA part : Amplifier Board and Spacewire Interface team : Y. Saito (PI), S. Yokota Sub-units responsibilities ISAS (Japan) IDA (Germany) MPS (Germany) LPP (France) LPP (France) MSA part : Electrostatic optics team : D. Delcourt (Co-PI), F. Leblanc, C. Verdeil, B. Katra D. Fontaine, J.-M. Illiano, J.-J. Berthelier, J.-D. Techer MPS (Germany) MSA part : High Voltage Power Supplies team : H. Fischer, M. Fraenz, N. Krupp, U. Bührke IDA (Germany) MSA part : Central Processing Unit team : B. Fiethe, A. Belger, F. Bubenhagen, H. Michalik
MSA principle (1/2) : 0 -V
MSA principle (2/2) : LEF : high mass resolution ST : moderate mass resolution (comparable to that of FIPS)
Geometrical factor control solar wind Msheath large spoiler small spoiler large spoiler «Spoiler» operations : (1) solar wind : small spoiler (3 entrance windows) (2) magnetosheath : small AND large spoilers (3) magnetosphere : NO spoiler
MSA performances (1/3) : 21 entrance windows Mapping of optics entrance windows with delay line sectors Energy analyzer characteristics : - k factor 6.85 - energy resolution 8%
MSA performances (2/3) : LEF : high mass resolution ST : moderate mass resolution (comparable to MESSENGER FIPS) O+ N+
MSA performances (3/3) : Field of view Angular resolution Energy range Energy resolution 8% Mass range Mass resolution Time resolution 5deg. x 270deg. 5deg. x 11.25deg. 1 ev/q 38 kev/q 1 60 amu m/ m = 40 (<15 kev/q) m/ m = 10 (>15 kev/q) 3D mass resolved ion distribution function in 4 s (32 energy steps) 8 s (64 energy steps) dimensions = 325 x 287 x 232 mm mass = 4.46 kg power (medium TM) = 9.1 W MIA sensor : dimensions = 180 x 254 x 146 mm mass = 1.57 kg power = 2.9 W G-factor (cm 2 sr ev/ev) (5deg. x 270deg.) 7 x 10-3 (ST) ; 5 x 10-4 (LEF) (electrically controllable using spoiler)
MSA data products (1/3) : Three types of data products (1) Count rate (ion flux) matrices prepared from both energy analyzer data and Time-Of-Flight (TOF) analyzer data energy analyzer : 32 energy steps from 1 ev/q to 38 kev/q in one spin sector (32 sectors per spin), and 11.25 angular resolution in polar angle (collapsed into 36 directions of view per spin) angular grouping TOF analyzer : 14 ion species derived from fixed TOF-mass groups in Straight-Thru (ST) data energy fixed mass groups (2) TOF products (composition) : ST-External ST-Central (enhanced mass resolution / ST-Ext) LEF (high mass resolution, low count rate) (3) Moments (onboard calculation with dedicated CPU) : density, average velocity, kinetic pressure TOF
TOF Count rate matrix MSA data products (2/3) : High spatial resolution mode Default mode High telemetry mode High temporal resolution mode
MSA data products (3/3) : Downlink data volume Moments
Example of particle and field data in the Earth s magnetotail Seki et al. [1996]
MAST HEP-e Particle consortium (MPPE) of Bepi Colombo MMO PI : Y. Saito, ISAS (IRF) (IRAP) (Tokyo Univ.) (ISAS) MEFISTO-S (IRAP) MMO @ ISAS, March 2015 MPPE Low-Energy Particles (LEP) (ISAS-LPP) MEA2 MEA1 MPPE Sensors MEA: Mercury Electron Analyzer energy spectrum of electrons 3eV-30keV MIA: Mercury Ion Analyzer energy spectrum of solar wind ions 100eV/q-30keV/q energy spectrum of Mercury ions 5eV/q-30keV/q MSA : Mass Spectrum Analyzer energy mass spectrum of ions 5eV/q - 40keV/q mass: 1-60 HEP-ion: High Energy Particle-ion energetic ions 30keV-1.5MeV HEP-ele: High Energy Particle-electron energetic electrons 30keV-700keV WPT-S MIA ENA: Energetic Neutral Atom low-energy energetic neutral atoms <25eV-3.3keV MSA
MPPE-LEP (sub)consortium Consortium LEP includes MEA1-MEA2 + MIA + MSA instruments : Level 1 data readily accessible by the whole LEP team dedicated (science-based) LEP observations modes : survey / exosphere / solar wind / shock / reconnection / magnetosphere MSA modes used for the LEP modes : default (MedA) : survey, magnetosphere high spatial resolution (MedC) : solar wind high temporal resolution (Med D) : exosphere, shock, reconnection
MMO telemetry (L, M, H modes) MMO orbit : 400 km x 12000 km period : 9.3 hours apoapsis periapsis L mode : ON all the time ; downlink all data M mode : essentially ON all the time ; downlink 20-40% of data H mode : 20-min data (triggered via specific command) (M-mode and H-mode data cover wider region near periapsis)
Data storage for internal use (starting with MEA1, MEA2, MIA, MSA) MEA1, MEA2, MIA, MSA (+ HEP + ENA + MGF TBC) Level 0 data (binary) Level 1 data (CDF) Level 2 data (CDF) Level 1 data (cdf) -> to be registered to MMO working archive Level 2 data (cdf) -> to be registered to MMO working archive Level 3 data ISAS, IRAP, LPP, and MPS will have the same MEA1, MEA2, MIA, MSA data. The generated data files are copied every TBD days. ISAS ISAS is responsible for making MIA data files, and registering.cdf files to MMO working archive. MGF data also provided by ISAS (TBC). IRAP MEA1, MEA2, MIA, MSA + HEP + ENA + MGF data Level 0A data (binary) Level 0B data (binary? Text? Other?) Level 1 data (binary? Text? Other?) Level 2 data (binary? Text? Other?) Level 1 data (cdf) -> to be registered to MMO working archive Level 2 data (cdf) -> to be registered to MMO working archive Level 3 data MEA1, MEA2, MIA, MSA + HEP + ENA + MGF data Level 0A data (binary) Level 0B data (binary? Text? Other?) Level 1 data (binary? Text? Other?) Level 2 data (binary? Text? Other?) Level 1 data (cdf) -> to be registered to MMO working archive Level 2 data (cdf) -> to be registered to MMO working archive Level 3 data LPP MPS MEA1, MEA2, MIA, MSA + HEP + ENA + MGF data Level 0A data (binary) Level 0B data (binary? Text? Other?) Level 1 data (binary? Text? Other?) Level 2 data (binary? Text? Other?) Level 1 data (cdf) -> to be registered to MMO working archive Level 2 data (cdf) -> to be registered to MMO working archive Level 3 data MEA1, MEA2, MIA, MSA + HEP + ENA + MGF data Level 0A data (binary) Level 0B data (binary? Text? Other?) Level 1 data (binary? Text? Other?) Level 2 data (binary? Text? Other?) Level 1 data (cdf) -> to be registered to MMO working archive Level 2 data (cdf) -> to be registered to MMO working archive Level 3 data LPP/MPS are responsible for making MSA data files, and registering.cdf files to MMO working archive. IRAP is responsible for making MEA1, MEA2 data files, and registering.cdf files to MMO working archive.