dust particle needle point bacteria Microbiology 1 (MICR V01) Lecture: Dr. Marta D. de Jesus (Ph.D.) Lab (SCI-311): with Prof. Eden Bellenson Please pick up all handouts. Introduction What is MICR V01? Nuts & bolts Syllabus Roll Helps & Hints Who is this class for? Nursing RN and beyond (BSN, MSN, DNP, PhD) Other pre-health dental hygiene, DDS, PharmD, OD, PA, DPT, DVM, etc. Other interests bioengineering, chemical engineering, biotechnology, etc. Note: NOT usually recommended for MD or DO (not accepted as units by medical schools in general), or Microbiology majors. 1
Pre-requisites for MICR V01 CHEM V20 & V20L/V30 or V30 L/V 01 & V01L (requires beg. algebra) AND PHSO V01 (requires ANAT V01) or BIOL V04 What topics did you get from those courses that you will use here? Scientific method Metric system (& conversions) Subatomic particles, periodic table, element descriptions, chemical symbols & formulas, acids, bases/alkalis & buffers Basic microscopy, prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells (animal & plant cells), cell division, biological molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids) Basic enzyme function, molecular biology (DNA replication, RNA transcription & protein synthesis), metabolic processes (glycolysis, aerobic respiration, photosynthesis), Basic taxonomy Human anatomy & physiology (including an intro to the immune system) If you don t remember or are shaky on a number of these, this class will be very difficult. Ventura College websites: http://www.venturacollege.edu MyVCCCD.edu portal (WebStar, EMS, etc.) My Website for my classes: http://www.dewhozitz.net/!!to get class alert messages: Send a text with your cellphone to my email address containing: a) your name b) your cellphone carrier s name Course Syllabus A. COURSE DESCRIPTION B. METHOD OF INSTRUCTION C. STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES D. COURSE OBJECTIVES E. COURSE TOPICS/UNITS F. CORE COMPETENCIES G. TEXTBOOK(S) AND REQUIRED SUPPLIES 2
Required Lecture Textbook Lab Manual Optional Books (but can be helpful) Course Syllabus H. GRADING PLAN Guaranteed grades 90-100% -> A 80-89% -> B 70-79% -> C 60-69% -> D Below -> F (lecture %).75 + (lab %).25 = final % 3
Course Syllabus COURSE COMPONENT SPECIFICS Lecture: 75% of total grade - Lecture Tests: 20 points each (2 lowest scores will be dropped) - Lecture Final: ~110 points (Please sit every other seat for tests & exams) - Writing Assignment: 50 points Total Points: 420 (if everything goes to plan) Lab: 25% of total grade For Weekly Tests: #95946 For Final Exam: #95677 Course Syllabus I. CLASSROOM RULES OF CONDUCT http://www.venturacollege.edu/honesty/ Academic Dishonesty Disruption/Obstruction of class Lab Safety J. Some of the On-Campus Student Help If transferring: http://www.assist.org K. EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 4
Course Syllabus L. Other miscellaneous helps DISCLAIMER M. Bloom s Taxonomy (types of questions that are fair game on college exams) N. PLANNED SCHEDULE AFFIDAVIT & Student Information Sheet (due next lecture) Introduction What is MICR V01? Nuts & bolts Syllabus Roll Helps & Hints How to Learn Better Dale s Cone of Experience - the more you re involved, the more you get out of the information. Anti-learning: distraction 5
Introduction - What is Microbiology? (includes members of 5 of the 6 Kingdoms of Life, plus some non-living pathogens) Characteristics of Microbes: 1. small 16,600x (when image is 2 in x 2 in) Characteristics of Microbes: 1. small 2. ubiquitous 6
Characteristics of Microbes: 1. small 2. ubiquitous 3. ecologically critical 26.6 26.4 Characteristics of Microbes: 1. small 2. ubiquitous 3. ecologically critical 4. medically important causes of disease (not all) source of antibiotics World-wide disease (older Talaro figure) Characteristics of Microbes: 1. small 2. ubiquitous 3. ecologically critical 4. medically important 5. economically important 7
