Lesson One
Lesson Two Directions: Circle the term in parentheses that correctly completes each sentence. 1. The law of conservation of energy says that energy can be (reduced, transformed) from one form to another, but it cannot be created or (destroyed, transferred). 2. An energy (transfer, transformation) occurs when energy moves from one object to another without changing form. 3. When a force acts on an object and the object moves in the direction of the force, a transfer of energy called (direction, work) has occurred. 4. One constant about energy transformations is that some energy will always be transformed into (thermal, radiant) energy. 5. During energy transformations, not all energy transformed is transformed to a(n) (efficient, usable) form of energy. 6. The transformation of electric energy to radiant energy and thermal energy when a flashlight is turned on is an example of energy (inefficiency, transfer). 7. There are no true (closed, recycled) systems because every physical system transfers some energy to the environment. 8. The sound of a bus passing by is an example of an (open, efficient) system because some chemical energy is transformed to sound and other energy is transformed to (thermal, electric) energy and mechanical energy. 9. Work occurs when a basketball player (holds, shoots) a basketball and also occurs when a hockey player (moves, stops) the puck with a hockey stick. 10. A television set projecting color images is an example of a(n) (open, closed) system because some energy is being exchanged within the (electrical system, environment). 11. (Chemical, Thermal) energy held in the muscles of the team s quarterback changes to (nuclear, mechanical) energy when the quarterback throws the ball. 12. When a hockey stick strikes a hockey puck and sends it toward the goalie, (thermal, mechanical) energy is being transferred from the hockey stick to the (goalie, puck).
Lesson Three Directions: All of the sentences below are false. Make the sentences true by writing the word(s) from the word bank that replace the underlined word on the line after each statement. 1. When the temperatures of materials that are in contact are the same, the materials are said to be in thermal convection. 2. To change from a solid state to a gas state without passing through the liquid state is to radiate. 3. The change of state from a liquid to a gas is called conduction. _ 4. The material that makes up a pot s handle is a(n) thermal conductor. _ 5. Thermal energy can be transferred by conduction, convection, and vaporization. Word Bank o conduction o radiation o thermal insulator o convection o sublime o vaporization o equilibrium o temperature o heat o thermal conductor 6. The metal that makes up a pot is a(n) equilibrium. 7. Convection is the transfer of thermal energy by collisions between particles in matter. 8. The movement of thermal energy from a warm bottle of water to the cool air in a refrigerator is called temperature. 9. The transfer of thermal energy by the movement of particles from one part of a material to another is conduction. 10. The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a material is sublimation.
Chapter Practice: Circle the best answer for each question. On the line before each question, record the page number where you found that answer. 1. What type of energy does a statue have? A. electric energy B. mechanical energy C. sound energy D. thermal energy 2. Which is the form of energy that cannot be stored? A. chemical energy B. gravitational potential energy C. nuclear energy D. sound energy 6. Which form of energy relies on gravitational potential energy? A. fossil fuels B. geothermal C. hydroelectric D. nuclear 7. In the picture, how does the thermal energy definitely flow? 3. Waves can transfer energy, but they A. cannot carry sounds B. do not move matter C. always have the same wavelength D. are unable to move through empty space 4. Which involves ONLY an energy transfer? A. A boy turns on an electric toaster to warm a piece of bread. B. A can of juice cools of in a ice chest on a hot summer day. C. A cat jumps down from a tree branch. D. A truck burns gasoline and moves 20 km. 5. Which could occur in a closed system? A. Chemical energy is transformed to electric energy in a system. B. During transformation of chemical energy to mechanical energy, thermal energy is released to the environment. C. Electric energy from the environment is transferred to the system. D. Radiant energy is transferred to the environment. A. from the air to the dog B. from the dog to the snow C. from the snow to the air D. from the snow to the dog 8. Which decreases the thermal energy of a can of soup you just took out of your pantry? A. letting the can sit on the counter for an hour B. opening the lid of the can of soup with a can opener. C. placing the can of soup under a bright light D. putting the can of soup in the refrigerator
Use the figure to answer questions 9 and 10 Use the figure to answer questions 12 and 13. 9. Which kind of energy is carried by the wave model shown? A. chemical energy B. electric energy C. radiant energy D. sound energy 10. Which property does this type of wave have that other kinds of waves do not? A. it can travel through air B. it can travel through water C. it can travel through a vacuum D. it can travel through metal wires 11. Which accurately describes potential energy and kinetic energy? A. A moving soccer ball has potential energy, while a rolling bowling ball has kinetic energy. B. A rock at the top of a cliff has potential energy, while a moving stream has kinetic energy. C. The energy stored in chemical bonds is potential energy, while the energy stored in an atom s nucleus is kinetic energy. D. The energy stored in an atom s nucleus is potential energy, while the energy stored in chemical bonds is kinetic energy. 12. The figure shows someone kicking a soccer ball. Which energy transformation occurs to make the FOOT move? A. chemical energy to mechanical energy B. mechanical to chemical energy C. mechanical energy to mechanical energy D. thermal energy to mechanical energy 13. Which energy transfer occurs to make the BALL move? A. chemical energy from ball to foot B. chemical energy from foot to ball C. mechanical energy from ball to foot D. mechanical energy from foot to ball 14. Which is a renewable energy resource that is used to produce electricity? A. biomass B. coal C. natural gas D. petroleum 15. The figure shows a pan of water being heated. Which statement is true? A. the pan and flame are a closed system. B. the natural gas is undergoing an energy transfer C. This process results in a temperature change and possibly a change in state. D. Thermal energy is not transferred.