Oceans and Climate: Hanoi, Manado, and Beyond Presented by Biliana Cicin-Sain To the DCMC, February 26, 2009 1
Global Forum on Oceans, Coasts, and Islands Created in 2001 and formalized at the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development (Johannesburg), the Global Forum brings together ocean leaders from governments, UN agencies, NGOs, private sector, donors, scientific sector, world s museums and aquaria to advance the global oceans agenda Policy analyses of implementation of global commitments on oceans, especially those emerging from the WSSD and on emerging issues Multistakeholder policy dialogues, promotion of oceans at the highest political levels, capacity building, public engagement Global conferences: 2001, 2003, 2006 at UNESCO, Paris, and 2008 in Hanoi, Vietnam See Report of Activities 2005-2008
Past Financial or In-Kind Contributors to the Global Forum Intergovernmental Organizations Convention on Biological Diversity Secretariat Food and Agriculture Organization Global Environment Facility GEF International Waters Learning Exchange and Resource Network United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission; Division of Ecological Sciences; Division of Water Sciences; Environment and Development in Coastal Regions and in Small Islands) United Nations Environment Programme (Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-based Activities) World Bank World Bank Institute Governments Government of Australia Government of Barbados Flemish Government, Belgium Government of Canada (DFO; CIDA; DFAIT) Government of Indonesia (Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries) Government of Italy (Ministry of Environment and Territory) Government of the Republic of Korea (Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries) Government of Mexico (Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources, Comision Consultiva del Agua) Government of Mozambique Government of the Netherlands Government of Portugal (Intersectoral Oceanographic Commission, Ministry of Science, Technology and High Education; Strategic Commission on the Oceans; Secretary of State for Maritime Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs) Government of Singapore (Ministry of Foreign Affairs; National Parks Board) Government of the United States of America (NOAA: National Ocean Service (Coastal Services Center, International Program Office), National Marine Fisheries Service; Department of State; USAID) Government of Vietnam (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development; Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment) 4 International Organizations Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone New Partnership for Africa s Development Pacific Islands Applied Geoscience Commission Partnerships in Environmental Management for the Seas of East Asia South Pacific Regional Environment Programme Nongovernmental Organizations International Ocean Institute International Union for the Conservation of Nature IUCN Vietnam The Nature Conservancy World Wildlife Fund Foundations Gulbenkian Foundation, Portugal Lighthouse Foundation, Germany Luso-American Foundation, Portugal Nippon Foundation, Japan Ocean Policy Research Foundation, Japan Research Centers Centro de Ecologia, Pesquerias y Oceanografia del Golfo de Mexico (EPOMEX), Universidad Autonoma de Campeche, Mexico Dalhousie University, Marine and Environmental Law Institute Pusan National University, Republic of Korea University of Delaware, Gerard J. Mangone Center for Marine Policy University of Rhode Island Coastal Resources Center Aquaria and Museums Centre de Decouverte du Monde Marin, Nice, France NAUSICAA (Centre National de la Mer) Oceanario de Lisboa World Ocean Observatory World Ocean Network
The World Summit on Sustainable Development and Millennium Development Goals Ecosystem Approach by 2010 and Integrated and Coastal Ocean Management (no date) Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-Based Activities (progress by 2006) Small Island Developing States and Oceans (Review of BPoA by 2004) Sustainable Development of Fisheries: IUU IPOA (2004), Capacity IPOA (2005), Elimination of subsidies (no date), maintain and improve stocks by 2015 Biodiversity (2010) and Marine Protected Areas (2012) Integrated Water Resource Management (2005) Global Marine Assessment (2004) Coordination of UN Activities on Oceans (no date) Millennium Development Goals (2015)
2006 Report on Implementation of World Summit on Sustainable Development Goals on Oceans 2006 policy analysis/ report card on implementation of global commitments on oceans 2009 report card forthcoming