Characteristics of Microbes: 1. small 2. ubiquitous 3. ecologically important 4. medically important 5. economically important 6. often beneficial biofuels bioremediation Contribute to activities in: health environmental industrial research 8
What is Science? sciens (Latin) 1. process/method What is Science? sciens (Latin) 1. process/method 2. information What is not Science? examples Art Literature Philosophy Theology/Religion (and some subjects are in between ) 9
Scientific Method (older version) Start Results many experiments, many results later ( ) Newer model of the Scientific Method/Process https:// undsci.berkeley.edu/ article/0_0_0/ howscienceworks_02 In every experiment, we usually have 2 groups of subjects: experimental and control In lab, sometimes we ll sometimes have 2 kinds of controls: positive and negative 10
Big Moments in the History of Microbiology A. Diseases & microbes 1. ancient explanations, transmission 2. fermentation 3. spontaneous generation eventually disproved 4. some (in)famous disease episodes a. Plague of Athens (430-25 B.C.E) b. Black Plague (1348 - outbreaks until 16th Cent. ) c. Spanish Flu (1918) d. HIV -> AIDS (late 20th Cent.->?) History of Microbiology http://www.microbeworld.org/ history-of-microbiology Important Contributor (before ~1850) Antonie von Leeuwenhoek Examples of modern taxonomy and another: Carolus Linnaeus (aka Carl von Linne) Biological Taxonomy Species: Homo sapiens Species: Paramecium caudatum 11
Modern Taxonomic Hierarchy Domain Dashing Kingdom King Phylum Philip Class Came Order Over Family From Genus Geneva Species Switzerland (a mnemonic) How are species of organisms actually named? binomial nomenclature (invented by Gaspard and Johann Bauhin; Linnaeus (1753) was the first to popularize ) species name = genus name + specific epithet eg: Staphylococcus aureus OR (underlined) Staphylococcus aureus (in italics) Capitalized lower case eg: Homo sapiens Homo sapiens A species of = genus name + sp. eg: Staphylococcus sp. several species of = genus name + spp. eg: Homo spp. (Note: Usually can t say S. aureus or H. sapiens, etc. without first using the entire name.) 1857 1914: Golden Age of Microbiology A Major contributor: (microbes stuck here) Louis Pasteur his fermentation experiments - proved spontaneous generation does not occur in the modern world Other hits : 1 st anti-rabies vaccine, pasteurization, etc. 12
Another Major contributor Robert Koch - Koch s Postulates - pure culture techniques - staining - etc. Important invention Electron microscopes (1930s): - can see smaller than cells à TEM 2 most common types SEM How many kingdoms of life are there? (Woese s) (Whittaker s) Two vs. Three vs. Five vs. Six Prokaryota Bacteria Monera (bacteria) Bacteria Archaea Archaea Eukarya Eukarya Protista Protista Plants Plants Fungi Fungi Animals Animals Note: still discussing 13
Woese and Fox s Domains of Life (bigger than kingdoms) (& Kingdom) (& Kingdom) become endosymbiot organelles (more complicated than what this indicate Are we in the next Golden Age of Microbiology? Many say yes - Most of modern biotechnology and technology uses microbiology or techniques first developed with microbes. - We know more about microbes now than ever before & the information is accelerating - our Human microbiome information is increasing rapidly and shows we are profoundly influenced by the microbes that live with us. We also face threats, 2 examples: - Emerging & re-emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) https://www.niaid.nih.gov/research/emerging-infectious-diseases-pathogens - Antibiotic resistance 2016 surprise! (major new comparison; new phyla are in violet) - Bacterial domain much bigger than we thought. - maybe only 2 domains. from: Nature Microbiology 1: 1 (2016) 14