Edexcel 2 Landscape systems, processes and change Area of the Spec Field Site Research areas Primary data collection Secondary data access Statistical analysis High and low Identifying of different Local tide times data energy Brook Variation in energy level along a coastline / between two Changes to different energy over time (past and future) Reasons for the location of different energy observations in situ Channel Coastal Observatory Magic Seaweed NOAA - National Data Buoy Centre Rates of erosion and Deviation Relationship between high and low energy deposition through historical photographs Discordant Variation in along a coastline / between two Alum / Relationships between different discordant The Needles Culver Cliff Distribution of discordant Variation in rate of erosional processes on a discordant coastline Changes to headlands and/or bays over time Reasons for the micro- of headlands and/or bays Relationship between and lithology
Influence of Variation in geological structure over space Print media geological structure Compton Brook Reasons for changes to the geological structure Identifying caused by the variation in geological structure Relationship between geological structure and other key factors Field diary Geological survey Social media British Geological Survey Infiltration testing - comparison of means / Standard deviation UK Soil Observatory Human evidence survey Dune St Helens Distribution of depositional Isle of Wight Biological Dune profiling - succession Variations in the rate of depositional processes Dune profiling Records Centre Mann Factors affecting the rate of deposition Changes to rates of deposition in the future Vegetation survey transect National Biodiversity Network Simpson s Diversity Index Observational changes to sand dunes over time Human evidence survey Reasons for the structure and variation in a set Blowout mapping of sand dunes Reasons for the location of different sand dunes Relationship between different depositional Relationship between and lithology Salt marsh St Helens Changes to the size and shape of a saltmarsh Isle of Wight Biological Simpson s diversity succession Norton Spit over time Vegetation survey transect Records Centre index Newtown Reasons for a saltmarsh location Reasons for saltmarsh growth and/or recession Human evidence survey National Biodiversity Network Relationship between a saltmarsh and around it observations Relationship between a saltmarsh and abiotic
Influence of Variation in wave action along a coastline / Measuring wave angle, MVC Environmental wave types Brook contrasting Changes in energy over time (past and future) Factors affecting the relative swash and backwash Relationship between energy and wind frequency Measuring wind direction and strength Monitoring Data Met Office Archive Deviation Erosional Variation in erosional along a landforms Alum / coastline / between two Relationships between different erosional The Needles Culver Cliff Distribution of erosional Variation in rate of erosional processes Factors affecting the rate of erosion Changes to rates of erosion in the future Changes to headlands and/or bays over time Reasons for the observational of headlands and/or bays Reasons for the location of headlands and/or bays Relationship between and lithology Longshore drift Bembridge Variation in the rates of transportation spatially Observational field dairy Local tide times data Sediment flow (LSD) - to Ryde Changes to rate of LSD over time Measuring wave angle and Channel Coastal Fabric Analysis to Changes to LSD in the future Factors that affect the rate of LSD frequency Pebble movement monitoring Observatory Magic Seaweed NOAA - National Data Buoy Wave frequency - Standard Deviation Centre
Depositional Distribution of different beaches MVC Historical Data Shore Roughness landforms Bembridge Variations in the rate of depositional processes Factors affecting the rate of deposition Changes to rates of deposition in the future Observational changes to beaches over time Reasons for the structure and size of a beach Reasons for the location of different beaches Relationship between different depositional Relationship between and lithology Beach profiling Measuring wave cut platforms Sediment sampling - size, shape, roughness, orientation, geology Shore feature profiling Pool / Outcrop density survey Beach/Shore roughness UK Soil Observatory British Geological Survey Index Sediment sample - Nearest Neighbour Analysis Sediment comparison - Interquartile Ranges Sediment along a transect - Spearman s Rank Comparing sediment at two locations - Chi Squared Beach profiling - Mann Weathering Brook Variation in weathering rates and mass movement Compton Factors that affect weathering rates Past and/or future rates of weathering (and observations in situ St Lawrence mass movement) Social media e.g. Twitter Human evidence survey
Hard and soft Impact of defences on processes Building age and value - engineering approaches to management Totland Cowes Newtown Impact of defences on Impact of defences on human activity Impact of future defences on area Evaluating the effectiveness of a defence (past, present and future) Assessing the level of flood risk Human factors that led to the Shoreline Management Plan Physical factors that led to the Shoreline Management Plan Contrasting different Shoreline Management Plans observations in situ (anecdotal) Measuring wave angle, frequency Land use and building age survey Environmental quality survey Sediment sampling (managed and unmanaged coastline) Stakeholder Interviews - Jason Mack, Mayor Zoopla / Rightmove for the Isle of Wight MVC Historical Data Cost-Benefit Analysis Risk Mapping - Mann Whitney U Sediment analysis - Mann - Spearman s Rank Building age and level of structural damage - Spearman s Rank Questionnaires Defence effectiveness survey Rock density survey (in relation to rip rap) Building structural damage survey - Chi Squared - Standard Deviation Hudson s Value (effectiveness index) deviation Interview Coding Conflict and Identifying sources of and reasons for conflict Questionnaire Print media Conflict matrix policy decisions ( management) Variations in levels of conflict over spatial areas Variations in levels of conflict over time Impact of conflict on degree of management Management of current and future conflict Stakeholder interview - Jason Mack, Town Mayor observations Social media for the Isle of Wight Questionnaire - Spearman s Rank Interview Coding and Indexing