Strategic Planning to Advance the Global Oceans Agenda 2006-2016 An informal process of visioning-- where do we want to be in a decade, and how do we get there, in association with governments, UN agencies, NGOs, private sector, ocean donors, science sector, world s museums and aquaria WSSD/MDG goals a good starting point good goals reflecting the world s political will Must be able to respond to new challenges, such as those related to climate, disasters, high seas governance, other
4 th Global Conference on Oceans, Coasts, and Islands: Advancing Ecosystem Management and Integrated Coastal and Ocean Management by 2010 in the Context of Climate Change April 7-11, 2008, Hanoi, Vietnam
Major Goals Hanoi Conference 1. Put climate on the oceans agenda and vice versa --Climate and oceans= different fora Starting point 2007 IPCC report 2. Review progress on the global WSSD ocean/coasts goals and recommend next steps 3. Emphasize need to move toward ecosystem-based management of areas beyond national jurisdiction (64% of ocean)
Extensive Preparatory Process 12 Working Groups focusing on major coastal and ocean issues mobilized in 2007 Working Groups involve: 254 experts 72 countries Each Working Group has prepared a Policy Brief outlining the major issues, recommendations for policy-makers, and the way forward Working Groups are ongoing kindly invited to participate
12 Policy Briefs Prepared Climate, Oceans, and Security EBM and ICM by 2010 and Indicators for Progress Large Marine Ecosystems SIDS and Implementation of the Mauritius Strategy Fisheries and Aquaculture Marine Biodiversity and Networks of Marine Protected Areas Freshwater, Oceans, and Coasts Maritime Transportation Governance of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction Cross-Cutting Issues: Capacity Development Compliance and Enforcement Public Education, Outreach, and Media
Relating the Issues EBM/ICM CLIMATE SIDS Developing Nations Vulnerable Communities, Ecosystems Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction Fisheries and Aquaculture Biodiversity and MPAs Freshwater to Oceans Marine Transportation Poverty Indicators for Progress Compliance Capacity Public Outreach
4 th Global Conference Brought ocean and coastal leaders from around the world to focus on the most important ocean issues, how to advance the issues, and how to meet new challenges 439 ocean and coastal leaders 62 countries Representation from all sectors, including governments, intergovernmental and international organizations, non-governmental organizations, the business community, ocean donors, scientific institutions, and museums and aquaria
8-Point Action Agenda on Oceans and Climate 1. Emphasize ocean/climate issues in the climate negotiations and vice versa United Nations Climate Change Conference COP 15, December 7-18, 2009, Copenhagen, Denmark Articulate the central role of oceans in climate and the worrisome effects of climate change on oceans, coastal communities, developing countries, SIDS Difficult effort: Must involve science, policy, politics, and resources
8-Point Climate Agenda cont. 2. Understand and develop policy responses to global ocean changes: ocean warming ocean acidification sea level rise changes in currents changes in polar regions, etc. Also combination of science and policy Discussion of tipping points, consequences, possible policy responses, institutional ability to respond
8-Point Climate Agenda cont. 3. Address the climate divide and promote international commitments and funding mechanisms to respond to the differential effects of climate change on different regions and peoples --Understanding of differential effects on different regions of the world, especially developing countries and SIDS --Sufficient international resources to address these issues --Development of international law on environmental refugees
8-Point Climate Agenda cont. 4. Encourage a wide range of adaptation efforts (soft, hard, floating) --Modes of and delivery of adaptation financing --Approaches, methodologies, best practices --Adaptation must be carried out in the context of Integrated, Ecosystem-Based Coastal and Ocean Management --Capacity for adaptation --Public education and outreach
8-Point Climate Agenda cont. 5. Properly manage mitigation efforts that use the oceans carbon capture and storage ocean fertilization State of the art, what is taking place, what is planned Appropriate regulatory mechanisms to manage any such activities Scientific opinion/policy opinion that certain potentially harmful activities should not be allowed
