The Nature of Matter Essential Question by Framework Begin with a review of the scientific method and discuss the science fair to be held later in the year. Grade( 2, 5, 8) - Type(L, E, P, T) - Number Chapter 1, Section 1: Models of the Atom Framework Essential Question Discovery of subatomic particles Structure of the nuclear atom 8P6 8P6: What makes an atom different from a molecule? Chapter 1, Section 2: The Simplest Matter The elements and the periodic table Atomic mass and atomic number Identify what makes an isotope Compare metals, metalloids, and non-metals Chapter 1, Section 3: Compounds and Mixtures Characteristics of a compound Compare types of mixtures 8P8 8P8: How are mixtures different from pure substances? Chapter 2, Section 1: Matter Matter is made of particles in motion 8P6 8P6: What makes an atom different from a molecule? Relate the three states of matter to the arrangement of particles 8P15 8P15: How does heat affect particle motion? Chapter 2, Section 2: Changes of State Compare thermal energy and temperature 8P14: What happens when heat energy is added to a system? Relate changes in thermal energy to change of state 8P14, 15 8P15: How does heat affect particle motion? Graph energy and temperature changes Include supplemental activities for Science Standards 1, 2, and 3 on weight, mass, density, volume, significant digits - Coordinate with Math Teacher
Chapter 2, Section 3: Behavior of Fluids Explain why some things float and others sink 8P2 8P2: How does density relate to volume, mass, and buoyancy? Describe the transference of pressure through a fluid Chapter 3, Section 1: and Chemical Properties Identify physical and chemical properties of matter Chapter 3, Section 2: and Chemical Changes Compare physical and chemical changes Identify examples of physical and chemical change Chapter 4, Section 1: Introduction to the Periodic Table Interpret an element key Explain the organization of the periodic table Chapter 4, Section 2: Representative Elements Recognize properties of representative elements Identify uses of the representative elements Chapter 4, Section 3: Transition elements Identify properties of some transition elements Distinguish lanthanides from actinides 8P10 8P10: What are the differences between physical and chemical changes?
Chemistry OMIT Chapter 1 Framework Essential Question OMIT Chapter 2 Chapter 3, Section 1: What is a solution? Make connections to CityLab as appropriate Distinguish between substances and mixtures Describe two types of mixtures 8P8 8P8: How are mixtures different from pure substances? Explain how solutions form Describe how solids, liquids, and gases form 8P10: What are the differences between physical and chemical 8P10 solutions changes? Chapter 3, Section 2: Solubility Explain why water is a solvent Describe the relation between structure of a compound the solvents it dissolves in Identify factors affecting solubility Describe concentration of a solution Chapter 3, Section 3: Acidic and Basic Solutions Properties of acids and bases Uses of acids and bases Explain how ph is used Explain how acids and bases react with each other
Motion, Forces and Energy Framework Essential Question Chapter 1, Section 1: What is Motion? Coordinate with Math Teacher Define distance, speed and velocity 8P11 8P11: How can you describe motion? Graph motion 8P12 8P12: What does a graph of motion look like? Chapter 1, Section 2: Acceleration Define acceleration 8P11: How can you describe motion? 8P11 Predict effect of acceleration on motion Chapter 1, Section 3: Momentum The difference between mass and inertia 8P1 8P1: How is weight different from mass? Define momentum Predict motion based on law of conservation of momentum 8P11 8P11: How can you describe motion? Chapter 2, Section 1: Newton's First Law Identify and distinguish between balanced and net forces Demonstrate Newton's First law Explain friction 8T6.4: What forces act on a moving object? Chapter 2, Section 2: Newton's Second Law Explain Newton's Second Law 8T6. 4 Explain the importance of direction of force Chapter 2, Section 3: Newton's Third Law Identify the relation between the forces objects exert on each other OMIT Chapter 3 Chapter 4, Section 1: Work and Power Recognize and calculate work Explain the relation between work and power Chapter 4, Section 2: Using Machines - Coordinate with Tech Ed Teacher Explain how machines make work easier 8T2.4 8T2.4: What is the purpose of tools and machines? Calculate mechanical advantage and efficiency Explain how friction reduces efficiency 8T6.4 8T6.4: What forces act on a moving object? Chapter 4, Section 3: Simple machines Distinguish among types of simple machines 5T1.3: What are simple and complex machines? 5T1.3 Find the mechanical advantage of simple machines
Chapter 5, Section 1: What is Energy? Explain what energy is 5P4 5P4: What are forms of energy? Distinguish between kinetic and potential energy 8P13 8P13: What's the relation between potential and kinetic energy? Identify forms of energy 5P4 5P4: What are forms of energy? Chapter 5, Section 2: Energy Transformations Apply laws of conservation of energy 8P13: What's the relation between potential and kinetic energy? 8P13 Identify changes in forms of energy How electric power plants produce energy Chapter 5, Section 3: Sources of Energy Explain renewable, non-renewable, and alternative energy sources Advantages and disadvantages of energy sources Chapter 6, Section 1: Temperature and Thermal Energy How temperature relates to kinetic energy 8P14: What happens when heat energy is added to a system? Three scales for measuring temperature Define thermal energy 8P14 Chapter 6, Section 2: Heat Difference between thermal energy and heat Three ways heat is transferred 8E3 8E3: How is heat transferred? Insulators and conductors Chapter 6, Section 3: Engines and Refrigerators What an engine does Internal combustion engines Refrigerators and air conditioners 8P16 8P16: How does heat move?
Astronomy Framework Essential Question Omit Chapter 1 Chapter 2, Section 1: Earth Earth's physical characteristics 8E2 8E2: What are the layers of the earth? Rotation and Revolution Causes of seasons Chapter 2, Section2: The Moos - Earth's Satellite Phases of the moon Causes of solar and lunar eclipses Moon's features and history Chapter 2, Section 3: Exploring earth's Moon Recent discoveries about the moon The moon and future space travel Chapter 3, Section 1: The Solar System Compare sun-centered and earth-centered models of the solar system Describe models of the formation of the solar system 5E14 8E9 8E10 5E14 5E14: Describe the movement of the earth and the results of that movement. 8E9: Why do we have eclipses? 8E10: What objects are in the solar system besides planets? 5E14: Describe the movement of the earth and the results of that movement. Chapter 3, Section 2: The Inner Planets List and describe the inner planets Compare Venus and Earth Chapter 3, Section 3: The Outer Planets Describe the characteristics of the outer planets How is Pluto different? Chapter 3, Section 4: Other Objects in the Solar system Origin and development of comets Compare comets, meteoroids, and asteroids Chapter 4, Section 1: Stars Why the positions of constellations change Absolute magnitude and apparent magnitude How parallax is used to determine distance Chapter 4, Section 2: The Sun 5E13 8E10 8E12 5E13: What makes up the solar system? 8P10: What are the differences between physical and chemical changes? 8E12: What are galaxies?
The structure of the sun How are sunspots, solar flares, and prominences related Explain why the sun is average and what other suns are Chapter 4, Section 3: Evolution of Stars How stars are classified Color and the temperature of stars How a star evolves Chapter 4, Section : Galaxies and the Universe Three main types of galaxies Characteristics of the Milky Way galaxy Evidence for the Big Bang theory 8E12 8E12: What are galaxies?
BROCKTON PUBLIC SCHOOLS GRADE 8 SCIENCE CURRICULUM MAP 2010-2011 September October November December January February March April May/June CONTENT FRAMEWORKS 18 Days 20 Days 16 Days 17 Days 19 Days 15 Days 17 + 5 MCAS Days Teach Scientific Method The Nature of Matter: Chapter 1, Sections 1, Science Packet on standards 1, Science 6, 7, 8 The Nature of Matter: Chapter 2, Sections 1, Chapter 3, sections 1, 2 Begin plans for Science Fair Science 4, 5, 9, 10 The Nature of Matter: Chapter 4, Sections 1, Science 5 Chemistry: Chapter 3, sections 1, Motion, Forces, and Energy: Chapter 1, Sections 1, 2 Science 8 Motion, Forces, and Energy: Chapter 2, sections 1, Chapter 4, Sections 2, 3 Science 11, 12, 13 Earth Science 8 Motion, Forces and Energy: Chapter 5, sections 1, 2, 3 Chapter 6, Sections 1, 2, 3 Science 14, 15, 16 Earth Science 3 Astronomy: Chapter 2, Sections 1, 2, 3 Finalize School Science Fairs Earth Science 11 16 Days 36+ 5 MCAS Days Astronomy: Chapter 3, sections, 4 Chapter 4, Sections 1, 2, 3, 4 District Science Fair Earth Science 10 MCAS Review SUGGESTED ASSESSMENTS 6/22/2010