8-Point Climate Agenda cont. 6. Encourage alternative forms of energy using the oceans (windpower, tides, currents) State of the art, what is taking place, what is planned, timeline of development Appropriate regulatory mechanisms for such developments
8-Point Climate Agenda cont. 7. Manage air pollution from ships Efforts well underway with IMO Monitor and help to accelerate progress 8. Enhance capacity building to address climate change effects Emphasize the urgent need for capacity building among highlevel decisionmakers Emphasize climate/ocean challenges in ocean leadership training of high-level decisionmakers Disseminate information in a concise and actionable format
An Action Agenda on Oceans and Climate 1. Organize the Global Ocean Policy Day to be held during the World Ocean Conference (WOC) in Manado, Indonesia (May 11-15, 2009) and contribute to the Manado Oceans Declaration 2. Develop policy briefs on each of the main oceans/climate topics aimed at high-level decisionmakers
World Ocean Conference, Manado, May 11-15, 2009 3. Participate in the UNFCCC process leading up to COP 15 (Copenhagen, December 2009) to articulate the oceans/climate issues a broad coalition is needed 4. Organize the 2010 5 th Global Oceans Conference, April 5-9, 2010, UNESCO, Paris, France, with climate/oceans as a major theme
World Ocean Conference, Manado, May 11-15, 2009
World Ocean Conference, Manado, May 11-15, 2009 Your cooperation kindly invited in: --Preparation of the policy briefs --Organizing the panel sessions on May 11-12 --Participating in the Global Ocean Policy Day May 13 --Working together in the UNFCCC process
2010 Global Oceans Conference: Major Conference Themes Oceans, Climate and Security: Major Issues in Mitigation,Adaptation, and Financing Integrated Marine and Coastal Policies: Best Practices at National and Regional Levels Progress Markers in Achieving Integrated Ecosystem-Based Management by 2010 (including results of a global survey to be carried out by the Global Forum and regional and national partners) Marine Biodiversity (2010) and Networks of Marine Protected Areas (2012), and celebrating the 2010 International Year of Biodiversity Next Steps in Building Consensus on Integrated Governance of Marine Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction Enhancing United Nations Capacity to Respond to Cross-Cutting Issues in Ocean Governance Mobilizing to Support Capacity Development in Developing Countries and Small Island Developing States (SIDS) Mobilizing Public/Private Partnerships for Global Ocean Stewardship Mobilizing the Public for Individual and Collective Action on Global Ocean Stewardship
Conference-at-a Glance April 5 and 6 Technical Symposium on Ocean Governance Welcome Reception, April 5 April 7 High-level National Officials Roundtable The Roundtable will be organized by a developed and developing country, following up, in part, on the 2009 World Ocean Conference Meetings of Special Networks: The Ocean Parliamentarians Local and Regional Authorities Meetings of Global Forum Working Groups Reception, April 7
Conference-at-a Glance April 8 and 9 The Policy Conference Plenary Sessions Concurrent Policy Dialogues Charting the Course for the Next Phase Farewell Reception, April 9
Conference Organizers Global Forum on Oceans, Coasts, and Islands Global Environment Facility United Nations Development Programme Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, UNESCO European Commission (invited) Government of France (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Ecology, Energy, Sustainable Development and Town and Country Planning (Regional Development), French National Assembly, Secrétariat Général de la Mer, French Marine Protected Areas Agency) (invited) Government of the United States of America, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Government of Canada, Department of Fisheries and Oceans Government of Indonesia, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Government of Netherlands, Nature Government of Vietnam, Vietnam Administration of Seas and Islands Lighthouse Foundation, Germany World Ocean Network NAUSICAA, Centre National de la Mer, France Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations (IDDRI), France (invited) Commission Peripherique des Regions Maritimes, Europe (invited) The Nature Conservancy Luso-American Development Foundation, Portugal Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association, Tanzania World Ocean Observatory Gerard J. Mangone Center for Marine Policy, University of Delaware, USA
Your cooperation is kindly invited www.globaloceans.org